OTHER PUBLICATION Jeremy Goro GULF PROVINCE Kilala Devette-Chee 2009 PROVINCIAL AND Peter Magury Daphney Kollin DISTRICT UNIVERSAL BASIC Martha Waim EDUCATION PROFILE www.pngnri.org September 2020 This page is intentionally left blank OTHER PUBLICATION GULF PROVINCE Jeremy Goro Kilala Devette-Chee 2009 PROVINCIAL AND Peter Magury Daphney Kollin DISTRICT UNIVERSAL Martha Waim BASIC EDUCATION PROFILE September 2020 First published in September 2020 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. Copyright © 2020 The National Research Institute. Direct any inquiries regarding this publication to: The Editorial Unit Leader National Research Institute P.O. Box 5854 Boroko, NCD 111 Papua New Guinea Tel: +675 326 0300/326 0061; Fax: +675 326 0213 Email: [email protected] Website: www.pngnri.org The Papua New Guinea National Research Institute (PNG NRI) is an independent statutory authority established by an Act of Parliament in 1988 and confirmed by the IASER (Amendment) Act 1993. PNG NRI is mandated by legislation to carry out independent research and analysis on development issues affecting PNG. The legislation states that the functions of the PNG NRI are: (a) the promotion of research into Papua New Guinea society and the economy (b) the undertaking of research into social, political and economic problems of Papua New Guinea in order to enable practical solutions to such problems to be formulated. ISBN 9980 75 276 9 National Library Service of Papua New Guinea ABCDE 202423222120 The opinions expressed in this report are those of the authors and not necessarily the views of the Papua New Guinea National Research Institute. Cover designed by PNG NRI Digital Media Unit Table of Contents Acknowledgement iv Abbreviations and Acronyms v Foreword vi Introduction 1 Provincial education system coverage 2 Overview of Universal Basic Education indicators 3 Guide to data sources 5 Limitation of data 6 Gulf Province 7 Kerema District 11 Kikori District 14 Summary of findings 17 Bibliography 18 i List of Charts, Figures and Tables List of Tables Table 1: Gulf Province — number of schools, classes, students and teachers by school level 8 Table 2: Gulf Province — distribution of schools by district and school level 8 Table 3: Gulf Province — number of schools and distribution (%) by basic education providers 9 Table 4: Gulf Province — net admission rates 9 Table 5: Gulf Province — gross and net enrolment rates 10 Table 6: Gulf Province — retention rates 10 Table 7: Gulf Province — Grade 8 examination results by subject 10 Table 8: Kerema District — number of schools, classes, students and teachers by school level 12 Table 9: Kerema District — number of schools by basic education providers 12 Table 10: Kerema District — net admission rates 13 Table 11: Kerema District — gross and net enrolment rates 13 Table 12: Kerema District — retention rates 13 Table 13: Kerema District — Grade 8 examination results by subject 13 Table 14: Kikori District — number of schools, classes, students and teachers by school level 15 Table 15: Kikori District — number of schools by basic education providers 15 Table 16: Kikori District — net admission rates 16 Table 17: Kikori District — gross and net enrolment rates 16 Table 18: Kikori District — retention rates 16 Table 19: Kikori District — Grade 8 examination results by subject 16 Table 20: Summary of Gulf Province’s Performance in UBE in 2009 17 List of Figures Figure 1: Gulf Province map and population figures 7 Figure 2: Gulf Province — basic education distribution 8 Figure 3: Gulf Province — basic education providers 9 Figure 4: Kerema District map 11 Figure 5: Kerema District — basic education distribution 12 Figure 6: Kerema District — basic education providers 12 Figure 7: Kikori District map 14 Figure 8: Kikori District — basic education distribution 15 Figure 9: Kikori District — basic education providers 15 ii iii Acknowledgement We are indebted to the Department of Education (DoE) for the use of its 2009National Annual School Census data to compile the Gulf Province District and Provincial Universal Basic Education Profile. We would like to thank the National Statistical Office for providing the soft copies of the district and provincial maps, and for the 2009 population figures used in the profiles. We also thank Lewis Iwong for modifying the base maps. We wish to express our sincere appreciation to Dr Thomas Webster, Dr Charles Yala and Dr David Ayers for their insights, encouragement and passion for the project. We acknowledge the efforts of our colleagues, Peter Kerrison and the staff of the Knowledge Management Division, for layout of the profiles, the research cadets for their help with data downloading and formatting, and Dr Esther Lavu for her invaluable comments during the drafting of the profiles. About the Authors Jeremy Goro is a Research fellow in the Universal Basic Education Research Program at the PNG National Research Institute. He has a Master of Education specialising in research and pedagogy from the