EDITOR: Helen Rost Martins PUBLISHER/ CASA EDITORA: Universidade dos Açores. Rua da Mãe de Deus, 9500 Ponta Delgada (Açores) Portugal. COVER/ CAPA: Illustration by Paula Gaspar (scratchboard and water colour). Drift wood in open sea with several fish species associated: Schedophilus ovalis, Kyphosus sp., Balistes carolinensis and Naucrates ductor (based on underwater photographs by R. S. Santos). Ilustração de Paula Gaspar (scratchboard e aguarela). Tronco de árvore em oceano aberto com várias espécies de peixes associadas: Schedophilus ovalis, Kyphosus sp., Balistes carolinensis e Naucrates ductor (baseado em diversos diapositivos de R. S. Santos). Arquipélago- Life and Marine Sciences (Supplement 1) Bulletin of the University of the Azores Arquipélago- Ciências Biológicas e Marinhas (Suplemento 1) Boletim da Universidade dos Açores Depósito legal: 85081/97 Horta/ Ponta Delgada/ Terra Chã - 1997 Printed/ Impresso: Tipografia NOVA GRÁFICA (Ponta Delgada) ISBN 972-9340-92-7 ISSN 0873-4704 Marine Fishes of the Azores annotated checklist and bibliography A Catalogue of the Azorean Marine Ichthyodiversity Ricardo Serrão Santos, Filipe Mora Porteiro & João Pedro Barreiros The publication of the present work was funded by the Junta Nacional de Investigação Científica e Tecnológica (JNICT)- Lisboa. The research was made possible through grants received from Secretaria Regional da Agricultura e Pescas- Horta (Açores), INVOTAN- Lisboa, Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian- Lisboa, Fundação Luso-Americana para o Desenvolvimento- Lisboa. The work was developed at the Departamento de Oceanografia e Pescas of the Universidade dos Açores. ii This work is a tribute to Prof. José Ávila Martins in recognition to his devotion for the build up and strengthening of marine research in the University of the Azores. iii iv Abstract 1 Resumo 1 Introduction 2 Material and methods 4 Checklist 7 Class Chondrichthyes 7 Order Chimaeriformes 7 Chimaeridae 7 Chimaera monstrosa Linnaeus, 1758 Hydrolagus pallidus. Hardy & Stehmann, 1990 Order Orectolobiformes 7 Rhincodontidae 7 Rhincodon typus Smith, 1829 Order Carcharhiniformes 7 Pseudotriakidae 7 Pseudotriakis microdon Capello, 1868 Triakidae 8 Galeorhinus galeus (Linnaeus, 1758) Carcharhinidae 8 Carcharhinus galapagensis (Snodgrass & Heller, 1905) Carcharhinus longimanus (Poey, 1865) Galeocerdo cuvieri (Peron & Lesueur, 1822) Prionace glauca (Linnaeus, 1758) Sphyrna zygaena (Linnaeus, 1758) Order Lamniformes 9 Odontaspididae 9 Odontaspis ferox (Risso, 1810) Alopiidae 9 Alopias vulpinus (Bonnaterre, 1788) Cetorhinidae 10 Cetorhinus maximus (Gunnerus, 1765) Lamnidae 10 Carcharodon carcharias (Linnaeus, 1758) Isurus oxyrinchus Rafinesque, 1810 Lamna nasus (Bonnaterre, 1788) v Order Hexanchiformes 11 Hexanchidae 11 Heptranchias perlo (Bonnaterre, 1788) Hexanchus griseus (Bonnaterre, 1788) Order Squaliformes 11 Dalatiidae 11 Centroscymnus coelolepis Bocage & Capello, 1864 Centroscymnus crepidater (Bocage & Capello, 1864) Centroscymnus cryptacanthus Regan, 1906 Dalatias licha (Bonnaterre, 1788) Etmopterus princeps Collett, 1904 Etmopterus pusillus (Lowe, 1839) Etmopterus spinax (Linnaeus, 1758) Oxynotus paradoxus Frade, 1929 