8th ASIAN ACADEMIC SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE (E-12) TRADITIONAL HOMECOMING MELODY (STUDY CASE: JATINEGARA AND CIREBON RAILWAY STATION) Otniel Sinaga1, Farhan Nuruzzaman1, Akmal Aldino1, Hidayati1 1Faculty of Humanities. Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia Corresponding author’s email: [email protected] ABSTRACT The song is an aesthetic expression of humanity. The song can be used as a tool of expression, morale, and an ethnicity's identity. In Indonesia, the traditional song was an essential tool of expression. Melody can be used as a medium of expression. Besides, it can also be some medicine. According to plos one, music beneficially impacts health, such as reducing stress or mental health illness. This paper discusses and focuses on the usage of the traditional song according to psychological and cultural approaches. Besides that, this paper also discusses the value and meaning of the traditional song played in a railway station, which impacts people who depart or arrive at the railway station. We choose Jatinegara and Railway Station for our research using the traditional song as a homecoming melody. Keyword: Railway Station, Traditional, Song, Melody INTRODUCTION Music was the essentials thing of humankind; it was as old as the human civilization itself. The music itself from the research was first recorded from Homo Heidelbergensis. We can know that Homo Heidelbergensis can make simple music from their vocal and sounds techniques from their time. The following steps of music development were Homo Neandhertalensis. They can make simple musical tools from bones that are called a flute. Research nowadays showing us that music has connectivity with our mental health and Psychology. Music therapy had significantly improved self-esteem and reduced stress depression. It can be a medicine for the mood of the person who discourages mental and healing psychology in our disruptive era. Some Melody or Music can we use in our public room such as Railway station, public waiting room, and other places. However, in this case, we will choose the train station because many people surround it. For Indonesia's case, the music was very diverse, and it also contains the heritage of the regions from which the music came from. This type of music was known as folk songs, or it can be called traditional songs and many distinct functions; it represented the tradition where the music came from and represented how the conditions of the society of the music originated. Traditional music also has functions for counterhegemonic for the traditions that came from the outside of the society and make stronger the identity of the people who own the traditional songs itself. From the definitions themselves, the traditional music had lyric and melody patterns sensitive to specific ethnicities and certain regions. Moreover, talked about the local life dynamics 8th ASIAN ACADEMIC SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE for particular ethnic and also some specific regions. If we put this for the bell of the railway station, we can make the people have a sense of belonging and missings for its hometown. METHODS The method that we use in this study is the qualitative method. This qualitative method is an approach to study some natural objects. This method is also used as an approach of some phenomenon studies. The Qualitative method requires various data sources such as literature review, observation, or some questionnaires. This method also requires theory to support the research's hypothesis to get some results and conclusions of the problem in this study. In this case, we use a psychological and cultural approach using the theory of culture in music cognition. It refers to the study of musical thinking. In simple terms, music cognition is the study used to research and understand the mental process of music, including creating, performing, or listening to music. Moreover, there is a cultural term in this cognition. As the basis of humankind, culture has its values in human cognition. One of those values is in music cognition. According to that, The impacts of culture in music cognition are about the preferences, emotional, and memory recognition. LITERATURE REVIEW The Birth of Traditional Music in Indonesia Before The Entry of Hinduism-Buddhism In this period, music was used as a ritual activity or community activity. In this, the sound of music produced comes from primitive instrumental and used the surrounding natural resources around vocal in singing the song. Hindu-Buddhist Influence At this time, there was an increment of music development (especially in the area around the kingdom). At that time, music did not only function as part of religious rituals or ceremonies; music began to be used for entertainment, such as entertaining the royal family and the king's guests, like a gamelan instrument. Influence of Islam Apart from conducting trade interactions and spreading the religion of Islam. Arab traders introduced musical instruments such as the lute and Urbana. This interaction has led to many orchestras in various places in Indonesia. Europe Colonialism The entry of Western nations to Indonesia also significantly influenced the development of traditional music in Indonesia. Their arrival in Indonesia introduced musical instruments from their home countries, such as the violin, cello, guitar, flute, and ukulele. Such as bringing a solmization system in various song works. The arrival of western influences brought about the development of 8th ASIAN ACADEMIC SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE modern Indonesian music. They were bringing Indonesian musicians to create musical performances, which are a mix of western music and Indonesian music. Modern period Along with the entry of electronic media into Indonesia, various types of western music, such as pop, jazz, blues, rock, and R&B, also entered. Likewise, with Indian country music, which is widely carried through his films. From this development, there was a combination of foreign music with Indonesian music. Indian music is mixed with Malay music to produce a type of dangdut music. Thus, various Indonesian pop, jazz, blues, rock, and R&B musicians emerged. Also developed a type of music that combines elements of Indonesian regionalism with elements of western music, especially musical instruments. This type of music is often called ethnic music. Dimensions of traditional music and community life Music in understanding as a work of art is a human expression of its environment. Human response interacts with various sides of life, either in response to pleasure, joy, or sadness and concern. This interaction processes emotions and feelings in musical expressions that are sung through traditional musical instruments that can manifest sounds that are considered to represent the depth of their taste. The dynamics depend on the urge to create humans and the availability of equipment in their environment so that each region produces musical instruments with different peculiarities. Of course, this depends on the technical touch presented by a more modern environment, but it comes from the uniqueness. Pride in the profession of a region encourages the birth of musical expressions that reinforce this pride. Likewise, sadness, bitterness, or concern are expressed in music with dimensions of grief, sadness, or other emotions. Various dimensions go through the taste selection process, which can only be felt whether it is sad or happy. It is where the importance of feeling, which is the source of the birth of music, further processing this feeling in the form of music gives the nuances of a community and can reflect beautiful and positive things in people's lives. The beauty of music as a reflection of the beauty of human taste can encourage and inspire bigger things from human life regarding human culture and civilization. It can trigger the birth of great works that can change the world and calm the turmoil of life to become more apparent, calm, and stable. Expressions of beauty and deep taste are born from a soul who hopes for a beautiful life in the future. Music is born from a beautiful creation, that beauty can activate one's imagination against the image of the beauty that will come; this is the turning point for everyone to manifest people in their hopes with pride that is sung by music, a community can continue to nurture and strengthen their identity. Not easily swayed by the invasion of Pop culture. This form then gives birth to the character of a nation that can fulfill the beauty of the colorful life of the world. Many dimensions of life depart from the musical dimension. A large civilization tends to produce large-scale music and touches the sense of beauty between communities or even between nations. Likewise, traditional music born from a deep sense can penetrate a more open stage and become more national and modern. The point that brings music together is the depth of taste that is processed into music and can make a meeting point between the person and the human soul. 8th ASIAN ACADEMIC SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE Recently, much traditional music has inspired charcoal seman or global instrumentally music. So the problem is that in the global world, music born from any scope can be met by the beauty and depth of the taste itself. Music and Identity Recently, many music colors were composed of various color sources, both local and global. This is because of the desire to meet the needs and the increasing number of modern musical instruments that can change various colors according to the desired taste. On-street corners, you can find many musical instruments made from bamboo (angklung) and followed by drums and others to reflect the sound of street children's typical music, which sounds more dynamic. Likewise, at the railway station, even the bus terminal at the port and airport, there were also simple musical instruments played by someone and in cement charcoal according to the musician's desire.