MnPASS System Study Phase 3 Final Report 12/1/2017 MnPASS System Study Phase 3 | Final Report 1 Table of Contents Table of Contents ...................................................................................................................................... 2 Table of Figures ......................................................................................................................................... 4 Table of Tables .......................................................................................................................................... 6 Acronyms ................................................................................................................................................... 8 Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................... 9 1. Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... 16 2. Review of Previous Studies ................................................................................................................. 19 3. Initial Corridor Screening ..................................................................................................................... 21 4. System Scenario Evaluation Method................................................................................................... 39 5. System Scenario No.1 .......................................................................................................................... 46 6. System Scenario No.2 .......................................................................................................................... 52 7. System Scenario No.3 .......................................................................................................................... 59 8. Results Summary ................................................................................................................................. 66 9. MnPASS Benefits ................................................................................................................................. 68 10. MnPASS System Issues and Opportunities ........................................................................................ 74 Operations .......................................................................................................................................... 74 Evolving Technologies ......................................................................................................................... 84 Environmental Justice and Equity ....................................................................................................... 93 Transit ................................................................................................................................................. 94 Freight ................................................................................................................................................. 96 Enforcement ....................................................................................................................................... 99 Enforcement Challenges ................................................................................................................... 102 Finance .............................................................................................................................................. 106 11. Coordination with the Congestion Management Safety Plan (CMSP) ............................................ 109 12. MnPASS Spot Mobility Improvements ............................................................................................ 112 13. Transit Agency Feedback ................................................................................................................. 113 14. Conclusion ....................................................................................................................................... 114 15. References ....................................................................................................................................... 116 MnPASS System Study Phase 3 | Final Report 2 16. Appendices ...................................................................................................................................... 118 Appendix A. MnPASS Phase 3 - Constructability / Affordability Evaluation Table ........................... 118 Appendix B. PMT and TSC Members ................................................................................................ 121 Appendix C. System Scenario Corridor Inclusion .............................................................................. 124 Appendix D. Individual Corridor Results ........................................................................................... 126 Appendix E. Review of Previous Studies Technical Memorandum ................................................... 143 MnPASS System Study Phase 3 | Final Report 3 Table of Figures Figure 1: System Scenario 3 Corridor Map ................................................................................................. 12 Figure 2: Trips with a congestion-free option under Scenario 3 ................................................................ 13 Figure 3 – MnPASS System Study and TPP Timeline ................................................................................... 17 Figure 4 – Study Process ............................................................................................................................. 18 Figure 5: Existing and TPP Corridors ........................................................................................................... 25 Figure 6: Additional Corridors ..................................................................................................................... 26 Figure 7: Typical Sections ............................................................................................................................ 31 Figure 8: Roadway Improvement Assumptions .......................................................................................... 45 Figure 9: System Scenario #1 Map .............................................................................................................. 47 Figure 10: System Scenario #2 Map ............................................................................................................ 54 Figure 11: System Scenario #3 Map ............................................................................................................ 61 Figure 12: Congested Peak Period Freeway Trips (System with No MnPASS) ............................................ 68 Figure 13: Congested Peak Period Freeway Trips (System with Existing MnPASS) .................................... 69 Figure 14: Congested Peak Period Freeway Trips (System with Existing and Tier 1 MnPASS) ................... 69 Figure 15: Congested Peak Period Freeway Trips ....................................................................................... 70 Figure 16: Congested Peak Period Freeway Trips ....................................................................................... 70 Figure 17 : Trips with a congestion-free option under Scenario 3 ............................................................. 71 Figure 18: Peak Period Person Trips .......................................................................................................... 73 Figure 19: I-35W MnPASS ........................................................................................................................... 74 Figure 20: Segmented Pricing ..................................................................................................................... 75 Figure 21: Lane Exceptions ......................................................................................................................... 77 Figure 22: Switchable Tag Transponder ...................................................................................................... 78 Figure 23: Double White Striping Restricting Access to MnPASS ............................................................... 80 Figure 24: Dashed Striping Allowing Access to MNPASS ............................................................................ 80 Figure 25: SAE Automated Function Classification (Fehr and Peers, 2017) ................................................ 86 Figure 26: Transit using MnPASS ................................................................................................................ 94 Figure 27: Bus Operator Survey 1 ............................................................................................................... 96 Figure 28: Bus Operator Survey 2 ............................................................................................................... 96 Figure 29: Truck Restrictions ....................................................................................................................... 97 MnPASS System Study Phase 3 | Final Report 4 Figure 30: Tolls for 3+ Axle Trucks/Trailers ................................................................................................. 97 Figure 31: Enforcement Assistance CCTV Camera .................................................................................... 100 Figure 32: Image Quality Problems