THE SPLIT (Going and Strike) BARREL (top) p.16 Overview Pendulum Applications. The Going-wheel The Strike-wheel Ratchet-work Stop-work German Origins Hidden Stop Work English Variants WIND-ME MECHANISM? p.19 An "Up-Down" Indicator (Hypothetical Project) OOSTERWIJCK'S UNIQUE BOX CASE p.20 Overview Show Wood Carcass Construction Damage Control Mortised Hinges A Royal 'Haagse Klok' Reviewed by Keith Piggott FIRST ASSESSMENTS p.22 APPENDIX ONE - Technical, Dimensions, Tables with Comparable Coster Trains - (Dr Plomp's 'Chronology' D3 and D8) 25/7/1 0 Contents (Horological Foundation) APPENDIX TWO - Conservation of Unique Case General Conservation Issues - Oosterwijck‟s Kingwood and Ebony Box INTRODUCTION First Impressions. APPENDIX SIX - RH Provenance, Sir John Shaw Bt. Genealogy HUYGENS AUTHORITIES p.1 Collections and Exhibitions Didactic Scholarship PART II. „OSCILLATORIUM‟ p.24 Who was Severijn Oosterwijck? Perspectives, Hypotheses, Open Research GENERAL OBSERVATIONS p.2 The Inspection Author's Foreword - Catalyst and Conundrums Originality 1. Coster‟s Other Contracts? p.24 Unique Features 2. Coster‟s Clockmakers? p.24 Plomp‟s Characteristic Properties 3. Fromanteel Connections? p.25 Comparables 4. „Secreet‟ Constructions? p.25 Unknown Originator : German Antecedents : Application to Galilei's Pendulum : Foreknowledge of Burgi : The Secret Outed? : Derivatives : Whose Secret? PART I. „HOROLOGIUM‟ p.3 5. Personal Associations? p.29 6. The Seconds‟ Hiatus? p.29 The Clock Treffler's Copy : Later Seconds‟ Clocks : Oosterwijck‟s Options. 7. Claims to Priority? p.33 THE VELVET DIALPLATE p.3 8. Valuation? p.34 Overview Signature Plate APPENDIX THREE - Open Research Projects, Significant Makers Chapter Ring User-Access Data Comparable Pendulum Trains, Dimensions. etc. Coster-Hands. Data Matrices (xls) Combined Spring and Weight Data Dial Sector (New Data – incorporating 'ID' images) Dial Latch Pendulum Holdfast APPENDIX FOUR - Simon Douw's Spring Remontoir (Cross-Beat) APPENDIX FIVE - Alexander Bruce's English and Dutch Longitude THE MOVEMENT PROPER p.6 Sea-Clocks rediscovered, examined, and described. (Full release) The Plates Octagonal Pillars APPENDIX SEVEN - The Pendulum, Equations and Tides (new) Motionwork APPENDIX EIGHT Early Weight-Driven Hague-Timepiece (1658) - APPENDIX NINE - 'A-Fromanteel Hage‟ unknown workshop (1680) THE FOUR-WHEEL TRAINS p.9 Overview Acknowledgements: p.34 THE WATCH (Going) PART p.9 Dedication Prof.Dr.Ing. Reinier Plomp Overview Bibliography Severijn Oosterwijck (related) Astronomy‟s Pendulum Correction NL. 'secreet' (23-12-09) Crutched-Verge Postscript Sebastian Whitestone‟s review of an unrecorded Isaac The Verge-Cock Thuret pendulum; Hypothesis; Reflecting on Contract. Suspension Cheeks Strap Potence Author, Copyrights: Figures © Free if credited Views © Reserved Post Potence SUPPLEMENTARY VIEWS (Short-cuts through the Labyrinth) THE STRIKE (Clock) PART p.14 Documents (new) Primary Source Documents in the Public Domain Overview Facsimilies (new) Technical Drawings Strike „Gates‟ Comparables Contemporary Pendulum Constructions The Fly Memoranda Reviews Comparable Clocks in Public Domain Count wheel, Detent and Spring References Notable Clocks/Components Cited in Texts Evidence for Chronology? Patterns Component Codes proposed for Data Matrix Hammer Curiosa (new) Interesting Rarities (Components) Bell on Dial First Impressions. A Royal 'Haagse Klok' Some works of art and clocks have the power to hold the observer; this is one such. At first sight, the regularity and quality of both the "Severijn Oosterwijck Haghe" movement and the dial-plate presented features and components I had not seen in a Hague clock. I also observed evidence of an ancient "met privilege" accident, involving both the case and its movement. Its workmanship is outstanding, superior to Coster‟s first pendulums notwithstanding Reviewed by Keith Piggott the latter's superb watches and table clocks in the balance-wheel era. Now I better understand why the Earl of Kincardine Alexander Bruce (c.1629-1680) in March 1662, then Monsieur Zulichem, Christiaan Huygens (1629-1695) in mid-1663, each chose the young Severijn Oosterwijck (pre-1637-1694?) to make their Longitude „sea-clocks‟ (both inherently flawed by pendulum control in first instance); then to add Huygens‟ new (but fatally flawed) weight-remontoir in 1664. In these the workman excelled, whereas the scientists floundered. Oosterwijck‟s 'Haagse klok', or 'Haagse klokje' (little Hague clock), deserves the fullest appreciation; see Figure 1. Its privileged owners would remain anonymous, yet know more of their heritage - also its historical context; the restorer would publish via the BHI, a technical audience not versed in Huygens; and I would bring this rare Hague clock