DOCUMENT RESUME ED 119 573 HE 007 312 AUTHOR Pfmister, Allan 0., Ed. TITLE University Faculty in Crisis: Collective Bargaining, Tenure, Faculty Development. Occasional Papers in Higher Education, No. 10. INSTITUTION Denver Univ., Colo. PUB DATE Sep 75 NOTE 107p.;Papers presented at a seminar in Higher Education (University of Denver, Boulder, Colorado, 1975) EDRS PRICE MF-$0.83 HC-$6.01 Plus Postage DESCRIPTORS Affirmative Action; *Collective Bargaining; *College Faculty; *Higher Education; Instructional Improvement; *Manpower Development; Part Time Teachers; Post Secondary Education; Staff Improvement; State Boards of Education; Teacher Improvement; *Tenure ABSTRACT This collection of nine papers grew out of a series of presentations made by advanced graduate students participating in a seminar in Higher Education during the spring term, 1975. The purpose of the seminar is to afford advanced students an opportunity to explore in depth the topics considered in the sore general way in the course sequence and in other courses in Higher Education. The papers presented in the seminar were divided into three broad areas: collective bargaining; tenure; and faculty development. Papers presented covered:(1) an overview of collective bargaining;(2) collective bargaining in relation to part-time faculty;(3) the role of statewide governing boards in local community college collective bargaining;(4) women, college faculty, and tenure;(5) faculty tenure in a period of financial crisis; (6) conflict between tenure and affirmative action;(7) perspectives and issues of faculty development;(8) the teaching aspect of faculty development; and (9) West German University reform and the university professor. 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Reproductions- * * supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original. * *********************************************************************** re University of Denver Occasional Papers trI in Higher Education Cr, No. 10 September, 1975 r--1 C.) 1.14 OF HEALTH U SDEPARTMENT&WELFARE EDUCATIONINSTITUTE OF NATIONAL EDUCATION REPRO' ..:.5Cii,UN ROM ,,, soorupvEN,A' ur (FJEC,OR c ,e,, i. f XA _,', /A, ON O.( E0 OR 0R, OP't.0^4S "E PE wSON .( t. Ow ,1 ^.", ol ,,,,A47,i V42t-Pkt UNIVERSITY FACULTY IN CRISIS: COLLECTIVE A! 'DCNO, Nt , E Of riNA,_ Nc. TU1 E ' A 'El:, ( , A. NA, BARGAINING, TENURE, FACULTY DEVELOPMENT SENT Of 4 ON OR POlCY i-O ,CAON PON 1' Allan O. Pfnister, editor William Pickett, Jane Muller, Lawrence Raful Donald Scott, James B. Hirsh, Joan Ehren Margaret Wick, Abbas Kasraian, Rolf Trautsch 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword ii I. Collective Bargaining in Higher Education: An Overview 1 William Pickett II. Collective Bargaining on Campus: Focus on Part-Time Faculty 15 Jane Muller III. The Role of Statewide Governing Boards in Local Community College Collective Bargaining: California Possibilities 26 Lawrence Raful IV. Viimen, College Faculties, and Tenure 39 Donald C. Scott V. The Changing Place of Faculty Tenure in a Period of Financial Crisis.... 51 James Hirsh VI. Conflict Between Tenure and Affirmative Action in a Time of Retrenchment 61 Joan A. Ehren VII. Faculty Development: Perspectives and Issues 71 Margaret Wick VIII. Faculty Development: Teaching Aspect 82 Abbas Kasraian IX. West German University Reform and the University Professor 91. Rolf A. Trautsch 3 FOREWORD This collection of nine papers grew out of a series of presentationsmade by advanced graduate students participating in a seminar in Higher Educationduring the spring term, 1975. All of the students are working toward thePh.D. in Higher Education, and the seminar is part of the sequence of courses inHigher Education at the University of Denver. Students normally enroll in theseminar during the last three quarters of their residency. All of the studentsin the program have, with few exceptions, completed a Master's degree in a field outsideof professional education and have taken additional graduate studies in that-fieldor a cognate area.Their doctoral research usually follows a combination of work in'theMaster- cognate area and in Higher Education. The students enrolled in the springseminar, 1975, together with their degrees and previous experienceor present position, are listed below: William Pickett M.A., English, Duke University;M.P.A., University of Missouri, 1974. Director of Foundation and GovernmentRelations at Regis College, Denver. Jane Killer M.S.N., University of Texas at Austin, 1973. Previous positions in nursing. Lawrence