BioMed Research International Biochemistry: Production of High-Added Value Biomolecules for Industrial Uses Lead Guest Editor: Maha Karra-Chaabouni Guest Editors: Mohamed Trigui, María M. Yust, Mireille K. Awad, and Pedro J. Garcia-Moreno Biochemistry: Production of High-Added Value Biomolecules for Industrial Uses BioMed Research International Biochemistry: Production of High-Added Value Biomolecules for Industrial Uses Lead Guest Editor: Maha Karra-Chaabouni Guest Editors: Mohamed Trigui, María M. Yust, Mireille K. Awad, and Pedro J. Garcia-Moreno Copyright © 2018 Hindawi. All rights reserved. This is a special issue published in “BioMed Research International.” All articles are open access articles distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Contents Biochemistry: Production of High-Added Value Biomolecules for Industrial Uses Maha Karra-Chaabouni ,MohamedTrigui ,MaríaM.Yust , Mireille K. Awad, and Pedro J. García-Moreno Volume 2018, Article ID 4012145, 2 pages Citrus limon from Tunisia: Phytochemical and Physicochemical Properties and Biological Activities Mohamed Makni ,RaouaJemai , Walid Kriaa, Yassine Chtourou, and Hamadi Fetoui Volume 2018, Article ID 6251546, 10 pages Antagonistic Properties of Some Halophilic Thermoactinomycetes Isolated from Superficial Sediment of a Solar Saltern and Production of Cyclic Antimicrobial Peptides by the Novel Isolate Paludifilum halophilum Donyez Frikha Dammak, Ziad Zarai, Soumaya Najah, Rayed Abdennabi, Lassaad Belbahri, Mostafa E. Rateb, Hafedh Mejdoub, and Sami Maalej Volume 2017, Article ID 1205258, 13 pages Kinetics of Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activity Using Vitis vinifera Leaf Extracts Yung-Sheng Lin, Hui-Ju Chen, Jung-Ping Huang, Pei-Chi Lee, Ching-Ru Tsai, Tzu-Fang Hsu, and Wen-Ying Huang Volume 2017, Article ID 5232680, 5 pages The Potential of a Brown Microalga Cultivated in High Salt Medium for the Production of High-Value Compounds Saoussan Boukhris, Khaled Athmouni, Ibtissem Hamza-Mnif, Rayda Siala-Elleuch, Habib Ayadi, Moncef Nasri, and Alya Sellami-Kamoun Volume 2017, Article ID 4018562, 10 pages Nutritional Composition and Phytochemical, Antioxidative, and Antifungal Activities of Pergularia tomentosa L. Imen Lahmar, Hafedh Belghith, Ferjani Ben Abdallah, and Karima Belghith Volume 2017, Article ID 6903817, 9 pages Hindawi BioMed Research International Volume 2018, Article ID 4012145, 2 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/4012145 Editorial Biochemistry: Production of High-Added Value Biomolecules for Industrial Uses Maha Karra-Chaabouni ,1 Mohamed Trigui ,1 María M. Yust ,2 Mireille K. Awad,3 and Pedro J. García-Moreno4 1 Preparatory Institute for Engineering Studies, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia 2Instituto de la Grasa-CSIC, Sevilla, Spain 3Saint-Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon 4National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark Correspondence should be addressed to Maha Karra-Chaabouni; [email protected] Received 21 January 2018; Accepted 22 January 2018; Published 13 February 2018 Copyright © 2018 Maha Karra-Chaabouni et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Natural resources (plant, microorganisms, and algae) con- Thermoactinomycetes Isolated from Superficial Sediment stitute a renewable reservoir of high-added value molecules of a Solar Saltern and Production of Cyclic Antimicrobial used in various fields such as health, food, pharmaceuticals, Peptides by the Novel Isolate Paludifilum halophilum,”D. and cosmetics. These molecules obtained by extraction or F. Dammak et al. have isolated halophilic actinomycetes bioconversion are considered natural and have gained an from a concentrator and crystallizer solar saltern ponds and increasing interest at the expense of synthetic products. This explored their potential to produce drugs against agricultural is due to the fact that consumers are raising awareness and human pathogens. In the paper entitled “The Potential towards the benefits of natural products particularly in food, of a Brown Microalga Cultivated in High Salt Medium for beverages, and medicines. Moreover, the development of dif- the Production of High-Value Compounds,” S. Boukhris et ferent bioprocesses, particularly techniques for biomolecules al. investigated the physicochemical properties of bioactive extraction and bioconversion (e.g., maceration, supercritical- compounds produced from Amphora sp. (Bacillariophyceae) fluid extraction, fermentation, and enzyme catalysis), allows cultivated in a hypersaline medium. The fatty acids profile