SUMMER/FALL 2010 THE OSS SOCIETY JOURNAL OSS IN MANCHURIA SAUL STEINBERG “It’s a tribute to General Donovan that his OSS had the intelligence and imagination to employ art- ists who served around the world and produced outstanding art. Saul Steinberg, who served in China, Italy, and North Africa, drew 1,200 cartoons and 90 covers for The New Yorker. Henry Koerner created pro- paganda posters for the OWI and was the OSS chief illustrator at the Nuremberg Trials, photographed post-World War II Austria and Ger- many, and created many covers for Time. Dong Kingman served in the OSS along with other notable artists and designers such as Georg Olden, who designed the CBS logo, and Donal McLaughlin, the designer of the United Nations logo.” From Dan Pinck’s review of Dr. Seuss & Co. Go to War: The World War II Editorial Cartoons of America’s Leading Comic Art- ists by Andre Schiffrin on page 44. THE OSS SOCIETY JOURNAL TABLE OF CoNTENts OSS NEWS 6 Joint Special Operations 3 Ross Perot to Receive the William J. Donovan Award® University Holds OSS 4 MG Eldon Bargewell Receives Bull Simons Award Symposium 5 With Modesty, A Hero Gets His Due in New York Ceremony 12 6 Joint Special Operations University: Irregular Warfare The 48-Star American Flag and the OSS Model Studied for Future Strategy Waves Once More in France 8 New Members Elected to Board of Directors 9 Glorious Amateurs Needed in War with Terrorists Long Overdue Premiere for 12 The 48-Star American Flag Waves Once More in France 16 14 Lt. Joseph Gould Receives Bronze Star Posthumously Nuremberg in Canada FEATURES 20 World War II Treasures in 16 Long Overdue Premiere for Nuremberg in Canada Kenneth Rendell’s Museum 19 United States Army Special Operations Command Event 20 World War II Treasures Kenneth Rendell’s Massachusetts Museum Portray Realities of War 22 OSS in Manchuria: 22 OSS in Manchuria: Operation Cardinal Operation Cardinal 26 Former CIA Museum Curator Brings Tools of the Trade to Life 27 CIA Museum Opens Its Doors to The OSS Society’s 28 The OSS’s Eighth Army Members and Families Detachment in Italy: A Few Men and Their Radio HIstoRY 28 The OSS’s Eighth Army Detachment in Italy: A Few 38 Kunming, China: Setting for Men and Their Radio 33 An OSS Courier in Wartime Washington Daring Wartime Operations 34 Robert E. Moyers: OSS Dentist with the Greek Resistance 37 Remembering Her OSS Father: Lt. Col. Hamner Freeman 38 Kunming, China: Setting for Daring Wartime Operations 41 OSS Artist Henry Koerner Celebrated 42 Attention Please DEPARTMENts 44 Book Reviews 58 Remembering OSS Veterans 67 In Memoriam 74 Help Wanted Cover photo: OSS Majors Robert Lamar (l) and James Hennessey (r) with two Russian soldiers in Manchuria during August 1945 as part of Operation Cardinal. For more information about this mission, please This photo of the Duke of Windsor with members of the turn to page 22. Photo courtesy of Dr. Maochun Yu, Professor of East Operational Swimmer Group II was taken in the Bahamas in Asia and Military History, United States Naval Academy. 1945. For more information, please see page 74. Letter From THE PRESIDENT THE OSS SOCIETY JOURNAL HONORARY CHAIRMEN Gen. Bryan D. Brown, USA (Ret.) he mission of The OSS Society is to celebrate the historic accomplish- President George H.W. Bush Tments of the Office of Strategic Services and to educate the American Porter J. Goss public about the continuing importance of strategic intelligence to the Admiral Eric T. Olson Ross Perot preservation of freedom. This issue of The OSS Society Journal fully reflects James R. Schlesinger this dual and complementary purpose. The Viscount Slim Amb. William J. vanden Heuvel There are articles about a daring OSS mission in Manchuria in August William H. Webster 1945 known as Operation Cardinal, one of the OSS “mercy” missions R. James Woolsey intended to save the lives of Allied POWs at the end of the war; about the remarkable and largely unknown story of the OSS’s Eighth Army De- OFFICERS tachment in Italy; and an essay about Dr. Robert E. Moyers that pays a Chairman long overdue tribute to OSS medical personnel. According to its author, Maj. Gen. John K. Singlaub, USA (Ret.) Dr. Jonathan Clemente, OSS legend has it that “General Donovan was Vice Chairman in Cairo in late 1943 ... and happened upon the young U.S. Army dental Col. Alger Ellis, USA (Ret.) officer standing astride two horses in a makeshift rodeo ... OSS needed a President doctor who was good with horses.” Charles T. Pinck Executive Vice President OSS veteran Bruce Anderson tells the story of working as courier for Amb. Hugh Montgomery OSS in Washington as a 17-year-old: “Arriving at Union Station ... I Senior Vice Presidents couldn’t find the