TRANSACTIONS OF THE HISTORIC SOCIETY OF LANCASHIRE AND CHESHIRE VOL. 120 TRANSACTIONS OF THE HISTORIC SOCIETY OF LANCASHIRE AND CHESHIRE FOR THE YEAR 1968 VOLUME 120 LIVERPOOL PRINTED FOR THE SOCIETY 1969 Made and Printed in Great Britain by C, Tinline, & Co. Ltd., Liverpool, London and Prescot. EDITORIAL NOTE Good papers continue to be submitted by non-members as well as members, by those who have read them to the Society and those who have not. In this respect the present volume contains a fairly typical selection. Council tries to publish as many of these papers as possible, but it is somewhat inhibited by a number of factors. One is the tendency for the annual increase in printing costs to absorb the annual addition to revenue arising from growth in membership. Another, less depressing, factor is the need to provide, over the years, a reasonably balanced diet to cater for the varied tastes of a discriminating membership. Cheshire papers were once quite scarce, but there has been a welcome increase in the supply. However, there remains a dearth of acceptable papers dealing with topics before the sixteenth century. This hardly reflects consumer interest in the earlier periods of Lancashire and Cheshire history, and it is to be hoped that potential contributors will not be deterred from submitting papers by the preponderance of more modern papers in recent volumes. Council wishes to thank Mrs Mary Brigg and Dr lan Sellers for contributing towards the cost of this volume, also Mr R. Bromley for the volume index and for the ten year index. September 1969 K. B. DRAKE The University Honorary Editor Manchester Contributors to these Transactions are advised to write to the Honorary Editor, who can supply a leaflet containing guidance for contributors. The Honorary Secretary will be pleased to hear from members who wish to read papers or persons wishing to join the Society. Membership is open to all. Members are entitled to attend the Society's meetings, borrow from its valuable library, and receive the annual volume of Transactions. CONTENTS PAGE COUNCIL AND OFFICERS FOR 1969 .. .. .. ix LIST OF MEMBERS .. .. .. .. .. .. x AFFILIATED SOCIETIES .. .. .. .. .. xxiii PAPERS A PRELIMINARY REGISTER OF OLD SCHOOLS IN LANCA­ SHIRE AND CHESHIRE. By P. J. Wallis, M.A., F.I.M.A., F.R.Hist.S. .. .. .. .. 1 THE OVERSEAS TRADE OF CHESTER IN THE EARLY SEVENTEENTH CENTURY. By W. B. Stephens, M.A., Ph.D. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 23 THE PARLIAMENTARY ELECTION AT CHESTER, 1621. By JolmK. Gruenfelder, B.A., M.A.,Ph.D. .. .. 35 WILLIAM ROSCOE, THE ROSCOE CIRCLE AND RADICAL POLITICS IN LIVERPOOL, 1789-1807. By lan Sellers, M.A.,B.L.itt.,Ph.D. .. .. .. .. .. 45 THE LANCASHIRE COLLIER GIRL, 1795. By P. E. H. Hair, M.A., D.Phil. .. .. .. 63 LIFE IN EAST LANCASHIRE, 1856-60: A NEWLY DIS­ COVERED DIARY OF JOHN O'NEIL (JOHN WARD), WEAVER, OF CLITHEROE. By Mary Brigg .. .. 87 VI11 CONTENTS PAGE THE CONTROL OF CHANGE: CONSERVATION, PRESERVA­ TION AND DEVELOPMENT. By Graham Ashworth, M.C.D., B.Arch., A.R.I.B.A., A.M.T.P.I... .. 135 NOTE ON A PORTRAIT AT CROSBY HALL. By Frank Tyrer, M.A., B.Sc. .. .. .. .. .. 143 OBITUARY .