Pacific Science (I980), vol. 34, no. 2 © 1981 by The University Press of Hawaii. All rights reserved The Cirolanidae (Crustacea: Isopoda) of Australia: The Genus Pseudolana from the Queensland Coasts with Description of Three New Species1 NIEL L. BRUCE2 ABSTRACT: The cirolanid genus Pseudolana is fully described, as are 4 species, of which 3 are new to science, I having been previously described as Orolana concinna. The relationship of the new genus to other cirolanid genera is discussed. Briefnotes are given on the habitat and distribution ofthe members of the genus. AN EXAMINATION of oceanic sandy beaches slender, endite with single coupling hook. around Moreton Bay revealed the presence Mandible with strongly produced anterior of 2 species of cirolanid isopod that at first tooth and 3-segmented palp, segment I al­ glance appeared to belong to the genus most as long as segment 2. Pereiopods with­ Orolana Leach. While collecting around out natatory setae. Both rami of pleopods Hinchinbrook Island off the North Queens­ I and 2 elongate, 3-5 becoming broader land coast, I obtained a third species from posteriorly; pleopod 2 of male with appendix the mobile sands of the mountain stream masculina arising midway along and ex­ outflows where small tidal mangrove swamps tending beyond inner margin of endopod. form. The fourth species was obtained from Pleopods 3-5 of both sexes with endopod the collections of the Queensland Museum. glabrous. Pleopods 1-5 with external margin Of the 4 species, I had previously been of protopod formed into a lobe. Telson with described and placed in the genus Orolana. posterior 2/3 depressed, posterior margin of However, all 4 species show a combination telson and uropodal rami with fringe of long of characters which prevent their inclusion plumose setae. Protopod of uropod pro­ in that genus and place them within the duced, margin of exopod of uropod with "group Eurydice" of Monod (1930). These spines and setae. All pleon segments exposed species all conform to the genus Pseudolana with lateral margins free; lateral margin of Bruce, and the original diagnosis is here pleon segment 1 not produced. expanded. DIAGNOSIS: Cirolanidae with linear frontal lamina and freely projecting clypeus; an­ Genus Pseudolana Bruce terior margin of cephalon without conspicu­ ous rostral point; pleopod I with both rami Pseudolana Bruce 1979: 112. elongate, pleopod 2 with appendix masculina Cirolanidae with antennule peduncle 3 arising midway, pleopods 1-5 with lobe on segmented, segment I tending to be at right external margin of protopod, endopods of angles to remainder of peduncle; antenna pleopods 3-5 glabrous. peduncle 5 segmented; flagella of both an­ ETYMOLOGY: Fromthe greek Pseudo mean­ tennae of moderate length. Frontal lamina ing false, and (Oro) lana. linear, clypeus freely projecting; cephalon GENUS TYPE: Orolana concinna Hale, 1925. with or without rostral point. Maxilliped RELATIONSHIPS: This genus can be placed in the group of genera called "group Eury­ dice" by Monod (1930). This group includes the genera Eurydice Leach, Excirolana Rich­ 1 Manuscript accepted 29 May 1979. 2 University of Queensland, Department of Zoology, ardson (including Pontogeloides Barnard), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia 4067. Pontogelos Stebbing (Monod, 1972) and to 153 154 PACIFIC SCIENCE, Volume 34, April 1980 which can be added the genus Pseudaega prevent its inclusion in this genus. These are Thomson. Of these genera the closest to the the frontal lamina being relatively broad and new genus appear to be Excirolana and not produced ventrally, the appendix mas­ Pseudaega. Eurydice occupies a place apart culina not extending beyond the inner ramus in having only the endopod of pleopod 5 of pleopod 2, and pieon segment 4 with the glabrous and the protopod of the pleopods lateral margins extending to the posterior longer than broad as well as being further margin of pleon segment 5. distinguished by having the antenna peduncle with only 4 segments, the protopod of the uropoda not produced, and the posterior Pseudolana concinna (Hale) pereiopods natatory. Pontogelos Stebbing, Figures 1,2 1910 is also somewhat isolated in having the appendix masculina attached basally and also Cirolana concinna Hale, 1925: 152-153, has only the endopod of pleopod 5 glabrous. fig. 12a-i; Bruce, 1979: 112, Non Men­ It is clear that the present genus is most closely zies, 1962: 123, fig. 40 A-E. related to Excirolana and Pseudaega. Pseudo­ MATERIAL EXAMINED: A large series ofsam­ lana can be distinguished from Excirolana ples was taken from beaches around Moreton by the lack of a broad rostrum separating Bay and also Hinchinbrook Island. A further the antennules, by the point of insertion of 8 specimens were obtained from Tasmania, the appendix masculina being more distally and the paratypes of Hale's species were placed, by having spines and setae on the borrowed from the South Australian Mu­ lateral margins of the uropodal exopod, and seum. The material designated as C. concinna by the protopod being produced. It is