Scymnodalatias garricki Kukuyev & Konovalenko, 1988 Squaliolus laticaudus Smith & Radcliffe, 1912 Centrophoridae 13 Centrophorus granulosus (Schneider, 1801) Centrophorus squamosus (Bonnaterre, 1788) Deania calceus (Lowe, 1839) Deania profundorum (Smith & Ratcliffe, 1912) Order Rajiformes 14 Torpedinidae 14 Torpedo (Tetronarce) nobiliana Bonaparte, 1835 Rajidae 14 Raja (Leucoraja) fullonica Linnaeus, 1758 Raja (Raja) brachyura Lafont, 1873 Raja (Raja) clavata Linnaeus, 1758 Raja (Raja) maderensis Lowe, 1839 Raja (Rajella) bigelowi Stehmann, 1978 Dasyatidae 15 Dasyatis pastinaca (Linnaeus, 1758) Dasyatis violacea (Bonaparte, 1832) Taeniura grabata (Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1817) Myliobatidae 16 Manta birostris (Donndorff, 1798) Mobula mobular (Bonnaterre, 1788) Myliobatis aquila (Linnaeus, 1758) vi Class Actinopterygii 17 Order Albuliformes 17 Halosauridae 17 Aldrovandia phalacra (Vaillant, 1888) Halosauropsis macrochir (Günther, 1878) Halosaurus johnsonianus Vaillant, 1888 Halosaurus ovenii Johnson, 1863 Notacanthidae 18 Polyacanthonotus rissoanus (Filippi & Verany, 1859) Order Anguilliformes 18 Anguillidae 18 Anguilla anguilla (Linnaeus, 1758) Chlopsidae 18 Chlopsis bicolor Rafinesque, 1810 Muraenidae 19 Anarchias euryurus Lea, 1913 Enchelycore anatina (Lowe, 1841) Gymnothorax unicolor (Delaroche, 1809) Muraena augusti (Kaup, 1856) Muraena helena Linnaeus, 1758 Synaphobranchidae 20 Ilyophis blachei Saldanha & Merrett, 1982 Histiobranchus bathybius (Günther, 1877) Simenchelys parasitica Goode & Bean, 1879 Synaphobranchus kaupi Johnson, 1862 Ophichthidae 21 Apterichthus caecus (Linnaeus, 1758) Derichthyidae 21 Derichthys serpentinus Gill, 1844 Nemichthyidae 21 Avocettina infans (Günther, 1878) Nemichthys curvirostris (Stromman, 1896) Nemichthys scolopaceus Richardson, 1848 Congridae 22 Ariosoma balearicum (Delaroche, 1809) Conger conger ([Artedi, 1738] Linnaeus, 1758) Paraconger macrops (Günther, 1870) Pseudophichthys splendens (Lea, 1913) Nettastomatidae 23 Facciolella oxyrhyncha (Bellotti, 1883) Nettastoma melanurum Rafinesque, 1810 vii Serrivomeridae 24 Serrivomer beani Gill & Ryder, 1884 Serrivomer lanceolatoides (Schmidt, 1916) Order Saccopharyngiformes 25 Cyematidae 25 Cyema atrum Günther, 1878 Saccopharyngidae 25 Saccopharynx ampullaceus (Harwood, 1827) Eurypharyngidae 25 Eurypharynx pelecanoides Vaillant, 1882 Order Clupeiformes 25 Clupeidae 25 Sardina pilchardus (Walbaum, 1792) Order Osmeriformes 25 Microstomatidae 25 Microstoma microstoma (Risso, 1810) Bathylagidae 26 Bathylagus bericoides (Borodin, 1929) Bathylagus greyae Cohen, 1958 Opisthoproctidae 26 Opisthoproctus grimaldii Zugmayer, 1911 Opisthoproctus soleatus Vaillant, 1888 Alepocephalidae 26 Alepocephalus rostratus Risso, 1820 Bajacalifornia megalops (Lütken, 1898) Bathylaco nigricans Goode & Bean, 1896 Bathytroctes microlepis Günther, 1878 Bellocia koefoedi (Parr, 1951) Conocara fiolenti Sazanov & Ivanov, 1979 Conocara macroptera (Vaillant, 1888) Conocara murrayi (Koefoed, 1927) Einara edentula (Alcock, 1892) Herwigia kreffti (Nielsen & Larsen, 1970) Photostylus pycnopterus Beebe, 1933 Rouleina attrita (Vaillant, 1888) Talismania mekistonema Sulak, 1975 Xenodermichthys