Contents VICTORIAN HISTORICAL JOURNAL VOLUME 90, NUMBER 2, DECEMBER 2019 ROYAL HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF VICTORIA CLICK TO CONTENTS Contents VICTORIAN HISTORICAL JOURNAL Contents ROYAL HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF VICTORIA The Victorian Historical Journal has been published continuously by the Royal Historical Society of Victoria since 1911. It is a double-blind refereed journal issuing original and previously unpublished scholarly articles on Victorian history, or occasionally on Australian history where it illuminates Victorian history. It is published twice yearly by the Publications Committee; overseen by an Editorial Board; and indexed by Scopus and the Web of Science. It is available in digital and hard copy. https://www.historyvictoria.org.au/publications/victorian-historical-journal/. The Victorian Historical Journal is a part of RHSV membership: https://www. historyvictoria.org.au/membership/become-a-member/ EDITORS Richard Broome and Judith Smart EDITORIAL BOARD OF THE VICTORIAN HISTORICAL JOURNAL Emeritus Professor Graeme Davison AO, FAHA, FASSA, FFAHA, Sir John Monash Distinguished Professor, Monash University (Chair) https://research.monash.edu/en/persons/graeme-davison Emeritus Professor Richard Broome, FAHA, FRHSV, Department of Archaeology and History, La Trobe University and President of the Royal Historical Society of Victoria Co-editor Victorian Historical Journal https://scholars.latrobe.edu.au/display/rlbroome Associate Professor Kat Ellinghaus, Department of Archaeology and History, La Trobe University https://scholars.latrobe.edu.au/display/kellinghaus Professor Katie Holmes, FASSA, Director, Centre for the Study of the Inland, La Trobe University https://scholars.latrobe.edu.au/display/kbholmes Professor Emerita Marian Quartly, FFAHS, Monash University https://research.monash.edu/en/persons/marian-quartly Professor Andrew May, Department of Historical and Philosophical Studies, University of Melbourne https://www.findanexpert.unimelb.edu.au/display/person13351 Emeritus Professor John Rickard, FAHA, FRHSV, Monash University https://research.monash.edu/en/persons/john-rickard Hon. Assoc. Professor Judith Smart, FRHSV, RMIT University https://www.rmit.edu.au/contact/staff-contacts/academic-staff/s/smart-adjunct- professor-judith Dr Bart Ziino, Senior Lecturer in History, Deakin University https://www.deakin.edu.au/about-deakin/people/bart-ziino PUBLICATIONS COMMITTEE OF THE ROYAL HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF VICTORIA Richard Broome (Convenor); Jill Barnard; Rozzi Bazzani; Sharon Betridge (Editor, History News); Marilyn Bowler; Marie Clark; Jonathan Craig (Reviews Editor VHJ); John Rickard; Judith Smart, Lee Sulkowska; Carole Woods. Contents How to become a patron of the Victorian Historical Journal The RHSV invites you to become a patron of the journal to guarantee its future for the next 100 years. Annually $250 $500 $1,000 Annually for the following periods I year 3 years 5 years (The RHSV is a tax-deductible entity and all contributions from patrons will be tax deductible) Please reply with your preferred pledge to Richard Broome, Chair of the Publications Committee, on [email protected] and you will be contacted regarding payment. If you are unable to become a patron at this time, please consider an RHSV membership: see http://www.historyvictoria.org.au/ and choose the membership button on the service bar. CURRENT PATRONS Emeritus Professor Richard Broome, La Trobe University Robert Buntine Jonathan Craig Emeritus Professor Graeme Davison AO, Monash University Jim Dixon Dr John Dwyer QC Professor Katie Holmes, La Trobe University Associate Professor Renate Howe AM, Deakin University Professor Brian Howe AO, University of Melbourne Dr Murray Johns Professor Stuart Macintyre AO, University of Melbourne Maria Myers His Honour Paul R. Mullaly QC Dr Gary Presland Emeritus Professor John Rickard Professor Lynette Russell AM, Monash University Stephen Shelmerdine AM Hon. Associate Professor Judith Smart, RMIT University Carole Woods Contents The John Adams Prize To honour John D. Adams (1935–2015) FRHSV, Councillor (1966– 2005), and to use his bequest of $10,000 to the RHSV in an appropriate manner, the RHSV has created a biennial prize. Since John Adams, a lecturer in Librarianship at RMIT for 27 years, was also the honorary indexer of the Victorian Historical Journal, indexing it for the years 1954–2013, the prize will be for the best article or historical note in the journal over a two-year period, commencing with Issues 287–290 (2017 and 2018). The following terms apply to the prize: • This biennial prize will be awarded for the best article or historical note on Victorian history in the four VHJ issues over two calendar years, beginning 2017–18. • The