into the antiquarian fold via the Dutch Horological Foundation, <www.antique-horology.org>, providing abundant images also vital dimensions to promote new research. Knowing that I cannot succeed equally, I offer my findings at PART I, „HOROLOGIUM‟, also my perspectives and new hypotheses at PART II, „OSCILLATORIUM‟. Frontispiece: Fig.1. [01_F1.jpg)] Introduction. ▲ (Back to TOC) Severijn Oosterwijck‟s earliest known spring-driven pendulum clock was first published by clockmaker-restorer Paul Shrouder Hon.FBHI, View: Charles II (1630-1685) In Middle Age. (see "A Mantle Clock", Horological Journal, BHI, Sept. 2008). Paul [02V_Charles2] [02V_Coronation] recorded his restoration and he alluded to its history. Dr.Jeff Darken, then editor of 'Antiquarian Horology' the journal of the Antiquarian HUYGENS‟ AUTHORITIES ▲ (Back to TOC) Horological Society, first drew my attention to this so called Mantle Readers not familiar with Christiaan Huygens and the early Clock. I recognised its historic significance and contacted the BHI, pendulum-era will find the Horological Foundation website subsequently, at Mr Shrouder‟s workshop, I met the privileged owner invaluable. It includes a Compilation on the Hague Contract of with his rare Hague-clock (NL. 'Haagse klok'). September 3rd, 1657, between young John Fromanteel (1638-1692) and established Hague clockmaker Salomon Coster (1623-1659), the First I established there were no commercial interests to serve, only pendulum patentee appointed by Huygens as inventor. One long horological and historical ones. I was told that, by family tradition, misread, still misunderstood clause alludes to a „secreet‟,that cannot also cited in Wills, and by descent, this little Hague clock has been in be the pendulum or crutch which John already had seen and made. It the family since its gift in June 1660 to their ancestor Sir John Shaw taxes us yet. This clock may have great relevance to that lost secret. (1615-1680), with a Knighthood, from King Charles the Second on Restoration of the Monarchy, in gratitude for John Shaw's generous Collections and Exhibitions. financial support in exile during the long and uncertain interregnum, G.B.Shaw once wrote, “if I had had more time, I should have written from 1649 to 1660, (Appendix Six). No antiquarian could want for a a shorter letter!” But gone are the days when Drummond Robertson more tantalizing provenance, nor a more dynamic period in early could review two? neglected Coster clocks in just two paragraphs, pendulum history. I was not disappointed. Certainly, it is one of the (Robertson J.D, "The Evolution of Clockwork”, Chap.VI, pp.76-81). earliest Hague pendulum clocks extant, and a 'Striker' too. 1 Scholarship has moved on apace, with specialist articles, new “Severijn had four sons, all clockmakers; in 1687/8, he and Adam reference works; two magnificent Dutch exhibitions, “Octrooi op de (1658-1695) petitioned the Hague Magistrates for a Clockmakers‟ Tijd” (Museum Boerhaave, 1979), “Huygens Legacy” (Paleis Het Guild; on incorporation, Severijn became first Master. Around 1690 Loo, Apeldoorn, 2004); also great private collections, with Mr H.M. he made a year spring-movement for Jean Brisson‟s monumental Vehmeyer‟s astonishing catalogue and Hans van den Ende‟s museum case; [modelled on the more lavish Breghtel-van den Bergh case of at Edam -- I was privileged to attend its opening, I stayed three days! 1665-1670, now in the V&A London]. Later, with third son Jacobus My own study of Hague clocks was helped by many, especially the (1662-1711), he adapted it into a musical clock, which they signed late Willem Hana, also Dutch restorer L.H.J. „Berry‟ van Lieshout; jointly”). <View_Brisson> [KP. One of Holland‟s horological icons, many rely on his wide knowledge and unique horological archives. I first saw it with Eugene Stender, at Sint-Michielsgestel, in 1976] (P.C.Spaans Collection, Lot 421, Christie's Amsterdam 19/12/2007). Didactic Scholarship. Professor Dr. Ir. Reinier Plomp has long promoted "Hague clocks" Any clock by this particular maker is of interest, for several reasons; (NL.Haagse klokken) by erudite articles and standard reference work, his part in the birth of the Dutch pendulum clock; his abilities as a “Spring-driven Dutch pendulum clocks, 1657-1710” ('Pendulums', craftsman; also his early part in experimental maritime navigation to Interbook International BV, Schiedam, 1979). For the privilege determine longitude by pendulum time-keeping, (see Appendix Five). extended to me, I presented copies of Dr.Plomp's book to the clock's The subject Hague clock ticks the first two boxes, hence this Royal owners also to Mr Shrouder. Dr. Plomp identified “The Prototypes of patronage; Alexander Bruce, and Christiaan Huygens himself, ticked Hague