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 144 NEW BOOKS.. .. .. .. .. .. .. 147 REPORT OF THE COUNCIL .. .. .. .. .. 155 REPORT OF THE HONORARY LIBRARIANS .. .. 155 REPORT OF THE HONORARY TREASURER.. .. .. 156 INDEX .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 157 TEN YEAR INDEX, VOLS. 111-120 .. .. .. 161 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS PLATE PAGE 1 BENN'S GARDEN CHAPEL .. .. .. .. 46 2 OPENING CEREMONY OF THE NEW LORD STREET WORKING MEN'S READING ROOM IN CARLISLE, 1851 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 94 3 Low MOOR FACTORY, CLITHEROE .. .. .. 98 4 Low MOOR HOUSE .. .. .. .. .. 99 5 STONYHURST COLLEGE AND CHURCH .. .. 106 6 MEMBERSHIP CERTIFICATE OF ASSOCIATIONS OF POWER LOOM OVERLOOKERS .. .. .. .. .. 123 7 THE INTERIOR OF A WEAVING SHED. .. .. 126 FIGURE 1 FIRST DATES OF OLD SCHOOLS .. .. .. 8 COUNCIL AND OFFICERS FOR 1969 Hon. President THE RIGHT HON. THE EARL OF DERBY, M.C., LL.D. Hon. Vice-President THE RIGHT HON. THE EARL OF SEFTON, D.L., J.P. COUNCIL President M. M. SCHOFIELD, M.A. Vice-Presidents J. MURPHY, M.A., Ph.D., F.R.Hist.S. J. F. SMITH, M.A., F.R.S.A., F.S.A.Scot. G. BARRACLOUGH, M.A. S. A. HARRIS, A.C.I.S. J. J. BAGLEY, M.A.. F.R.Hist.S. W. G. H. JONES D. L. EVANS G. W. COOPLAND, M.A., Litt.D. Other Members of the Council MISS JOAN BECK, M.A. R. BROMLEY, M.Sc. J. R. HARRIS, M.A., Ph.D. MISS WINIFRED JONES, B.A. W. R. S. McINTYRE THOMAS WILLIAMS D. B. QUINN, D.Lit., F.R.Hist.S. B. C. REDWOOD, M.A. T. LLOYD-JONES, M.A. A. R. MYERS, M.A., Ph.D., F.S.A. R. DICKINSON, Ph.D., F.R.I.C. F.R.Hist.S. OFFICERS Joint Hon. Treasurers A. W. ANDREWS, A.C.B.I., 10 Cooper Close, Liverpool 19. CHARLES R. AMBLER, 21 Hamilton Road, Wallasey. Hon. Editor K. B. DRAKE, M.A., B.Sc.(Econ.) Orchard House, High Street, Frodsham, Cheshire. Hon. Librarian G. CHANDLER, M.A., Ph.D., F.L.A., Dowsefield Lane, Colder- stones, Liverpool 18. Hon. Assistant Librarian N. CARRICK, B.A., F.L.A., The City Record Office, Central Public Library, William Brown Street, Liverpool 3. Hon. Secretary MISS PATRICIA R. PLEASANCE, 143 Hough'on Road, Birkenhead. Hon. Membership Secretary P. J. ANDREWS, B.A., 29 Lingwood Road, Great Sankey, Warrington, Lancashire. Hon. Auditor K. CLIFFORD COOK, F.C.A. ix LIST OF MEMBERS (Corrected to 1 March 1969) The names of life members are printed in bold type. DATE OF ELECTION. 1961. Mar. 2. ALGER, Rev. Brendan, Upholland College, Wigan, Lancashire. 1952. Sept. 18. ALLAN, D. T., The Nook, Fulwood Park, Liverpool, 17. 1969. Jan. 16. ALLAN, Miss Ruth, 16, Green Lane, Maghull, Nr. Liverpool. 1960. Mar. 31. ALLEN, Mrs. Maisie, 25, Denstone Avenue, Bispham, Black­ pool. 1949. Mar. 31. ALLEN, G. E. H., 51, Bradford Street, Haulgh, Bolton. 1940. April 4. ALLISON, John, M.A., 14, Cambridge Road, Prenton, Birken- head. 1952. Feb. 21. AMBLER, Charles R., 21, Hamilton Road, Wallasey. (Joint Hon. Treasurer.) 1962. Sept. 20. AMBLER, Mrs. Charles R., 21, Hamilton Road, Wallasey. 1948. Nov. 18. ANDERSON, D., Greenslates, Tanfield Nook, Parbold, near Wigan. 1964. Jan. 16. ANDREWS, A. W., A.C.B.I., 10, Cooper Close, Liverpool, 19. (Joint Hon. Treasurer.) 