US 2016O166687A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2016/0166687 A1 Schultz et al. (43) Pub. Date: Jun. 16, 2016 (54) DIRECTED DIFFERENTATION OF Publication Classification OLGODENIDROCYTE PRECURSORCELLS TO A MYELINATING CELL FATE (51) Int. Cl. A 6LX39/395 (2006.01) (71) Applicants: The Scripps Research Institute, La A613 L/35 (2006.01) Jolla, CA (US); IRM LLC, Hamilton A638/2I (2006.01) (BM) A63/545 (2006.01) A63/37 (2006.01) (72) Inventors: Peter Schultz, La Jolla, CA (US); Luke A613 L/439 (2006.01) Lairson, San Diego, CA (US); Vishal A613 L/40 (2006.01) Deshmukh, La Jolla, CA (US); Costas (52) U.S. Cl. Lyssiotis, Boston, MA (US) CPC ........... A61K.39/3955 (2013.01); A61K3I/439 (2013.01); A61 K3I/135 (2013.01); A61 K 31/40 (2013.01); A61 K31/5415 (2013.01); (21) Appl. No.: 14/973,105 A6 IK3I/137 (2013.01); A61 K38/215 (2013.01) (22) Filed: Dec. 17, 2015 (57) ABSTRACT The present invention provides methods of inducing differ entiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells to a mature Related U.S. Application Data myelinating cell fate with a neurotransmitter receptor modu lating agent. The present invention also provides methods of (62) Division of application No. 13/985,342, filed on Oct. stimulating increased myelination in a Subject in need thereof 18, 2013, filed as application No. PCT/US2012/ by administering said neurotransmitter receptor modulating 025712 on Feb. 17, 2012. agent. Methods of treating a subject having a demyelinating (60) Provisional application No. 61/444,666, filed on Feb. disease using a neurotransmitter receptor modulating agent 18, 2011. are also provided. 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