Environment and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Summary Report Public Disclosure Authorized Tamil Nadu Road Sector Project – II (Roads Under Additional Financing) Public Disclosure Authorized Highways Department (Government of Tamil Nadu) January 29, 2020 Table of Contents 1 Introduction ...................................................................................... 1 2 TNRSP – II Project Roads (Package 6) ......................................................... 4 2.1 Project Inventory ......................................................................... 4 2.2 Proposed Interventions ................................................................. 30 3 Purpose of the ESIA ............................................................................ 35 3.1 The approach followed for conducting ESIA study .................................. 35 4 Regulatory Requirements...................................................................... 37 4.1 World Bank safeguard/ Operational policies ........................................ 37 4.2 Environmental Rules and Regulations ................................................ 38 4.3 Environmental Regulatory Clearance Requirements ............................... 41 5 Description of the Environment .............................................................. 43 5.1 Physical Environment ................................................................... 43 5.2 Biological Environment ................................................................. 57 5.3 Social Environment ...................................................................... 61 6 Analysis of Alternatives ........................................................................ 63 6.1 With and Without project alternatives ............................................... 63 6.2 Highway design alternatives ........................................................... 64 6.2.1 Realignment Alternatives ............................................................ 64 7 Potential Environmental and Social Impacts and Mitigation Measures.................. 66 7.1 Environmental Impact Assessment .................................................... 66 7.2 Social Impact Assessment .............................................................. 72 8 Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) ...................................... 81 9 Public Consultation/ Focus Group Discussion .............................................. 99 10 Implementation of ESMP and RAP .......................................................... 108 11 Grievance Redressal Committee (GRC) .................................................... 108 12 Environmental Monitoring Plan ............................................................. 109 12.1 Performance Indicators ............................................................... 109 12.2 Reporting System ...................................................................... 110 13 ESMP Budget ................................................................................... 111 14 Conclusion and Recommendations ......................................................... 111 List of Figures Figure 1: Location Map of Project Roads ............................................................ 3 Figure 2: Location Map of Omalur – Mecheri (SH 222) ............................................ 4 Figure 3: Location Map of Malliyakarai – Attur (SH 30) ........................................... 8 Figure 4: Location Map of Chithode to Erode (SH 15) ............................................ 11 Figure 5: Location Map of Kanchipuram – Cheyyar (SEZ) SH 116 ............................... 15 Figure 6: Location Map of Erode – Chennimalai (MDR 108) ...................................... 19 i Figure 7: Location Map of Ariyalur – Reddipalayam (SH 139) ................................... 23 Figure 8: Location Map of Arcot – Arni (SH 04) .................................................... 27 Figure 9: Annual Average Temperature ............................................................ 44 Figure 10: Annual Average Rainfall ................................................................. 44 Figure 11: Earthquake Hazard Map ................................................................. 45 Figure 12: Groundwater Level Map ................................................................. 49 Figure 13: Realignment Options for SH -222 ....................................................... 65 List of Tables Table 1: Phase – 1 Road under Package 6 ........................................................... 1 Table 2: Phase – 2 Roads under Package 6 .......................................................... 2 Table 3: Proposed Interventions .................................................................... 30 Table 4: Applicable World Bank Operational policies ............................................ 37 Table 5: Applicable Acts, Rules and Regulation .................................................. 38 Table 6: Environmental Clearance/ NoC/Permission for the Contractor ...................... 41 Table 7: Ambient Air Quality in the Project Corridors ........................................... 45 Table 8: Ambient Noise Levels in the Project Corridors ......................................... 46 Table 9: Soil Quality in the Project Corridors ..................................................... 48 Table 10: Surface Water Quality in the Project Corridors ....................................... 50 Table 11: Groundwater Quality in the Project Corridors ........................................ 50 Table 12: Bird species observed in the Project Roads ........................................... 60 Table 13: Bird Species Observed within the Vellode Bird Sanctuary ........................... 60 Table 14: Administrative Profile of the Project Area ............................................ 62 Table 15: Sensitive Receptors in the Project Corridors .......................................... 66 Table 16: Ribbon Development along the Project Corridors .................................... 70 Table 17: Project roads and ROW considered for social screening ............................. 72 Table 18: Category of the Affected Properties ................................................... 74 Table 19: Type of Construction of the Affected Properties ..................................... 75 Table 20: Extent of loss to the likely affected structures ....................................... 77 Table 21: Loss of livelihood .......................................................................... 78 Table 22: Social sensitivity and mitigation measures recommended .......................... 79 Table 23: Environmental and Social Management Plan .......................................... 82 Table 24: Performance Indicators for Project Implementation............................... 110 Annexure Annexure 1: Comparison of Alignment Alternatives for Omalur Realignment Annexure 2: Sensitive Receptors along the Project Corridors Annexure 3: Consultation Attendance Sheet ii List of Abbreviation CPCB : Central Pollution Control Board CoI : Corridor of Impact DEA : Department of Economic Affairs EAC : Expert Appraisal Committee EIA : Environmental Impact Assessment ESIA : Environmental and Social Impact Assessment ESMP : Environmental and Social Management Plan EMF : Environmental management Framework EMP : Environmental management Plan FSI : Forest Survey of India FGD : Focus Group Discussion DPR : Detailed Project Report GoTN : Government of Tamil Nadu GoI : Government of India GRC : Grievance Redressal Committee HTL : High Tension Line HH : House Hold LARRU : Land Acquisition Rehabilitation and Resettlement Unit MDR : Major District Road MoEF&CC : Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change MoRTH : Ministry of Road Transport and Highways NBWL : National Board for Wildlife OP : Operational Policies PIU : Project Implementation Unit PMU : Project Management Unit RoB : Rail over Bridge RAP : Resettlement Action Plan RPF : Resettlement Policy Framework RoW : Right of Way SEZ : Special Economic Zone SEIAA : State Environment Impact Assessment Authority SIA : Social Impact Assessment SIPCOT : State Industries Promotion Corporation of Tamil Nadu SH : State Highways TNRSP : Tamil Nadu Road Sector Project TNPCB : Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board ULB : Urban Local Body WFPR : Workforce participation rate iii Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) Summary Report for Roads under Additional Financing TNRSP 1 Introduction On successful completion of Tamil Nadu Road Sector Project Phase I (TNRSP I), which is a World Bank assisted Program, the GoTN has improved the State Highways for a length of about 1800 km under various improvement programs such as upgradation, enhanced periodical maintenance, performance-based maintenance, and Public-Private Partnership, etc. The GoTN is currently undertaking the second phase of works namely Tamil Nadu Road Sector Project II (TNRSP II). The total cost of the project is Rs 8500 Crores approximately. The TNRSP II shall cover upgradation, maintenance, and improvement of the identified core road network. Accordingly, Tamil Nadu Road Sector Project – II (TNRSP-II), GoTN had already completed project preparation of roads through selected Consultants, and improvement works are being carried out under TNRSPII. Likewise, Tamil Nadu Road Sector Project (TNRSP) have decided to implement upgrading works on a further package of roads (Roads under additional financing).