JOURNAL OF THE ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BANGLADESH SCIENCE ISSN 1016-6947 Vol. 39 No. 1 June 2013 Editor Z. N. Tahmida Begum Associate Editor M. Niamul Naser THE ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BANGLADESH THE ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BANGLADESH EDITORIAL BOARD 2012 and 2013 Chairperson : Professor Mahfuza Khanam Editor : Professor Z. N. Tahmida Begum Associate Editor : Professor M. Niamul Naser Members : Professor Ajoy Roy Professor Mesbah-us-Saleheen Professor Dr. M.K.I. Quayyum Choudhury Professor Yousuf Ali Molla Professor Dr. Amena Begum Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, Science is published twice a year (June and December comprising one volume) in English. Original research papers dealing with all branches of science with special reference to Asiatic studies by the members of the Society are published. Any non-member of the Society may publish a research paper if it is communicated by a member of the Society. SUBSCRIPTION Annual per volume: Single issue: Inland : Tk. 500.00 Inland : Tk. 250.00 Foreign : $ 40.00 Foreign : $ 20.00 CORRESPONDENCE All correspondence should be addressed to The General Secretary, The Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, 5 Old Secretariat Road (Nimtali), Ramna, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh. Phone : 9576391, E-mail : [email protected], www.asiaticsociety.org.bd PUBLISHED BY The Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. PRINTED AT Asiatic Civil Military Press 43/10 C, Swamibagh, Dhaka, Bangladesh. JOURNAL OF THE ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BANGLADESH SCIENCE (J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci.) Vol. 39 No. 1 June 2013 CONTENTS 1 INSECT PESTS OF SOYBEAN (GLYCINE MAX L.), THEIR NATURE OF DAMAGE AND SUCCESSION WITH THE CROP STAGES – G.C. Biswas 9 BIOINFORMATICS ANALYSIS OF NOVEL NON-CODING MOTIFS IN PATHOGENIC BACTERIAL GENOME – Nishat Shayala and Ishtiaque Rashid 21 EFFECT OF HERBICIDES ON THE GROWTH, YIELD COMPONENTS AND YIELD OF BR11 PADDY – A.B. Ziauddin Hossain and Md. Azizur Rahman 27 IN VITRO CONTROL OF FIVE PATHOGENIC FUNGI ISOLATED FROM GROUNDNUT (ARACHIS HYPOGAEA L.) – Shaila Sharmin and Shamim Shamsi 35 SURVEY ON THE INCIDENCE AND SEVERITY OF COMMON SCAB OF POTATO IN BANGLADESH – Najmun Naher, Mohammad Hossain and M. A. Bashar 43 OPTIMIZATION OF CULTURE CONDITIONS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF XYLANASE BY TWO THERMOPHILIC FUNGI UNDER SOLID STATE FERMENTATION – Kumkum Azad, Md. Abdul Halim and Feroza Hossain 53 PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF SILT PREPARED FROM BIJOYPUR SOIL – T. S. A. Islam, Y. Zaker, M. A. Hossain and M. S. Islam 61 BIOLOGY OF THE ANGOUMOIS GRAIN MOTH, SITOTROGA CEREALELLA (OLIVER) ON STORED RICE GRAIN IN LABORATORY CONDITION – T. Akter, M. Jahan and M.S. I. Bhuiyan 69 STATUS AND PROSPECTS OF AQUACULTURE PRACTICES IN BARURA UPAZILA, COMILLA, BANGLADESH – M. I. Hossain and N. G. Das 77 PESTICIDE RESIDUES IN SOME SELECTED POND WATER SAMPLES OF MEHERPUR REGION OF BANGLADESH – M. Amin Uddin, Minakshi Saha, M.A.Z. Chowdhury and M A. Rahman 83 DIVERSITY OF FRUIT AND TIMBER TREE SPECIES IN THE COASTAL HOMESTEADS OF SOUTHERN BANGLADESH – SK. Ahiul Islam, Md. Abdul Quddus Miah and Md. Ahsan Habib 95 MINERALOGICAL COMPOSITION OF SOILS FROM URIR CHAR − A TINY OFFSHORE ISLAND OF BANGLADESH – M.S. Hussain, Z. H. Khan and M. Ibrahim 105 HISTOPATHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF EXTRACTS OF TWO INDIGENOUS PLANTS, PONGAMIA PINNATA (L.) PIERRE AND CLERODENDRUM VISCOSUM (VENT.) ON THE CAT FISH, HETEROPNEUSTES FOSSILIS (BLOCH) – Munira Nasiruddin, Mohammad Ali Azadi and Mahmuda Sharmin Nely 117 PREVALENCE OF DIFFERENT PROTOZOAN PARASITES IN PATIENTS VISITING AT ICDDR B HOSPITAL, DHAKA – Shahela Alam, Hamida Khanum, Rimi Farhana Zaman and Rashidul Haque Short Communication 125 ECO-ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES OF HAIL HAOR WETLAND RESOURCES UNDER SYLHET BASIN OF BANGLADESH DUE TO SEDIMENTATION: A GIS APPROACH – M. J. Uddin, A. S.M. Mohiuddin and S. T. Hossain J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 39(1): 1-8, June 2013 INSECT PESTS OF SOYBEAN (GLYCINE MAX L.), THEIR NATURE OF DAMAGE AND SUCCESSION WITH THE CROP STAGES G.C. BISWAS Oilseed Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh Abstract Thirty nine species of insect pests were found to infest soybean crop at their different growth stages in Noakhali region of Bangladesh during January to May, 2010 and 2011. Among the recorded pest species, six species namely, hairy caterpillar, Spilarctia obliqua (Walker); leaf roller, Lamprosema indicata F; common cutworm, Spodoptera litura F; pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner); stem fly, Ophiomyia phaseoli (Tryon) and white fly; Bemisia tabaci Genn. were considered as the major pests while the rests were of minor importance on the basis of population densities per plant, nature and extent of damages, and yield reductions. Most of the major and minor pests appeared in the crop during vegetative to flowering stages (30-50 