Delft University of Technology Coordination in hinterland chains An institutional analysis of port-related transport van der Horst, Martijn DOI 10.4233/uuid:5b8551b1-f12a-463d-97e5-5f3ca4473557 Publication date 2016 Document Version Final published version Citation (APA) van der Horst, M. (2016). Coordination in hinterland chains: An institutional analysis of port-related transport. TRAIL Research School. https://doi.org/10.4233/uuid:5b8551b1-f12a-463d-97e5-5f3ca4473557 Important note To cite this publication, please use the final published version (if applicable). Please check the document version above. Copyright Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download, forward or distribute the text or part of it, without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license such as Creative Commons. Takedown policy Please contact us and provide details if you believe this document breaches copyrights. We will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. This work is downloaded from Delft University of Technology. For technical reasons the number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to a maximum of 10. Coordination in Hinterland Chains An institutional analysis of port-related transport Martijn van der Horst Delft University of Technology Coordination in Hinterland Chains An institutional analysis of port-related transport Proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Technische Universiteit Delft, op gezag van de Rector Magnificus Prof. ir. K.C.A.M. Luyben, voorzitter van het College voor Promoties, in het openbaar te verdedigen op donderdag 3 november 2016 om 15:00 uur door Martijn Robbert-Jan VAN DER HORST Doctorandus in de Economische Wetenschappen, Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam, geboren te Rotterdam Dit proefschrift is goedgekeurd door de: promotor: Prof. dr. J.P.M. Groenewegen Samenstelling van de promotiecommissie: Rector Magnificus voorzitter Prof. dr. J.P.M. Groenewegen promotor Onafhankelijke leden: Prof. dr. G.P. van Wee TU Delft Prof. ir. T. Vellinga TU Delft & Havenbedrijf Rotterdam Prof. dr. T.E. Notteboom Dalian Maritime University, China Prof. dr. ir. R.E.C.M. van der Heijden Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen Overige leden: Prof. dr. P.W. de Langen TU Eindhoven Dr. B. Kuipers Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam TRAIL Thesis Series no. T2016/19, the Netherlands Research School TRAIL TRAIL P.O. Box 5017 2600 GA Delft The Netherlands E-mail: [email protected] ISBN: 978-90-5584-211-7 Copyright © 2016 by Martijn van der Horst All rights reserved. No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the author. Printed in the Netherlands Contents 1 Introduction ......................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background: Why is studying coordination in hinterland chains a relevant issue?.. 1 1.2 Research goal ........................................................................................................................... 7 1.3 Port and hinterland transport studies: the research domain ........................................... 8 1.4 Research philosophy ............................................................................................................ 10 1.5 Chapter overview: research design and contruction of framework ............................ 13 1.6 Declaration of contribution ................................................................................................. 21 2 Identification of coordination problems and coordination arrangements ...... 23 2.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 23 2.2 Coordination problems in hinterland chains ................................................................... 25 2.3 A framework to analyse mechanisms of coordination in hinterland transport ........ 31 2.4 Analyzing coordination in hinterland transport: an empirical application ............... 33 2.5 Conclusion.............................................................................................................................. 36 3 Further examination of coordination problems and coordination arrangements ..................................................................................................... 39 3.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 39 3.2 Hinterland accessibility as an organizational challenge ............................................... 40 3.3 The emergence of coordination mechanisms .................................................................. 42 3.4 Analyzing the emergence of coordination mechanisms ............................................... 43 3.4.1 Characteristics related to the transaction ......................................................................... 45 3.4.2 Characteristics related to the coordination arrangement .............................................. 46 3.5 Empirical analysis................................................................................................................. 48 3.5.1 Data collection and general results ................................................................................... 48 3.5.2 Characteristics related to the transaction and the coordination problem................... 49 3.5.3 Characteristics related to the coordination arrangements ............................................. 51 3.6 Conclusion.............................................................................................................................. 57 v vi 4 Change of scope by shipping lines and terminal operating companies ........... 59 4.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 59 4.2 Change of scope: two theoretical streams ....................................................................... 60 4.3 The enlargement of scope of shipping lines .................................................................... 64 4.3.1 How shipping lines broaden their scope .......................................................................... 64 4.3.2 Understanding why shipping lines broaden their scope ............................................... 65 4.4 The enlargement of scope of terminal operating companies ....................................... 67 4.4.1 How terminal operating companies broaden their scope.............................................. 67 4.4.2 Understanding why terminal operating companies broaden their scope ................... 69 4.5 Discussion and conclusion .................................................................................................. 71 4.5.1 Geographical scale origins of industry incentives ......................................................... 73 4.5.2 Specific attributes of shipping lines and terminal operating companies ................... 74 4.5.3 Institutional environment .................................................................................................... 75 5 Effect of liberalisation on coordination in railway chains ............................... 77 5.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 77 5.2 Coordination in railway hinterland chains....................................................................... 78 5.3 Liberalization of railway transport market in Europe and the Netherlands .............. 82 5.4 Liberalization in railway container transport at the Port of Rotterdam ..................... 84 5.5 Towards a dynamic framework for understanding coordination in railway hinterland chains ................................................................................................................... 88 5.6 Conclusion.............................................................................................................................. 91 6 A multidisciplinary analysis behind coordination problems in container barging in the port of Rotterdam ..................................................................... 93 6.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 93 6.2 Research methodology and framework ............................................................................ 94 6.2.1 Research methodology: case study ................................................................................... 94 6.2.2 Framework ............................................................................................................................. 95 6.3 Results of case study: application of the framework ..................................................... 97 6.3.1 Market actors in the container barge transport chain .................................................... 97 6.3.2 Performance of container barging in port of Rotterdam ............................................... 98 6.3.3 Informal institutions ........................................................................................................... 100 6.3.4 Formal institutions .............................................................................................................