the discovery of novel bioactive compounds which can be and biological activities (antioxidant and antibacterial) of the potentially used as drugs or for the fortification of foods. ethanolic extract of Amorpha sp. were also determined. This special issue contains five papers related to the Phytochemicals extracted from plants are a rich source production of high-added value biomolecules from natu- of bioactive molecules including phenolics, vitamins, and ral resources and their use in industrial applications. An flavonoids. These molecules have been recognized as the most overview of the research works published in this special issue promisingcompoundsforthedevelopmentofmedicines is given below. used in several pharmacological activities (e.g., anti-inflam- Microorganisms continuously provide new bioactive mation, antimicrobial, antihypertension). This is the subject compounds which are used for the development of novel of the following three papers published in this special issue. In drugs for the treatment of human, animal, and plant dis- the paper entitled “Kinetics of Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activity eases, especially the production of antibiotics more effective Using Vitis vinifera Leaf Extracts,” Y.-S. Lin et al. studied the against resistant microbes. In this special issue two papers tyrosinase inhibitory activity of red vine leaf extract (RVLE) investigate the capacity of microorganisms isolated from containing gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, epicatechin, rutin, extreme conditions to produce active biomolecules. In the and resveratrol, which are effective compounds for skin paper entitled “Antagonistic Properties of Some Halophilic hyperpigmentation. The authors reported that RVLE had 2 BioMed Research International an effective tyrosinase inhibitory activity and can be used as a whitening agent for cosmetic formulations in the future. In the paper entitled “Nutritional Composition and Phytochemical, Antioxidative, and Antifungal Activities of Pergularia tomentosa L.”, I. Lahmar et al. evaluated the antioxidant properties of extracts from four different organs (roots, stems, leaves, and fruits) of a medicinal Tunisian plant, Pergularia tomentosa L. In addition, this work showed that stem and fruit extracts exhibit an antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, which could become an alternative to synthetic fungicide. In the paper entitled “Citrus limon from Tunisia: Phytochemical and Physicochemical Properties and Biological Activities” M. Makni et al. realized quantitative and qualitative characterizations of the zest and the flesh of lemon (Citrus limon). In order to valorize the pharmacological uses of lemon, the authors evaluated its biological activities (antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, and antiproliferative activities). We hope that this special issue provides to the readers with valuable and useful knowledge contributing to the scientific research progress in the biology field. Acknowledgments We sincerely thank all authors for their valuable contribution and the reviewers for their considerable work that made the publication of this special issue possible. Maha Karra-Chaabouni Mohamed Trigui Mar´ıa M. Yust Mireille K. Awad Pedro J. Garc´ıa-Moreno Hindawi BioMed Research International Volume 2018, Article ID 6251546, 10 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/6251546 Research Article Citrus limon from Tunisia: Phytochemical and Physicochemical Properties and Biological Activities Mohamed Makni ,1 Raoua Jemai ,1 Walid Kriaa,2 Yassine Chtourou,1 and Hamadi Fetoui 1 1 Laboratory of Toxicology, Environmental Microbiology and Health, Science Faculty of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia 2Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia Correspondence should be addressed to Mohamed Makni; [email protected] Received 23 August 2017; Revised 27 November 2017; Accepted 6 December 2017; Published 15 January 2018 Academic Editor: Pedro J. Garcia-Moreno Copyright © 2018 Mohamed Makni et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Natural plant extracts contain a variety of phenolic compounds which are assigned various biological activities. Our work aims to make a quantitative and qualitative characterization of the Zest (ZL) and the Flesh (FL) of lemon (Citrus limon), to valorize the pharmacological uses of lemon, by evaluating in vitro activities (DPPH, free radical scavenging and reducing power). The antibacterial, antifungal, and antiproliferative activities were sought in the ability of Citrus