University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia. His research interest areas include education and curriculum reforms, understanding issues in higher education, economics of education, governance of education and cross-cutting issues in education. He also has research interest in governance and service deliveries in Papua New Guinea. Dr Kilala Devette-Chee is a Senior Research Fellow and the Program Leader of the Universal Basic Education Program at the PNG National Research Institute. She holds a PhD in Educational Linguistics and Masters in English Language Teaching from the University of Canberra as well as a Postgraduate Diploma in Linguistics and Applied Linguistics from the Australian National University. Her current research interest is in the fight and advocacy for quality education which is the foundation to creating sustainable development. As vice chair of the PNG Education Advocacy Network and the South Pacific female representative in the Asia South Pacific Association for Basic & Adult Education’s (ASPBAE) Executive Council, which promotes equitable quality education and promotes life-long learning for all, Dr Devette-Chee advocates for “leaving no child behind”. Peter Michael Magury is a Research Fellow with the Development Indicators Research Program at the PNG National Research Institute. Prior to that Mr Magury was a Research Fellow with the Universal Basic Education (UBE) Research Program. His current projects include the 2019 selected education indicators of access, retention and quality at agreed geographical levels and understanding the basic concept of Access, Retention, and Quality Indicators in UBE Plan 2010–2019. Mr Magury received his bachelor’s degree in science from the University of Papua New Guinea and his master’s degree in statistics from the Swinburne University of Technology in Melbourne. Following his master’s degree, Mr Magury served as a principle statistician overseeing the statistics unit and the Education Management Information System (EMIS) at the Department of Education. His research and development interests are in the areas of social statistics and indicators for policy formulation and analysis, monitoring and evaluation of social indicators. Daphney Kollin and Martha Waim were research cadets working under the Universal Basic Education Program at the time this report was written. Both had graduated from the University of Papua New Guinea with Bachelors in Economics in 2017. iv Abbreviations and Acronyms CRR cohort retention rate DoE Department of Education EMIS Education Management Information System GER gross enrolment rate LLG local-level government NRI National Research Institute NAR net admission rate NER net enrolment rate PNG Papua New Guinea SDA Seventh Day Adventist UBE Universal Basic Education Glossary of terms Elementary education Programs at the initial stage of an organised instruction, which are designed to introduce very young children, usually from age 6 to 8 to a school type environment. This is to provide a bridge between school and home. Such programs are a more formal component of the Early Childhood Care and Education. Upon completion of this program, children continue to lower primary education. Gross enrolment rate Number of students enrolled in a given level of education regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the population in the relevant official age group. Note also that GER can be higher than 100 percent as a result of grade repetition and entry to school by younger and over-age children than the correct-age. Net enrolment ratio Number of students enrolled in the official age group for a given level of education enrolled in that level expressed as a percentage of the total population in that age group. Net admission rate Number of students in the official school entrance age who are new entrants into the first grade of elementary education, expressed as a percentage of the total population in that age group. This indicator is sometimes known as net intake rate. Primary education Education programs that are usually designed on a unit or project basis to give students a sound basic education in reading, writing and mathematics with an elementary understanding of other subjects such as history, geography, natural science, social science, art and music. In some cases, religious instruction is also taught. It has pupils enrolled in Grades 3 to 8. Children enrolled in primary school are around nine years old. Retention rate Number of students who complete the final year (Grade 8) of primary school expressed as a percentage of the number who entered the first year (elementary prep). v Foreword Education has been a focal point of the Government of Papua New Guinea’s development strategy prior to, and after independence in 1975. This is due to its importance in the overall development of people capacity and the positive impact it will have on the citizens’ quality of life. The emphasis and strategies to develop education in Papua New Guinea (PNG) were influenced by international conventions associated with this sector.