a8.90 European D 14974 E Security ESD & Defence 2/2021 International Security and Defence Journal COUNTRY FOCUS: ITALY ISSN 1617-7983 • www.euro-sd.com • Dutch Defence Industry • Royal Saudi Air Force • High-End Thermal Imaging • Advances in Naval Mine Warfare • Internet of Military Things February 2021 • Battlefield Lasers • CBRN Reconnaissance Politics · Armed Forces · Procurement · Technology DEFENSE. MOBILITY. SYSTEMS To face the growing geostrategic complexity and to better serve their customers, Renault Trucks Defense, Acmat and Panhard have brought together their fields of expertise and united their forces under one single brand: ARQUUS-DEFENSE.COM Vehicules_Arquus_210x297.indd 1 22/05/2018 15:06 Editorial Winter is Coming On 1 July 1944, the United States convened a conference at a ski resort hotel in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire. Delegates of 44 allied nations were there to discuss the post-war global order with America, then the world’s military, financial and economic superpower. The American proposal was simple. Instead of absorbing the European and Axis empires and establishing Pax Americana, the Washington delegation proposed three things: free access to the American market, protection of shipping lanes, and security from the Sovi- ets, including a nuclear umbrella. In return, the 44 nations would allow America to fight the Cold War in any manner it chose. Exchanging their national security policies for those three gifts was a no-brainer, and globalization was born. In the following years, organisations administering the new world order grew in number, size and power. They now include NATO, the UN, the World Trade Organisation (WTO), the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, the G7, and others. In 72 years, these organisations changed the 44 Bretton Woods members from needy supplicants to power- ful competitors. The problem is, they continue to draw on the economic concessions and largesse of the country that founded the system – the United States. Then the disruptor of globalisation entered the White House in 2016. Trump’s election astonished globalist bureaucrats and Deep State careerists in Washing- ton. Together with the Democrat Party and the mainstream media, they spent the next four years vilifying the president and preparing for the 2020 election. Trump spent those years expanding the economy, reducing taxes, increasing jobs, and ending U.S. depend- ence on foreign oil. He also earned the eternal enmity of the Bretton Woods globalists by leaving or replacing multilateral alliances like NAFTA and the Trans Pacific Partnership, by insisting on tariffs favouring the US despite WTO complaints, and by confronting NATO allies with demands they pay the agreed-upon amounts for their defence. Resistance to Trump reached a peak when the Democrat Party, mainstream media, social media, and some senior US bureaucrats stole the 2020 election by combining fraudulent mail-in ballots, rigged ballot counting machines, and brazen fraud at polling places. There are too many videos and sworn affidavits to doubt that during a pause in ballot counting in several key states, millions of ballots appeared and radically changed the contest. If one needs details, there are the studies by Dr. Peter K. Navarro. Having captured the White House and Congress by exploiting the flaws inherent in a mail-in voting system, the Democrats decided to make the system permanent. Just days after Biden’s inauguration, an 800-page bill appeared in the Democrat Congress. Among many other things, HR-1 will: • Require that all states implement universal voter registration. Voters will not be required to register in person, but can be registered from databases, whether or not they are il- legal aliens or felons. • Bar states from passing any laws about mail-in voting. • Require that voters without an ID be allowed to vote if they simply sign a statement saying they are who they say they are. • Create a new Federal Election Commission of five members appointed by the president. The president’s party would get three of five seats and be able to make changes to elec- toral rules at any time. In reaction to such alarming legislation, suppression of freedom of speech, calls from Democrats to confiscate firearms and to send “Trumpists” to re-education camps, it is no surprise that Texas state legislator Kyle Biedermann introduced a bill to allow Texans to vote on secession from the United States. It is too early to know if other states will join Texas, but as characters in the TV series Game of Thrones said when danger approached, “winter is coming,” American conservatives now know that grave internal dangers are on their nation’s horizon. The chill of that winter will reach Europe. Chet Nagle 2/2021 · European Security & Defence 1 Contents Photo: ODU Photo: Kalashnikov Optical scopes constitute the Page 48 Military connectors have to withstand Page 41 state-of-the-art in gunsights. harsh environmental conditions. SECURITY POLICY 56 Unmanned Systems in Support of Future Autonomy 14 Turkey’s New Role in NATO Alex Horobets Korhan Özkilinc 62 Ground-Based Battlefield Laser Applications and Technology Sidney E. Dean COUNTRY FOCUS: ITALY 68 Satellite Navigation – Is this just Phantasy? 