prize will be awarded for an article or historical note that illuminates a significant element of Victoria’s history, is clearly and succinctly written, and is researched from original material. • Members of the RHSV Publications Committee are ineligible for the award. • The prize offered from the Adams bequest is $300 and three years’ free membership of the RHSV, which includes hard copies of the VHJ. • A short list of five articles will be compiled by the VHJ editors active in the prize period. • Short-listing will occur at the end of each two-year period, beginning in December 2018. • Two judges will be chosen by the Publications Committee from academic and community historians and will report to the Committee by the following April. • The John Adams Prize will be presented biennially at the RHSV AGM following its judging and will be announced in the ensuing June issues of the VHJ and History News. Richard Broome, Chair, RHSV Publications Committee Contents John Adams Prize Winners 2017–18 Nicola Cousen, ‘The Legend of Lalor’s Arm: Eureka Myths and Colonial Surgery’, Victorian Historical Journal, vol. 88, no. 2, November 2017, pp. 212–34. Enhance your next book with an Index by Terri Mackenzie Professional Back of Book Indexer Member of Australian and New Zealand Society of Indexers Honorary Victorian Historical Journal Indexer [email protected] [email protected] Contents VICTORIAN HISTORICAL JOURNAL ISSUE 292 VOLUME 90, NUMBER 2 DECEMBER 2019 Royal Historical Society of Victoria Contents Victorian Historical Journal Published by the Royal Historical Society of Victoria 239 A’Beckett Street Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia Telephone: 03 9326 9288 Fax: 03 9326 9477 Email: [email protected] www.historyvictoria.org.au Copyright © the authors and the Royal Historical Society of Victoria 2019 All material appearing in this publication is copyright and cannot be reproduced without the written permission of the publisher and the relevant author. Design: Janet Boschen, Boschen Design Desktop Production: Centreforce Printer: Focus Print Group Print Post Approved: PP349181/00159 ISSN 1030 7710 The Royal Historical Society of Victoria acknowledges the support of the Victorian Government though Creative Victoria—Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources. Front cover: Weston Bate protesting on Dendy Street Beach, September 2016. Photograph Jason South (Courtesy The Age) Contents VICTORIAN HISTORICAL JOURNAL VOLUME 90, NUMBER 2 DECEMBER 2019 ARTICLES Introduction 185 Judith Smart and Richard Broome History in the Round: The Evolving Role of Heritage Conservation—Taking 189 History to the People Simon R. Molesworth Making History by Saving It: The Second Weston Bate Oration 211 Kristin Stegley Cremorne Gardens, Gold-rush Melbourne, and the Victorian-era Pleasure 219 Garden, 1853–63 James Lesh The Swordsman’s Tale: The True Story of Robert Meikle and 253 The Fencer’s Manual Andrew Lemon Happy Valley Road and the Victoria Hill District: A Microhistory of a Victorian 271 Gold-mining Community, 1854–1913 Charles Fahey ‘Where are the others?’ Victoria’s Forgotten 1926 Bushfires 301 John Schauble Contents HISTORICAL NOTES John Norcock’s Voyage to Australia on HMS Rattlesnake between 319 1835 and 1837, and his Reflections on Early Port Phillip Anne Marsden Expedition Deceit: The Fabulists Who Claimed an Association with the Burke 335 and Wills Expedition Ian D. Clark Ferdinand von Mueller in the Victorian Grampians 353 Benjamin Wilkie The Impact of Religion on Eva West, Trailblazer in Local Government and 361 Accounting Jennifer Hammett Conscientious Objectors: The Vietnam War Years 373 Geoffrey A. Sandy REVIEWS Cold War Games: Spies, Subterfuge and Secret Operations at the 1956 393 Olympic Games. By Harry Blutstein Carolyn Holbrook Black Snake: The Real Story of Ned Kelly. By Leo Kennedy with Mic Looby 395 David Andrew Roberts Aboriginal People and Australian Football in the Nineteenth Century: They Did 398 Not Come from Nowhere. By Roy Hay Peter Burke The Church on Bakery Hill: St Paul’s Ballarat and its Place in the Community.400 By Anne Doggett Charles Fahey Jean Berthe: The Quiet Frenchman. By Sandra A. Hargreaves 402 Lucas Jordan Aboriginal Biocultural Knowledge in South Eastern Australia: Perspectives 405 of Early Colonists. By Fred Cahir, Ian D. Clark and Philip A. Clarke Lynette Russell Tragedy and Triumph: Early Testimonies of Jewish Survivors of World War II. 407 Compiled and translated by Freda Hodge Jan Láníček Contents The Welsh on Victoria’s Central Goldfields: A Dictionary of Biography. 409 By Peter Griffiths Charles Fahey A Second Chance: The Making of Yiddish Melbourne. 411 By Margaret Taft and Andrew Markus Suzanne D. Rutland Scotland to Australia Felix: Founding Scots of Victoria’s Camperdown District.413 By Camperdown