THE JOURNAL OF THE MUSIC ACADEMY MADRAS DEVOTED TO THE ADVANCEMENT OF THE SCIENCE AND ART OF MUSIC Vol. LII 1981 a* ftsrfa arcs n 4*I dwell not in Vaikuntha, nor in the hearts of Yogins nor in the Sun: (but) where my bhaktas sing, there be I, Narada! ” Edited by T. S. PARTHASARAIHY 1981 The Music Academy Madras 306, Mowbray’s Road, Madras - 600 014 Annual Subscription - Inland - Rs. 15: Foreign $ 3.00 OURSELVES This Journal is published as an Annual. All correspondence relating to the Journal should be addressed and all books etc., intended for it should be sent to The Editor, Journal of the Music Academy, 306, Mowbray’s Roadt Madras-600014. Articles on music and dance are accepted for publication on the understanding that they are contributed solely to the Journal of the Music Academy. Manuscripts should be legibly written or, preferably, type-* written (double-spaced and on one side of the paper only) and should be signed by the writer (giving his address in full). The Editor of the Journal is not responsible for the views ex­ pressed by contributors in their articles. JOURNAL COMMITTEE OF THE MUSIC ACADEMY 1. Sri T. S. Parthasarathy Editor (and Secretary, Music Academy) 2. „ T. V. Rajagopalan — Trustee 3. „ S. Ramaswamy — Executive Trustee 4. „ Sandhyavandanam Sreenivasa Rao — Member 5. „ S. Ramanathan — Member 6. „ S. Natarajan Secretaries of the Music 7. „ R. Ranganathan Academy, Ex-officio 8. ,, T. S. Rangarajan members. & CONTENTS PAGE The 54th Annual Conference of the Music Academy, Madras : Official R eport: 1 Meetings of the Experts’ Committee 29 The Sadas 45 Sama Veda and Sangita P. K. Rajagopala Aiyar 62 Appreciation of Music T. V. Rajagopalan 72 The Challenging Technique of Veena Play Padma Varadan 79 The Utsava Prabandha of Svati Tirunal Dr. »S'. Venkitasubramonia Iyer — 89 A Pilot Project in Music Therapy T. Temple Tuttle — 105 Inscriptions in Tamil Nadu Relating to Dance Dr. Padma Subrahmanyam — 122 The Ragas of Karnatak Music T. S. Parthasarathy — 133 Hari Kathayil Sangita Vadivangal (Tamil) Embar S. Vijayaragavachariar I J>a. -J — 142 A Western Musicologist on Sri Tyagaraja William J. Jackson — 153 The Contribution of Sitar to Hindustani Music Indrani Chakravarti — 159 Sangita Sarvartha Sara Sangrahamu Savithri Rajan with Michael Nixon — 169 IV THE JOURNAL OF THE MADRAS MUSIC ACADEMY Variety in Upaanga Raagas of Karnatak Music Bangalore S. Mukund Gamakas of Hindustani Music M. R. Gautam Evolution and Structural Analysis of Varna Forms S. A. K. Durga The Temple Music of South India Gomati Viswanathan Book Reviews Handel Manuel T. S. Parthasarathy N. Ramanathan 6 THE 54 t h MADRAS MUSIC CONFERENCE OFFICIAL REPORT THE OPENING DAY 20-12-1980 The 54th Annual Conference of the Music Academy, Madras, was held at the T.T. Krishnamachari Auditorium in the premises of the Academy, 306, Mowbrays Road, Madras-600 014, from the 20th December 1980 to 1st January 1981. The Conference was inaugu­ rated by Sri Sadiq Ali, Governor of Tamil Nadu. The inaugural function began with the singing of prayer by Smt. Mani Krishnaswamy. MESSAGES Sri S. Shunmugam, member of the Executive Committee of the Academy, read the following messages, received from prominent persons all over India and from abroad for the success of the 54th Conference of the Academy. Sri M. Hidayatullah, Vice-President of India ; “ I send my best wishes for the success of the 54th Conference of the Music Academy, Madras, to be held at Madras in December, 1980” . The Prime Minister of India : “ The Prime Minister sends her good wishes for the success of the 54th Conference of the Music Academy, Madras, which is being held from 20th December 1980” . Sri R. Venkataraman, Finance Minister, Govt, of India : “I am happy that the 54th Conference of the Music Academy, Madras, is being held from 20th December, 1980 under the Presi­ dentship of Vidvan Shri T. N. Krishnan. The Music Academy, in 2 THE JOURNAL OF THE MADRAS MUSIC ACADEMY [Vol. LII its origin and growth, was one of the many expressions of national resurgence, synchronising with the history of the Indian National Congress. Carnatic and Hindustani Music are both highly disciplined and ennobling segments of the art. Each has its individuality in modes but they have a common aesthetic appeal. Music is not a mere source of pleasure, but a vehicle for moving oneself upto the Trans­ cendent. Many a leading creative artist and musician have contri­ buted to its enrichment and its wide spread, disseminating the noble experience to all. The contributions of the Trinity-Tyagaraja, Dikshitar and Shyama Sastri - and a host of others constitute “Pala­ ces of music” which have still unexplored riches. South India has been fortunate in nourishing this art, and we have with us a number of leading exponents. Shri T. N. Krishnan, the