1 8 Cooperation for International Security Thomas Withington Luca Peruzzi 72 CBRN Reconnaissance: 22 Italy’s Strategic Concept Obsolete or Omnipresent? General Enzo Vecciarelli Dan Kaszeta 27 “International cooperation in the 74 The Impact of Secure Tactical Video Transmission military procurement sector has always been John Antal of crucial importance.” Interview with Lieutenant General Nicolò Falsaperna 32 The Italian Defence Industrial Base INDUSTRY & MARKETS Carlo Festucci 76 “Self-Reliance” and “Self-Respect”: Aero India 2021 Suman Sharma ARMAMENT & TECHNOLOGY 80 Op-Ed: EDGE Group 36 High-End Thermal Imaging Systems H.E. Faisal Al Bannai Doug Richardson 82 Outcome-Based Contracting 41 Connectors for Harsh Environments Peter Janatschek, Joe Spruill, Gustavo Scotti di Uccio Tim Guest 86 The Dutch Defence Sector on the Way 44 The Internet of Military Things – towards a European Defence Market Too Much Information? Ron Nulkes Thomas Withington 48 Scopes: Identification, Digitalisation and Range Superiority ARMED FORCES André Forkert 89 The Royal Saudi Air Force – 52 Hardware Upgrade: Confronting Multi-Dimensional Threats The Future of Rugged Devices David Saw Gerrard Cowan 92 Advances in Naval Mine Countermeasures 54 Ground Support Equipment: Often Luca Peruzzi Disregarded, yet of Vital Importance Florian Lobitz 98 Indian Naval Aviation Considering Major Reforms in 2021 Suman Sharma 2 European Security & Defence · 2/2021 VIEWPOINT FROM … 61 Copenhagen J. Bo Leimand 85 New Delhi Suman Sharma Photo: Audun Rikardsen THE BRUSSELS BACKDROP IMU TACTICAL GRADE 66 EU and NATO - A Synchronised New Approach to Transatlantic Partnership Hans Uwe Mergener COLUMNS 1 Editorial 4 Firms & Faces 5 ESD Spotlight 70 Masthead 1:1 scale STIM300 is a tactical grade Inertial Index of Advertisers Measurement Unit, IMU, for demanding Aeronautics 77 guidance and navigation applications. Arquus 2nd cover Bren-Tronics 40, 53 • ITAR free CTA 59 • Small size, low weight, power and cost • Insensitive to magnetic fi elds Curtiss-Wright 78/79 • Low gyro bias instability (0.3°/h) DEFEA 60 • Low gyro noise (0.15°/√h) EDGE 35 • Low accelerometer bias instability (0.05 mg) Embraer 13 • Excellent performance under vibration and shock Expodefensa 45 • Fully calibrated and customer confi gur able to the FNSS 9 specifi c application • 3 inclinometers for accurate leveling IDEX 81 • Weight 55 grams, volume <2cu.in, power 1.5 W John Cockerill 4th cover Koehler 93, 97 STIM300 is fi eld proven in Military Land navigators, Mittler 3rd cover Missile systems, Target acquisition systems, Airborne surveillance, DIRCM, Remote Weapon Systems, Launch Nexter 17 vehicles and Satellites. ODU 43 Sensonor 3 Shield Africa 69 Vected 37, 51 WB Group 47 When size, performance and robustness matter Yugoimport 7, 57 [email protected] • sensonor.com 2/2021 · European Security & Defence 3 Firms & Faces DNV GL Changes Name with the EU and NATO. Russell Gould, Man- Unit has been established under the man- (jr) Assurance aging Director of HENSOLDT UK, is taking agement of Lorenzo Benigni in his capacity and risk man- over responsibility for the international Busi- as Senior Vice President Governmental and agement com- ness Development to further strengthen Institutional Relation. Image: DNV GL pany DNV GL Hensoldt’s business in global growth markets. The company’s operating management will will change its Both will become members of the Group Ex- be consolidated and reinforced by creating name to DNV on ecutive Committee and succeed Sabine Hipp, three new operating units reporting directly 1 March 2021. Head of Sales & Marketing, who is taking ear- to the CEO and COO: The move comes ly-retirement after more than 35 years with • The Engineering & Operations Unit, su- after a comprehensive review of the com- the company. She will continue to serve the pervising the coordination and integra- pany’s strategy as it positions itself for an en- Executive Board as a Special Advisor until the tion of all the company’s operating areas, vironment in which many of DNV’s markets end of March 2021. will be headed by Simone Astiaso. are undergoing fundamental change. The sales organisation will be divided into • The Strategy, Innovation & Transforma- The present name has been in place since two segments: Governmental Business tion Unit will build the company’s me- the 2013 following the merger between Development and International Business dium and long term strategic corporate Det Norske Veritas (DNV) and Germanischer Development. Hensoldt is therefore taking and product sustainability and will be Lloyd (GL). The name simplification is a natu- account of its global presence and increas- headed by Gianni Maratta. ral consequence of a successfully completed ingly international strategic orientation. • “Future Business: Tempest, EFA, EVO merger and of having operated as a fully With a stronger focus on the national and and Public Financing” will coordinate integrated company for several years now.