Days after sowing) and the maximum insect population and their infestation occurred during flowering and pod formation stages of the crop throughout the study period. Key words: Insect pests, Soybean, Glycine max, Damage, Succession, Crop stages Introduction Soybean (Glycine max L.) is one of the most important crops which is grown for oil and protein in both the rabi and kharif seasons. Seeds of soybean contain about 42% protein and 20% oil and provide 60% of the world supply of vegetable protein and 30% of the edible oil (Fehr 1989). In Bangladesh this crop is comparatively new but soybean oil is very much popular as edible oil. However, recently the crop gained popularity in the poultry industry and its cultivation expands day by day. In the Greater Noakhali region ( Noakhali and Laxmipur districts) soybean is the major oilseed crop and is extensively cultivated. Cultivation of soybean covered about 55,000 hectares of land and produced about 90,000 metric tones of seeds during the period 2009-2010 in Bangladesh (Anonymous 2011). One of the major constraints to the successful soybean production in Bangladesh is the damage caused due to insect pests. Research experiences reveal that 15 - 20 percent of the total soybean production is lost directly or indirectly by the attack of insect pests every year (Biswas 2008). In order to evolve economically feasible, ecologically sound and socially acceptable pest management strategies, detailed information on the pest complex, their status and sequence of appearance during the crop period, losses and type of damage are of great importance (Jayanthi et al. 1993). In Bangladesh, check lists of insect pests of soybean and their succession in relation to crop stages are scanty. Only the list of some insect 2 Biswas pests of soybean in Bangladesh was recorded (Sardar and Debnath 1984, Kaul and Das 1986, Ali 1988, Begum 1995, Biswas et al. 2001 and Biswas 2008). Therefore, the present research work was undertaken to record the insect pests of soybean, their nature of damage, incidence, infestation and time of appearance with the crop stages. Materials and Methods The research work was conducted in the field of Subarna Char, at Noakhali and in the laboratory of Oilseed Research Centre, BARI, Gazipur during rabi 2009-2010 and 2010- 2011 crop seasons. The survey was conducted from one hectare land soybean field cultivated by the farmers with the supervision of scientists of Oilseed Research Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur. The experimental plot measured 10 m X 10 m. The seeds of soybean were sown in the plots on 4th week of December of 2009 and 2010. There were four replications and plots were selected following a Randomize Complete Block Design. The rows and plants were spaced 30 cm and 10 cm apart, respectively. The recommended agronomic practices for raising the crop were maintained following the work of Mondal and Wahhab (2001). Observation on species of insect pests with their population per plant was recorded from seedling to matured stage of the crop from 10 randomly selected samples of the plants in each plot. The time of appearance of the pests were observed and recorded. The nature of damage and feeding behaviour of the insects were carefully observed and their photographs were taken in the crop fields and in the laboratory. The recordings of data were included visual observations, hand tens, and hand picking of insects from the standing crops during 7:00-10:00 a.m and 4:00-6:00 p.m at weekly intervals. Some insects were also collected by aspirators for laboratory studies. The collected insects were preserved in the insect box and vial having 75% alcohol for identification. Relative population of insect was counted as suggested by Biswas et al. (2001). The collected insects were also reared in the laboratory at an ambient temperature (24-340 C) in cages and preserved in the insect boxes. The insects (specimens) were preliminarily identified following Maxwell- Lefroy (1909), Borror et al. (1975), Fletcher (1985), Nair (1986), Singh (1990) and Biswas (2008). The insects were graded as major and minor on the basis of their population density per plant, nature and extent of damage of the crop and the yield reduction. The insect pests were also grouped as stem feeders, leaf feeders, leaf roller, sap sucker and borer on the basis of their feeding behaviour. Results and Discussion Pest complex of soybean: Thirty nine species of insect pests belonging to seven orders and 22 families were found to infest at the different growth stages of soybean crop in Noakhali region, Bangladesh during rabi seasons of two consecutive years 2009-10 and 2010-11(Table 1). Of these, only six species namely, hairy caterpillar, Spilarctia obliqua (Walker); leaf roller, Lamprosema indicata F.; common cutworm, Spodoptera litura F.; Insect pests of soybean (Glycine Max L.) 3 Table 1. Insect pests recorded from soybean crop ecosystems at Noakhali region, Bangladesh during 2009-10 and 2010-11 crop seasons. SL Common Name Scientific Order Family Feeding no. Name behaviour 01. Hairy caterpillar Spilarctia obliqua (Walker) Lepidoptera Arctiidae Leaf eater 02.