President of the Session, is a leading violin Vidvan whose renderings are authentic, chiselled and melodi­ ous. He combines the traditional discipline of the art with a genuine creativity in his presentation. I am also happy to know that my esteemed friend Smt. Kamaladevi Chattopadhyay, one of our great connoisseurs of art, is presiding over the Sadas. I am sure that the Conference will bring out a great deal of talent, especi­ ally of the younger musicians. They would, I trust, combine dedi­ cation to discipline with sincerity of expression in their art. It is this combination that makes music fuse form and content, and pr eserve the cherished values. I wish the function all success” . Shri S. B. Chavan, Education Minister, Govt, of India : “I am glad to know that the Music Academy is holding its fifty- fourth conference from 20th December, 1980. The Academy has served the cause of music and dance with exemplary dedication for the last 54 years . Many great savants, musicians and musicologists have been associated with this institution. It has done pioneer work in promoting better understanding between Carnatic and Hindus­ ta n i schools of Music. My sincerest best wishes for the success of the Conference.” THE 54TH MADRAS MUSIC CONFERENCE 5 The Governor of Maharashtra : “The Governor is happy to know that the 54th Conference of the Music Academy, Madras, would be held from 20th December, 1980 to 1st January, 1981. He sends his good wishes for the success of the Conference.” Sri Govind Narain, Governor of Karnataka : “I have personally known and heard so much about your Academy and I know the galaxy of distinguished personages of India who have inaugurated the previous conferences and lent their wholehearted support and patronage to this Academy. I send you my very best wishes for the success of this Conference. May your Academy continue to play even wider and stronger role jn the field of Music in the years to come !.” Sri M. G. Ramachandran, Chief Ministsr of Tamil Nadu : “ ptBip&ib ^jmrx&ossifisiT QulLi—<9>ib. ^injb^DiflCoip/T® £§)«3>5u<sckr (ip&s)jd 'Hiu susrrrnsjjj £§)s0<£.50UJ(y>ib ®U0Si5)LD QujnjD£l Q&jbpLfiipJbrr®• jsrTLluf-UJ su6rrf& ftu usraPuShb 54 &rr«!0u>ir&;£. Q g}rri—trj5&)i Q vjirem i-irjhffl 6U0 ii d&siiZstn svii (glj&jguj LDjbgHib ^Ujsi) p/rtl® (gjcw * Q & rrsm ® , £§)«a><?'g>gji<oS)jDU$<& CoiDs^jih su«Trff<j^] &r6$pjib svifl /ytsnps&ff J^nrruj LcrjBrr® jf,L-r&£d3(§uugi u.Tun'il(pfl5p<S0fiuj0i. $ an&<&&£&<££! sir Q&tug)jib QsupjflQU'tn srm ’ ’ Sri T. Anjiah, Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh : “Music, in our country, has reached sublime heights oi ecstasy. Great sages like Tyagaraja, Kshetrayya and Annamacharya have attained salvation by singing the praise of the Almighty. Music had also been used as a powerful weapon to spread the message of our national movement during the days of our freedom struggle. ______ ____________ 4 THE JOURNAL OF THE MADRAS MUSIC ACADEMY [Vol. LII I am sure the 54th Conference of Music Academy would help to rejuvenate this sacred spirit and take music to new heights. I wish the Conference all success.” The Chief Minister of Karnataka ; “ The Chief Minister of Karnataka is glad to learn that the 54th Conference of the Music Academy of Madras will be held in December and that the veteran Vidvan Shri T. N. Krishnan will be presiding over the conference. He is confident that the conference will stimulate greater interest in Karnataka and Hindustani music and will delight the mind and feed the intellect. He wishes the Conference all success.” Sri K. Rajaram, Speaker, Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly: “ I thank you for your kind invitation for the inauguration of of the Fifty-Fourth Conference of the Music Academy, Madras, on the 20th December, 1980 as also for the Sadas on 1st January, 1981. I wish the functions all success.” Sri V. R. Nedunchezhiyan. Finance Minister, Govt, of Tamil N a d u : “ I am happy to know that the 54th Conference of the Music Academy will be held from December 20, 1980 to 1st January, 1981. I commend the services of the Academy in the matter of promoting music during the last 54 years and wish the function all success.” Sri C. Aranganayakam, Education Minister, Govt, of Tamil Nadu : “ It is a matter of real gratification to learn that the 54th Conference of the Music Academy, the premier Institution in Music and Dance in South India, is to be inaugurated shortly by the Hon. Governor of Tamil Nadu. The sustained work put in by the Academy for the past half-a- century and more in the preservation and promotion of classical r THE 54TH MADRAS MUSIC CONFERENCE 5 Carnatic Music and in fostering an abiding interest therein in the Western countries is a glowing record of which the Academy can legitimately be proud.