Name: Group: Trypanosoma equiperdum 1 (Excavata: Euglenozoa – Kinetoplastidea) Magnification: m 50 flagellum nucleus amastigot undulating membrane epimastigot kinetoplast promastigot trypomasigot What other cells (except trypanosomes) can be seen in the microscope slide? Are trypanosomes intracellular or extracellular parasites? There are pictures of the two important vectors of trypanosomes. Name these vectors. Which species of Trypanosoma spp. are transmited by these vectors? Notes: Name: Group: Other examples of common or mimportant „protists“: Ciliates – Paramecium 2 sp. (1), ruminant symbionts Entodinium (2) and Isotricha (3); Excavata – Trichomonas vaginalis (4) and Giardia intestinalis (5); formainifera (6) 1 2 3 5 4 6 m 50 What are the functions of pulsating vacuole, macro- and micro- nucleus in Paramecium sp.? What are the „shells“ (correct term is „test“) of Foraminifera made of? What is the function of symbiotic protists for ruminants? Notes: Name: Group: Eimeria sp. 3 (Chromalveolata: Apicomplexa – Coccidea) before sporulation Magnification: m 50 after sporulation Anopheles sp. Culex sp. Complete the pictures of an oocyst before and after sporulation. How many sporocysts can be seen in an infectious oocyst? Are coccidia monoxenous or heteroxenous? What does it mean? Which apicomplexa are transmited by mosquitoes of the genus Anopheles? (See the differences in sitting position between mosquitoes of genus Anopheles and Culex.) Notes: Name: Group: Myxobolus cyprini – spores 4 (Metazoa: Myxozoa) Magnification: m 50 Draw the polar capsules, that are stained to intense violet color. What is stored in the polar capsules? What is the function of this structure? ?? What is a syncytium? What are the two ways it can form? sporoplasma Which group of organisms are Myxozoa related to? Notes: schéma spóry Name: Group: Opisthoconta – Metazoa: 5 Sponges - Porifera Kyveta. choanocyte What is the food of sponges? How do they ingest it? Notes: Basic types of body shapes in sponges ( bold dark is layer of choanocytes - choanoderm): ascon sycon leucon Name: Group: Cnidaria : 6 Anthozoa – corals; Muricea placomus (1); Hydrozoa – Eudendrium ramosum Scheme of cnidocyte before and after „firing“ Hydra sp. What materials is the skelet of corals made of? What type of reproduction is used by cnidarians in stage of polyp? Notes: Name: Group: Cnidaria 7 Hydrozoa : Geryonia proboscidalis (hydromedusa)(1); Aequorea discus(2) Scyphozoa : Rhizostoma pulmo (medusa)(3 glass container 1 2 3 What mode of reproduction use cnidarians in the stage of medusa? Explain term metagenesis. Where can be found rhopalia and what is their function? How does the gastrovascular system work? Notes: Name: Group: flatworms – Platyhelminthes 8 flukes - Trematoda parasitic Gorgodera sp. magnification: m branched gut without anus 1000 testes ovarium uterus with ova Other important species: Complete the picture by drawing mouth and central suckers (tzv. acetabula). ♂ What is the reptoductive system of ♀ flukes composed of? Lanced fluke common Schistosoma sp. Dicrocoelium liver fluke lanceolatum Fasciola hepatica Poznámky: Name: Group: flatworms – Platyhelminthes 9 tapeworms – Cestoda tapeworm – Taenia pisiformis – scolex magnification: m 500 Complete the picture with suckers (bothria). How many bothria are present in this species? Scolex of other important species: To which order of flatworms belongs this species? What is the definitive host for this species? Pork tapeworm Beef tapeworm Fish tapeworm Taenia solium Taenia saginata Diphyllobothrium latum Poznámky: Name: Group: flatworms – Plathelminthes 10 tapeworms – Cestoda Taenia sp. – „cyst“ magnification: m 500 bothria Draw the rostellum. Could it be Taenia solium or Taenia saginata? Why? Which type of cyst is thi: a) cysticercus, b) coenurus, c) echinococcus? Notes: Name: Group: flatworms – Plathelminthes 11 class: Monogenea frog parasite Polystoma integerrimum Mouth sucker pharynx magnification: m Gonopore(opening of the genital duct) 1000 ovary gut Draw the opisthaptor with suckerlets and hooks. How many suckerets has this species? Monogenea are: a) endoparasite of mammals b) ectoparasites of fish and amphibians c) free living d) endoparasite sof fish Notes: Important fish parasite: Diplozoon sp. Name: Group: phyllum Acanthocephala “thorny-headed worms” 12 Acanthocephalus sp. magnification: Proboscis cavity opening m 1000 Draw the hooked proboscis. What is it used for? What kind of digestive tract have Acanthocephalla? Notes: Name: Group: round worms, nematodes – Nematoda 13 pinworm US (or threadworm GB) – Enterobius vermicularis Magnification:: pharynx gonopore uterus with ova anus m 1000 Draw end part of body female and male. How is the sexual dimorphism manifested? Are pin worms biohelmints or geohelmints? What does it mean? 1. 2. 3. 4. What is autoinfection, how does it happen in case o f the seatworm? notes: Shapes of pharynx of nematodes: 1. filarioid, 2. oxyuroid, 3. dorylaimoid, 4. rhabditoid Name: Group: roundworms – Nematoda 14 „pork worm“ – Trichinella spiralis Magnification: muscle m 100 Complete the picture of encysted Trichinella. What life stage is it? (larva / adult)? 4 layared Are trichinellas biohelmints or geohelmints? hypodermis cuticle What type of digestive tract do the nematodes have? gut muscles Notes: gonads (ovaria or !! testes) .