difficult by Menzies (1962) was also obtained on loan. to find further points by which to separate As C. concinna is the type-species for the Pseudolana from Excirolana as the latter con­ genus, a full description is given here. tains such a varied assemblage of species. In DESCRIPTION OF MALE: Body smooth, about Excirolana the setation of the pleopods and 2! times as long as greatest width; cephalon pereiopods, the place of insertion of the ap­ with minute rostral point; eyes moderately pendix masculina, the form of the rostral large (Figure la). Clypeus produced into a point, and proportion of both pairs of an­ freely projecting triangular lobe (Figure lc), tennae all yary considerably. frontal lamina linear, very slightly broader The genus Pseudolana also shows some anteriorly. Pereion segment 1 slightly longer similarity to the recently revised genus than segment 2; segments 4,5, and 6 subequal Pseudaega (Jansen, 1978), namely in the form in length and longer than segments 2, 3, and of the appendix masculina and pereiopods. 7; lateral part of pereion segments 4-7 with The segmentation ofthe pleopods in Pseudo­ groove. Coxae (Figure Ib) without carina, lana is present to a variable degree, and for those of pereion segments 4-7 moderately that reason is not included as a generic produced with posterior margins terminating character. They do, however, differ from in acute points. Pleon with all segments visible those of Pseudaega by never showing a com­ and not overlapped; pleon segments 2-5 with plete suture across the exopods of pleopods lateral margins produced into acute points. 3-5. Pseudaega has several unique characters Short penes present on posterior ventral sur­ including a notched uropodal endopod, ex­ face of pereionite 7. tended coxae on pereionite 4, and a process Antennule (Figure ld) with peduncular on segment 2 of the antennule by which it segment I very short, set at right angles to can easily be distinguished. remainder of peduncle, segment 2 half as One species, other than those reported long again as segment 3; flagellum composed herein, could warrant inclusion in Pseudolana of 14 articles extending to hind margin of -Orolana arcuata Hale (1925). I have ex­ pereion segment 2. Antenna (Figure Ie) with amined the paratypes of this species and first 2 peduncular segments short, their com­ while the pleopods are similar, 3 points bined lengths equal to that of segment 3; 45 d ·#iff .SSffi£ifSi#if J-, I.i t-J. $ N im. $ 1$. h!9M?!I!9!!M!eMM9M .tM·de WH . ttL tMUiI Australian Cirolanidae-BRucE 155 c a m FIGURE I. Pseudo/ana concinna. a, dorsal view; b, lateral view; c, anteroclypeal region; d, antennule; e, antenna; f, maxillule; g, maxilla; h, pereiopod 7; i, maxilliped;j, pereiopod I; k, pereiopod 6 (distal portion); /, endite of maxilliped; m, mandible; n, telson and uropod. 156 PACIFIC SCIENCE, Volume 34, April 1980 a d e FIGURE 2. Pseudolana concinna. a-e, pleopods 1-5 respectively. segment 4 1/3 as long again as segment 3 and setae and 5 simple setae. Maxilliped (Figure 2/3 the length of segment 5, anterior distal 1i) slender, lateral distal margin of segment 1 margin of segment 4 with 4 spines, posterior of palp with 3 long setae, lateral margins of margin with row of long setae. segments 2 and 3 with long plumose setae. Mouthparts: mandible with tricuspidate Medial margins of all segments with numer­ incisor, the anterior tooth strongly produced ous setae. Endite (Figure ll) with 2 long and (Figure 1m); segments 1 and 2 of palp sub­ 3 short plumose setae, and single coupling equal in length and about twice the length spine. of segment 3, segments fringed with feebly Pereiopods 1-3 short, robust; pereiopods plumose setae. Molar with ca. 21 teeth on 4-7 long. Pereiopod 1 (Figure Ij) with fringe anterior margin, spine row with 8 spines. of setae on anterior margin of basis and a Maxillule (Figure If) with ca. 11 spines on group of setae at the posterior distal angle; gnathal surface of exopod and 3 stout anterodistal angles of ischium and merus plumose spines on endopod. Maxilla (Figure produced, armed with numerous setae; car­ 19) with 4 and 810ng setae on palp and exopod pus very short, overlapped by merus; pro­ respectively, endopod with 5 long plumose podus with row of 5 setae on anterior distal ii$M 14i11U Australian Cirolanidae-BRucE 157 margin, and a long seta extending along Material from Hinchinbrook did not exceed dactyl. Posterior margin of ischium with 6 5 mm; Tasmanian specimens measured 5-7 setae; merus, carpus, and propodus with 5, mm, one female reaching 10 mm. I, and 4 spines respectively. Pereiopod 7 REMARKS: This species can be distin­ (Figure liz) large, moderately broad, pos­ guished from all others in the genus by the terior margins, with numerous spines; an­ emarginate hind margin of the telson, the terior margins with groups of spines at distal shape and length of the appendix masculina, angles ofsegments, groups ofsetae on ischium together with the comparative lengths of the and merus, and with few setae on carpus and antennule and antenna as well as the arrange­ propodus.