XForms XForms (Forms Library) A Graphical User Interface Toolkit for X Library Version 1.2 January 2014 i Table of Contents ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1 Preface :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 2 Part I - Using the Forms Library :::::::::::::::: 7 1 Introduction::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 8 2 Getting Started:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 10 2.1 Naming Conventions :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 10 2.2 Some Examples ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 10 2.3 Programming Model :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 14 3 Defining Forms :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 16 3.1 Starting and Ending a Form Definition :::::::::::::::::::::::: 16 3.2 Boxes ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 16 3.3 Texts ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 18 3.4 Buttons::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 19 3.5 Sliders :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 20 3.6 ValSliders ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 21 3.7 Input Fields :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 21 3.8 Grouping Objects ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 22 3.9 Hiding and Showing::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 23 3.10 Deactivating and Triggering Objects ::::::::::::::::::::::::: 23 3.11 Changing Attributes ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 24 3.11.1 Color ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 24 3.11.2 Bounding Boxes::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 27 3.11.3 Label Attributes and Fonts :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 28 3.11.4 Tool Tips ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 32 3.11.5 Redrawing Objects :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 32 3.11.6 Changing Many Attributes :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 33 3.11.7 Symbols :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 33 3.12 Adding and Removing Objects ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 36 3.13 Freeing Objects :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 36 4 Doing Interaction:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 38 4.1 Displaying a Form :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 38 4.2 Simple Interaction :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 44 4.3 Periodic Events and Non-blocking Interaction:::::::::::::::::: 46 4.4 Dealing With Multiple Windows :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 49 4.5 Using Callback Functions ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 52 4.6 Handling Other Input Sources ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 55 ii 5 Free Objects ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 57 5.1 Free Object ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 57 5.2 An Example :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 60 6 Goodies :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 70 6.1 Messages and Questions ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 70 6.2 Command Log :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 74 6.3 Colormap ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 75 6.4 File Selector :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 76 Part II - The Form Designer ::::::::::::::::::: 82 7 Introduction ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 83 8 Getting Started:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 84 9 Command Line Arguments ::::::::::::::::::: 87 10 Creating Forms::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 89 10.1 Creating and Changing Forms:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 89 10.2 Adding Objects :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 89 10.3 Selecting Objects :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 89 10.4 Moving and Scaling :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 90 10.5 Aligning Objects ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 90 10.6 Raising and Lowering :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 91 10.7 Setting Attributes:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 91 10.8 Generic Attributes ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 91 10.8.1 Basic Attributes :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 92 10.8.2 Font :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 93 10.8.3 Misc. Attributes :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 93 10.8.4 Colors :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 93 10.9 Object Specific Attributes:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 93 10.10 Cut, Copy and Paste:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 94 10.11 Groups ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 94 10.12 Hiding and Showing Objects :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 95 10.13 Testing Forms :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 95 11 Saving and Loading Forms :::::::::::::::::: 96 12 Language Filters :::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 102 12.1 External Filters::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 102 12.2 Command Line Arguments of the Filter ::::::::::::::::::::: 103 13 Generating Hardcopies ::::::::::::::::::::: 104 iii Part III - Object Classes ::::::::::::::::::::::: 106 14 Introduction ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 107 15 Static Objects ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 109 15.1 Box Object ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 109 15.1.1 Adding Box Objects ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 109 15.1.2 Box Types ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 109 15.1.3 Box Attributes ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 109 15.1.4 Remarks ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 110 15.2 Frame Object::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 110 15.2.1 Adding Frame Objects ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 110 15.2.2 Frame Types::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 110 15.2.3 Frame Attributes :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 111 15.2.4 Remarks ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 111 15.3 LabelFrame Object ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 111 15.3.1 Adding LabelFrame Objects:::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 111 15.3.2 LabelFrame Types ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 111 15.3.3 Attributes ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 112 15.3.4 Remarks ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 112 15.4 Text Object :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 112 15.4.1 Adding Text Objects::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 112 15.4.2 Text Types :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 112 15.4.3 Text Attributes :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 112 15.4.4 Remarks ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 112 15.5 Bitmap Object:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 113 15.5.1 Adding Bitmap Objects :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 113 15.5.2 Bitmap Types ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 113 15.5.3 Bitmap Interaction::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 113 15.5.4 Other Bitmap Routines :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 113 15.5.5 Bitmap Attributes ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 114 15.5.6 Remarks ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 114 15.6 Pixmap Object ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 114 15.6.1 Adding Pixmap Objects:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 114 15.6.2 Pixmap Types ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 114 15.6.3 Pixmap Interaction :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 114 15.6.4 Other Pixmap Routines :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 114 15.6.5 Pixmap Attributes ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 115 15.6.6 Remarks ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 115 15.7 Clock Object ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 116 15.7.1 Adding Clock Objects:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 116 15.7.2 Clock Types ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 116 15.7.3 Clock Interaction :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 116 15.7.4 Other Clock Routines :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 116 15.7.5 Clock Attributes ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 117 15.7.6 Remarks ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 117 15.8 Chart Object ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 117 iv 15.8.1 Adding Chart Objects ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 117 15.8.2 Chart Types ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 117 15.8.3 Chart Interaction :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 118 15.8.4 Other Chart Routines :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 118 15.8.5 Chart Attributes ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 119 15.8.6 Remarks ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 119 16 Button-like Objects ::::::::::::::::::::::::: 120 16.1 Adding Button Objects ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 120 16.2 Button Types::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 122 16.3 Button Interaction :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 123 16.4 Other Button Routines ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 123 16.5 Button Attributes :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 126 16.6 Remarks:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 126 17 Valuator Objects :::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 127 17.1 Slider Object ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 127 17.1.1 Adding Slider Objects:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 127 17.1.2 Slider Types ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 127 17.1.3 Slider Interaction :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 128 17.1.4 Other Slider Routines :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 129 17.1.5 Slider Attributes ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 129 17.1.6 Remarks ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 130 17.2 Scrollbar Object :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 130 17.2.1 Adding Scrollbar Objects :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 131 17.2.2 Scrollbar Types :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 131 17.2.3 Scrollbar Interaction ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 132 17.2.4 Other Scrollbar Routines ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 132 17.2.5 Scrollbar Attributes :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 133 17.2.6 Remarks