Master's Thesis

Master's Thesis

MASTER'S THESIS Virtual Packaging of Parts Development of a E-course and Packing Logistics Siar Cicek 2015 Master of Science in Engineering Technology Mechanical Engineering Luleå University of Technology Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics Acknowledgement First of all I want to thank my family and friends who supported me through this whole project, I want also thank my supervisor Torbjörn Ilar at Luleå University of Technology without your teaching in different courses this project would been very difficult to do. I want also thank my supervisors at Scania: Lars Hanson, Franz Achieng Waker, Peter Lööv and Pär Mårtensson without yours expertise this projects wouldn’t be possible. I want to also thank all packing engineers that have given me tremendous amount of knowledge: Carl Malmgren, Mats Ahrin, Tom Varis, Jan Larsson, Benny Quist, and Ingemar Pihlblad. I want also thank the E-course developers at Scania: Carolina Munoz Jara, Marwan Alper and Matilda Rogstedt without your help it would be difficult to make an E-course. Last I want to thank everyone at the department Global Industrial Development for the support and advises. Södertälje, 2015-11-27. Siar Cicek Abstract This thesis is about educating the packing engineers at Scania to their best potential. The education is made by developing an E-course adapted specially for the packing engineers at Scania. Content of the E-course was defined through analysis of literature, science articles and interviews with the packing engineers it was also decided from analysis. Reason why the packing engineers needed this education is because the packing engineers decisions has a big impact on the company. So it is therefore important that the packing engineers consider different parameters when deciding how the final package should look. One way to improve the packing engineers work is by the virtual packing software Pack-Assistant which is used to pack CAD-files, which is much more quicker then manual packing and efficient. The main purpose with this thesis is to investigate which parameters has to be taken in to consideration for the most efficient packing (and what is efficient from different perspectives). How do packaging influence logistic and vice versa and how to adapt the E- course in the most optimal way. The projects main purpose was to study different E-course educational methods, analysis of how Pack-Assistant works, observation of packages in Scania, experiments was conducted to see how real packages differ when the same parts was simulated in Pack-Assistant. Where it was concluded that Pack-Assistant was a more pack efficient for the majority of the tested parts. From the comparison it was also concluded that Scania could save 13 % of their freight cost, container cost and internal handling cost just from packing in Pack-Assistant. One other major result from the analysis is that packing engineers prefer to pack the number of parts with even “nice” numbers like 10, 20, 50, 100, etc. Which is a great problem economically for Scania, sometimes it is more efficient to pack with 11 parts instead of 10 parts. It was also observed how the setting in Pack-Assistant had for effect on the packing and also in which circumstances to use the different packing structures in the software. When the course was finish the main subjects is The packaging working process, number of parts in the package, package handle ability and packing structure. The course consist of two parts: Part 1: Which different parameters to consider in the making of packing instructions. Part 2: How to use the software Pack-Assistant and what in the software is of great importance for the packing engineer at Scania. Sammanfattning Denna avhandling handlar om att utbilda förpacknings ingenjörer på Scania till sin bästa potential. Utbildningen sker genom att utveckla en E-kurs anpassad speciellt för förpackningsingenjörer inom Scania. Innehållet i E-kursen definierades genom analys av litteratur, vetenskapliga artiklar och intervjuer med förpackningsingenjörer och från analysen. Anledningen till att förpacknings ingenjörerna behöver utbildningen beror på att deras olika beslut har en stor inverkan på företaget. Så det är därför viktigt att förpackningsingenjörer tar hänsyn till olika parametrar vid beslut om hur den slutliga förpackningen ska se ut. Ett sätt att förbättra förpackningsingenjörer arbete är av den virtuella förpackningsprogramvaran Pack- Assistant som används för att packa CAD-filer, vilket är mycket snabbare sedan manuell packning och effektiv. Huvudsyftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka vilka parametrar måste tas i beaktande för den mest effektiva packningen (och vad som är effektivt ur olika perspektiv). Hur påverkar förpackningar logistik och vice versa och hur anpassar man en E-kursen på det mest optimala sättet. Projektets huvudsyfte var att studera olika E-kursutlärningsmetoder, analys av hur Pack- Assistant fungerar, observationer av förpackningar på Scania, experiment gjordes för att se hur observerade förpackningar skiljer sig när samma delar simulerades i Pack-Assistant. Där det konstaterades att Pack-Assistant var mer pack effektivt för de flesta av de testade artiklarna. Från jämförelse så kunde också slutsatsen dras att Scania skulle kunna spara 13% av sin fraktkostnaden, container kostnader och interna kostnadshantering bara från att bara använda Pack-Assistant. Ett annat viktigt resultat från analysen är att förpacknings ingenjörer föredrar att packa antalet artiklar med jämna "fina" siffror som 10, 20, 50, 100, etc. Vilket är ett stort problem ekonomiskt för Scania, ibland är det mer effektivt att pack med 11 artiklar istället för 10 artiklar. Det observerades också hur inställningen i Pack-Assistant hade för effekt på förpackningen och även under vilka omständigheter man ska använda de olika förpackningsstrukturer i programvaran. När kursen var klar så var de viktigaste kategorierna: arbetsprocess vid förpackning, antal artiklar i paketet, paketet hanterbarhet och förpackningsstruktur. Kursen består av två delar: Del 1: Vilka olika parametrar att beakta vid skapandet av förpackningsinstruktioner. Del 2: Hur man använder programvaran Pack-Assistant och vad i mjukvaran är av stor betydelse för förpackningsingenjör på Scania. E-kursen var också granskad av vissa förpackningsingenjörer och alla gillade kursen väldigt mycket! Contents 1.0 Background ................................................................................................................................... 2 1.1 The Problems ...................................................................................................................... 3 1.2 Purpose ..................................................................................................................................... 4 1.3 Delimitations ............................................................................................................................. 4 1.4 Disposition ................................................................................................................................ 4 2.0 Theory .......................................................................................................................................... 6 2.1 Packaging .................................................................................................................................. 6 2.2 Logistics .................................................................................................................................... 8 2.3 Packing-logistics ........................................................................................................................ 9 2.4 Product development processes.............................................................................................. 11 2.5 Product Quality ....................................................................................................................... 12 2.6 Package handle ability ............................................................................................................. 13 2.7 Number of parts in container .................................................................................................. 15 2.7.1 Economic order Quantity .................................................................................................. 15 2.7.2 Distance to supplier .......................................................................................................... 15 2.8 Part considerations: ................................................................................................................ 16 2.8.1 Volume-to-Weight ratio.................................................................................................... 16 2.8.2 Value-to-Weight Ratio ...................................................................................................... 16 2.9.0 logistic costs ......................................................................................................................... 16 2.9.1 Inventory costs ................................................................................................................. 16 2.9.2 Transportation methods and costs ................................................................................... 17 2.10 E-learning .............................................................................................................................. 19 2.10.1 Delivery strategies .........................................................................................................

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