building where I was to report ... then a passerby, see- Maj. Gen. Victor J. Hugo, USA (Ret.) ing my distress, said to me: ‘Son, if you’re looking for OSS, it’s there, Walter Mess in the roller rink.’” Kunming, China, comes to life in Bob Bergin’s Col. William H. Pietsch Jr., USA (Ret.) essay about OSS operations there. The work of OSS artists——geniuses, Secretary Aloysia Pietsch Hamalainen really——Saul Steinberg and Henry Koerner is reproduced in this issue. Treasurer Jack Wheat’s memory of his brief encounter with General Donovan is Arthur Reinhardt a touching tribute to the visionary founder of OSS. Dan Pinck, Fisher Howe, and Betty Lussier have generously contributed insightful book BOARD OF DIRECTORS reviews. We also pay respect to OSS veterans who have left us recently Col. Andy Anderson, USA (Ret.) and honor their OSS service. Carl Colby While looking back, we also look forward and explore the lessons learned Col. Alger C. Ellis, USA (Ret.) from OSS and their applicability to current conflicts. Last fall, The OSS Capt. Jeffrey D. Georgia, USN (Ret.) Aloysia Pietsch Hamalainen Society and the Joint Special Operations University held a symposium MG Donald C. Hilbert, USA (Ret.) at the U.S. Special Operations Command that examined this issue (“Ir- Amb. Charles Hostler regular Warfare and the OSS Model”) by bringing together OSS veterans Maj. Gen. Victor Hugo, USA (Ret.) Elizabeth P. McIntosh and U.S. Special Operations Forces personnel to share their experiences. Walter Mess A Special Forces officer said that he pretended to call in airstrikes in Af- John McLaughlin Amb. Hugh Montgomery ghanistan from B-52s circling overhead to impress his Northern Alliance Col. William H. Pietsch Jr., USA (Ret.) fighters. This reminded me about a story my father told regarding his ser- Charles T. Pinck vice with OSS behind enemy lines in China. When he was sending reports Mark F. Pretzat Arthur Reinhardt back to OSS headquarters using a hand-cranked radio, he told his Chinese Michael J. Shaheen Nationalist fighters that he was in direct communication with President Maj. Gen. John K. Singlaub, USA (Ret.) Roosevelt. Although much has changed since World War II, some prin- Bernadette Casey Smith ciples of unconventional warfare practiced by OSS remain unchanged. The OSS Society Journal is published by: Charles Pinck, President The OSS Society, Inc. The OSS Society 6723 Whittier Ave., 200 McLean, VA 22101 703-356-6667 Email: [email protected] Web: www.osssociety.org Editor: Elizabeth P. McIntosh © 2010 The OSS Society, Inc. All rights reserved. William J. Donovan Award, The OSS Society, and the OSS logo are registered trademarks of The OSS Society, Inc. 2 THE OSS SOCIETY JOURNAL News ROSS PEROT TO RECEIVE THE WILLIAM J. DONOVAN AWARD® oss Perot, an honorary (Author Ken Follett, in his Rchairman of The OSS book On Wings of Eagles, Society, has been selected told the story of this dar- to receive The OSS Soci- ing rescue.) ety’s William J. Donovan He has provided medi- Award on October 2, 2010, cal treatment for severely in Washington, D.C. wounded soldiers since Ross Perot was born June Vietnam; funded college 27, 1930, in Texarkana, Texas. scholarships for the chil- At age 19, he entered the dren of soldiers killed in U.S. Naval Academy where action; given financial he served as class president, support to the families of chairman of the Honor Com- POWs; worked with Chi- mittee and Battalion Com- na for the release of an mander. He was chosen as American flight crew that one of the outstanding lead- was detained on Hainan ers at the Naval Academy and Island; supported veter- received the National College ans of Desert Storm who Award for Leadership. After had been harmed by graduating in 1953, he served chemical agents; rescued four years at sea on a destroy- 125 Vietnamese refugees er and on an aircraft carrier. from High Island near In 1962, with a $1,000 Hong Kong who were loan from his wife, Mr. Perot going to be sent back started Electronic Data Sys- to Vietnam; and helped Ross Perot tems (EDS). Over the next 22 disabled veterans. years he built EDS into one Perot has also provided of the world’s largest technology services firms. In 1984, he funding for numerous museums and statues throughout the sold EDS to General Motors for $2.5 billion. In 1988, he United States, including the Marine Corps Museum and founded a new technology services company, Perot Systems the Airborne and Special Operations Museum. He has re- Corporation. He served as chief executive officer until 1992 ceived numerous awards, including the Winston Churchill and again from 1997 until 2000, helping to take the com- Award, the Eisenhower Award, and the Sylvanus Thayer pany public in 1999.