1967. Dec. 14. ANDREWS, P. J., B.A., 29, Lingwood Road, Great Sankey, Warrington. (Hon. Membership Secretary.) 1951. Feb. 15. ANGUS-BUTTERWORTH, L. M, M.A., M.i.Mech.E., F.S.A. Scot, Ashton New Hall. Ashton-on-Mersey, Cheshire. 1961. Sept. 21. ARNOLD, John Philip, "Newstead", 33, Buxton Old Road, Macclesfield. 1964. Sept. 17. ASHBY, Mrs. Alta Rigby, Box 158, Detah, Utah, U.S.A. 1966. Nov. 17. ASHBY, Miss, Box 158, Detah, Utah, U.S.A. 1954. Mar. 18. ASHMORE, Owen, M.A., 5, Flowery Field, Woodsmoor, Stock- port. 1967. Nov. 16. ASHWORTH, L., 36, Mill Hill Street, Blackburn, Lanes. 1964. Dec. 10. ATHERTON, J., 43, Childwall Valley Road, Liverpool, 16. 1958. July 1. AWTY, B. G., B.A., 461, Lordship Lane, London, S.E. 22. 1945. Nov. 24. BAGLEY, J. J., M.A., F.R.Hist.s., 10, Beach Priory Gardens, Southport. (Vice-President.) 1960. Oct. 20. BAGLEY, Mrs. J. J., 10, Beach Priory Gardens, Southport. 1936. Jan. 30. BANKES, Mrs. J. H. M., Winstanley Hall, Wigan. 1958. July 1. BANKS, W. L., B.com., 117, Newland Park, Hull. 1948. Feb. 19. BARKER, Professor T. C., M.A., PH.D., Minsen Dene, Brogdale Road, Faversham, Kent. 1945. Dec. 8. BARRACLOUGH, Professor G., M.A., The Dragon House, Smarden, Nr. Ashford, Kent. (^ice-President.) 1947. Feb. 20. BARTON, John B., High Bank, Ormskirk. 1958. July 1. BATES, Mrs. R. S., 15, Lime Grove, St. Annes. 1955. Jan. 20. BAXTER, Miss Muriel F., 4, Milner Road, Liverpool, 17. 1959. Sept. 17. BEAMES, G. H. P., Cairn House, Willaston, Nantwich. 1949. Mar. 17. BECK, Miss J., M.A., Oakdene, 70, Swanlow Lane, Winsford, Cheshire. 1968. Sept. 19. BEDARD, Mrs. M., 9a, St. Georges Square, St. Annes-on-Sea, Lancashire. 1966. Dec. 8. BEESTON-BANCROFT, Major G. W., Crossfield House, Stainland, Yorkshire. 1955. Dec. 15. BELL, Miss W. B., 89, St. Helens Road, Prescot. LIST OF MEMBERS XI DATE OF ELECTION 1965. Sept. 16. BENNETT, W. E., 1, Alderfield Road, Manchester, 21. 1961. Oct. 19. BETTLEY, Mrs. E. M., B.A., 258, Crow Lane East, Newton-le- Willows. 1963. Mar. 21. BEVAN-EVANS, M., M.A.. F.S.A.., Pen-y-Craig Cottage, Cilcain Road, Pontnewydd, Mold, Flintshire. CH7 5NW. 1968. Jan. 18. BIRD. G. W.. 140, Gat hurst Lane. Shevington. Wigan, Lanes. 1956. Jan. 19. BLACKBURN, John, 40, Claremont Avenue, Maehull, Liverpool. 1952. Nov. 20. BLACKSHAW, D., 10, Elmsley Court, Elmsley Road, Liver­ pool, 18. 1964. Feb. 20. BLACKWOOD, B. G., B.A., B.LIU.. 27, Ryder Crescent, Birkdale, Southport. 1966. Sept. 15. BLYTH, Mrs. Joan E., 7, Corbridge Road, Childwall, Liver­ pool, 16. 1968. Nov. 21. BOHM, Miss F., 148, Victoria Road, Wallasey, Cheshire, L45 9LD. 1962. Sept. 20. Boscow, H., 36, Cranborne Avenue. Chester Road, Warrington. 1965. Oct. 21. BOTTRILL, K. G. Findlay, B.A., 103, Penny Lane, Liverpool, 18. 1968. Sept. 19. BOWNASS, Miss M. A., Hursthead County Junior School, Kirkstead Road, Cheadle Hulme, Cheadle, Cheshire. 1965. Feb. 18. BRAITHWAITE, G. D., 2, The Orchard, Wallasey, Cheshire. 1968. Feb. 15. BRAYNE. M. L., 91, Newsham Drive, Liverpool, 6. 1958. July 1. BRIGG, W., The Hollies, Whalley Road, Wilpshire, Blackburn, BB1 9LN. F 1958. July 1. BRIGG, Mrs. W., The Hollies, Whalley Road, Wilpshire, Blackburn, BB1 9LN. 1965. Oct. 21. BROMLEY, R., M.SC., 52, Colinmander Gardens, Ormskirk Lanes.