copei (Gill, 1884) Platytroctidae 29 Normichthys operosus Parr, 1951 Searsia koefoedi Parr, 1937 Order Stomiiformes 29 Gonostomatidae 29 Bonapartia pedaliota Goode & Bean, 1896 viii Cyclothone alba Brauer, 1906 Cyclothone braueri Jespersen & Tåning, 1926 Cyclothone livida Brauer, 1902 Cyclothone microdon Günther, 1878 Cyclothone pallida Brauer, 1902 Cyclothone pseudopallida Muckacheva, 1964 Diplophos taenia Günther, 1873 Gonostoma bathyphilum (Vaillant, 1888) Gonostoma denudatum Rafinesque, 1810 Gonostoma elongatum Günther, 1878 Margrethia obtusirostra Jespersen & Tåning, 1919 Sternoptychidae 31 Argyropelecus aculeatus Valenciennes, 1849 Argyropelecus gigas Norman, 1930 Argyropelecus hemigymnus (Cocco, 1829) Argyropelecus olfersi (Cuvier, 1829) Maurolicus amethystinopunctatus Cocco, 1838 Maurolicus muelleri (Gmelin, 1789) Sternoptyx diaphana Hermann, 1781 Sternoptyx pseudobscura Baird, 1971 Valenciennellus tripunctulatus (Esmark, 1871) Photichthyidae 33 Ichthyococcus ovatus Cocco, 1838 Vinciguerria attenuata (Cocco, 1838) Vinciguerria nimbaria (Jordan & Williams, 1895) Vinciguerria poweriae (Cocco, 1838) Stomiidae 34 Aristostomias tittmanni Welsh, 1923 Astronesthes gemmifer Goode & Bean, 1896 Astronesthes micropogon Goodyear & Gibbs, 1970 Astronesthes neopogon Regan & Trewavas, 1929 Astronesthes niger Richardson, 1844 Bathophilus nigerrimus Giglioli, 1884 Bathophilus vaillanti (Zugmayer, 1911) Chauliodus danae Regan & Trewavas, 1929 Chauliodus sloani Schneider, 1801 Chirostomias pliopterus (Regan y Trewavas, 1930) Eustomias furcifer Regan & Trewavas, 1930 Eustomias macrurus Regan & Trewavas, 1930 Eustomias obscurus Vaillant, 1888 Flagellostomias boureei (Zugmayer, 1913) Idiacanthus fasciola Peters, 1877 Leptostomias gladiator (Zugmayer, 1911) Malacosteus niger Ayres, 1848 Melanostomias bartonbeani Parr, 1927 ix Melanostomias valdiviae Brauer, 1902 Photostomias guernei Collett, 1889 Photonectes braueri (Zugmayer, 1913) Photonectes margarita (Goode & Bean, 1896) Stomias boa ferox Reinhardt, 1843 Stomias brevibarbatus Ege, 1918 Trigonolampa miriceps Regan & Trewavas, 1930 Order Aulopiformes 38 Aulopodidae 38 Aulopus filamentosus (Bloch, 1792) Chlorophthalmidae 38 Chlorophthalmus agassizii Bonaparte, 1840 Ipnopidae 38 Bathypterois dubius Vaillant, 1888 Bathypterois grallator (Goode & Bean, 1886) Bathypterois longipes Günther, 1878 Bathypterois phenax Parr, 1928 Bathytyphlops sewelli (Norman, 1939) Scopelarchidae 39 Benthalbella infans Zugmayer, 1911 Scopelarchus analis (Brauer, 1902) Notosudidae 40 Ahliesaurus berryi Bertelsen, Krefft & Marshall, 1976 Scopelosaurus argenteus (Maul, 1954) Scopelosaurus lepidus (Krefft & Maul, 1955) Synodontidae 40 Bathysaurus ferox Günther, 1878 Bathysaurus mollis Günther, 1878 Synodus saurus (Linnaues, 1758) Paralepididae 41 Arctozenus rissoi (Bonaparte, 1840) Lestidiops affinis (Ege, 1930) Lestidiops jayakari (Boulenger, 1889) Lestidiops sphyrenoides (Risso, 1820) Macroparalepis affinis Ege, 1933 Paralepis atlantica atlantica. Krøyer, 1868 Paralepis coregonoides Risso, 1820 Paralepis speciosa Bellotti, 1878 Sudis hyalina Rafinesque, 1810 Uncisudis quadrimaculata (Post, 1969) Anotopteridae 43 Anotopterus pharao Zugmayer, 1911 x