Raful J.D., University of Denver, 1975.Research Assistant for the Education Commissionof the States, spring term, 1975. Donald C. Scott M.S., Georgetown University, 1969.Air Force Academy. James Hirsh M.A., University of Denver, 1972.Research Assistant, University of Denver. Joan A. Ehren M.A., Columbia University, 1955.Graduate Research Assistant, Bureau of EducationalResearch, University of Denver, springl 1975. Margaret Wick M.A. Loyola, 1971. On leave from Briar Cliff College, Academic Dean. Administrative Intern, ContinuingEducation, University of Denver. Abbas lCasraian Master's degree, University ofTehran, 1960.Teaching position, Tehran. Rolf Trautsch MA.,San Francisco State, 1969. Position in Dean's Office, Air Force Academy. The participants in the seminar represent, as can-be seen, a varietyof backgrounds and academic preparation. The range is fairly typicalof students in the Higher Education program at the University of Denver. The program usually hassome 35-40 students at various stages of study, and admits approximately 8.-10new students each year. ii 4 The purpose of the seminar is to afford advanced students-an opportunity to explore in depth - -with particular reference to reports on current research and to recent literature- -the topics considered in the more general wow in the course sequence and in other courses in Higher Education.Topics for the seminar are proposed by the staff in Higher Education, but the final decision resides with the inatructor' and the class. In the spring of 1975 it was decided to focus upon some current pressures on the college and university professor.At that point in time both the present and future developments in regard to the tenure system and collective bargaining were being discussed widely enough in the literature to be viewed as-critical areas of concern. In addition, and partially as a result of developments relating to tenure and collective bargaining, faculty development was emerging as another major topic. Several publications had been issued, and funding agencies, the Federal Government as well as-private foundations, had revealed considerable interest in promoting new approaches to faculty development.The editor served as a member of a workshop sponsored by the Danforth- Foundation in Oregon in the fall of 1974 and a workshop sponsored by the Council for the Advance - sent of Small Colleges in August, 1975; both conferences were devoted in large part to issues relating to faculty development. The papers presented in the seminar were divided into three broad areas, collective bargaining, tenure, faculty development.One paper examined recent activities in West Germany and compared the pressures upon faculty members in universities of West Germany with the pressures on faculty members in the United States. In June, 1974, there were338 campuses on which faculty members had chosen collective bargaining agents. This number represented 92 percent of the 367 institutions on which elections had been held to determine whether a bargaining agent should be appointed.This figure constituted 70 more institutions than had been reported some 18 months previously. By June, 1975, an additional 60 to 70 institutions had been organized, and predictions were for the year 1975-76 to be an even more active year in bringing to faculty vote proposals for new bargaining units.The first of three papers in this collection focus on collective bargaining. William Pickett, who is a staff member of a college that was one of the first -in the region to engage in collective bargaining, raises some general questions about the impact of collective bargaining on the internal organization and administration of colleges and universities. Jane Miller deals with the critical question of who is to be included within a bargaining unit, with special reference to part-time faculty and the rulings of the National Labor Relations Board. Lawrence Raful, who completed a law degree at the end of the spring term, 1975, explores the ways in which the development of bargaining units would affect the relations of the institution with statewide coordinating or governing boards. Tenure had coma to be accepted in recent years as a standard part of aciOemie life. But in 1974-75 with the slowdown in enrollment growth and consequent elmwdown in the numbe of persons added to university staffs--some institutions were even experiencing reductions of staffwho should receive tenure and under what circus'. stances was fast becoming a critical issue.Indeed, some writers and speakers