SAGA Standards and Architectures for eGovernment Applications Version 4.0 March 2008 2 SAGA 4.0 Reprint, even in part, subject to approval This volume was prepared by the Federal Ministry of the Interior in co-operation with ]init[ AG and Fraunhofer-Institut für Software- und Systemtechnik (ISST). Homepage and download of the digital version: http://www.cio.bund.de/saga mail to: [email protected] SAGA 4.0 3 SAGA Standards and Architectures for eGovernment Applications Version 4.0 March 2008 Published by the Federal Ministry of the Interior 4 SAGA 4.0 SAGA 4.0 5 Word of thanks The Federal Ministry of the Interior and the SAGA authors would like to thank the representatives from the federal states and municipalities in the KoopA-SAGA project group, the representatives from the central IT service providers of the federal administration along with all the members of the SAGA expert group for their support during the preparation of this version of SAGA. We would also like to extend our thanks to all those who have made use of the SAGA forum and the SAGA contact form and whose committed comments constituted a valuable contribution towards updating the document. 6 SAGA 4.0 Introduction: This document presents in concise form widely used standards, processes, and methods of state-of-the-art IT development for eGovernment applications. Due to the nature of this subject, experts in this sector use many abbreviations and, in most cases, English acronyms. Some of these names are protected by copyright and/or are registered trademarks, or are products of certain manufacturers or standardization organizations that are protected at national and international level. In the interest of a simple structure, copyright and source references of this kind were generally omitted. The use of a "name" or abbreviation in this document does not mean that they are free from copyrights or intellectual property rights of third parties. Furthermore, neither the editor, the authors nor the experts consulted can accept any responsibility for the technical functioning, compatibility or completeness of the standards discussed. This version 4.0 was published in October 2007. Please send any comments, amendments or corrections to: Bundesministerium des Innern, Referat IT2. These comments, amendments or corrections can also be published on the SAGA forum at http://www.cio.bund.de. Version numbers are stated when they are relevant in the specific context discussed. If no version numbers of standards are stated, the version which is most stable from a market point of view should be used, even though this may not necessarily be the latest version. The authors permit the further use of this document - even in part - on condition that it is quoted as the source. A general demand for SAGA conformance is not enough in order to achieve the goals of SAGA. Due to the complexity of the document, a general demand leaves too much room for interpretation and misunderstanding. This makes it difficult for the supplier to fulfil the requirements and for the customer to check that requirements are fulfilled. To find out more about the correct handling of SAGA conformance, please refer to section 2.4 on page 25, and for further assistance, go to: http://www.cio.bund.de/saga. In the time since the first publication of SAGA 4.0 the website http://www.kbst.bund.de/saga was moved to http://www.cio.bund.de/saga. Therefore some of the links given in this document are no longer valid. For information on SAGA please refer to http://www.cio.bund.de/saga. SAGA 4.0 7 Table of Contents 0 Status, revision history and outlook..................................................................................................9 0.1 Amendments to version 3.0................................................................................................................9 0.2 Future issues.........................................................................................................................................10 1 Introduction..........................................................................................................................................11 1.1 Background...........................................................................................................................................11 1.2 Readers of this document...................................................................................................................11 1.3 Aims........................................................................................................................................................12 1.4 Tasks.......................................................................................................................................................12 1.5 Basic principles for eGovernment applications.............................................................................13 1.6 Relationships with other eGo vern ment documents .....................................................................13 1.7 The evolution process.........................................................................................................................17 1.8 Structure of the document.................................................................................................................18 2 Fundamentals of SAGA.......................................................................................................................19 2.1 Scope of validity and binding effect of SAGA..................................................................................19 2.2 Minimum requirements with regard to the openness of standards.........................................20 2.3 Classification and life cycles of standards.......................................................................................20 2.4 SAGA conformance.............................................................................................................................25 3 Architecture model for eGovernment applications......................................................................31 3.1 Overview...............................................................................................................................................31 3.2 Enterprise viewpoint..........................................................................................................................32 3.3 In for ma tion view point .......................................................................................................................33 3.4 Com pu ta tio nal view point .................................................................................................................34 3.5 Engineering viewpoint......................................................................................................................34 3.6 Technology viewpoint........................................................................................................................34 4 Enterprise viewpoint: Fundamentals of eGovernment...............................................................35 4.1 Definitions of eGovernment in Germany.......................................................................................35 4.2 The philosophy underlying eGovernment.....................................................................................36 4.3 Strategic goals......................................................................................................................................37 4.4 Organizational requirements...........................................................................................................41 4.5 Legal frame of reference....................................................................................................................45 4.6 Processes in eGovernment................................................................................................................49 4.7 Modules for the implementation of eGovernment applications...............................................52 5 In for ma tion view point: Standardization of data models ............................................................55 5.1 Levels of interoperability...................................................................................................................55 5.2 Purpose of standardizing data models...........................................................................................56 5.3 The Deutschland-Online "Standardisierung" [Standardization] project.................................57 5.4 Support for data model developers.................................................................................................59 6 Com pu ta tio nal view point: Reference soft ware architecture ....................................................65 6.1 General requirements for software applications..........................................................................65 6.2 Implementation options and architecture paradigms................................................................67 8 SAGA 4.0 6.3 Reference software architecture for eGovernment applications...............................................72 7 Engineering viewpoint: IT service management and reference infrastructure.....................79 7.1 IT Service Management with the ITIL..............................................................................................79 7.2 Design of an eGovernment infrastructure.....................................................................................84