A Hunter’s Handbook for Game Birds in Jamaica 3rd Edition July 2017 i Published by the National Environment and Planning Agency 10 Caledonia Avenue Kingston 5 Jamaica W.I. Telephone 876-754-7540 E-mail [email protected] Website www.nepa.gov.jm © 2017 National Environment and Planning Agency ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Game Bird Hunting in Jamaica .................................................................... 1 Historical Perspective ............................................................................. 1 Present Day Scenario ............................................................................. 2 Game Birds ....................................................................................................... 3 Introduction ............................................................................................. 3 Description of the Game Birds ............................................................ 3 White-winged Dove ........................................................................ 3 White-crowned Pigeon ................................................................... 4 Mourning Dove ............................................................................... 4 Zenaida Dove ................................................................................... 5 Protected Birds ............................................................................................... 6 Plain Pigeon .............................................................................................. 6 Ring-tailed Pigeon .................................................................................... 7 Hunting Laws .................................................................................................. 8 Introduction ............................................................................................. 8 Wild Life Protection Act (WLPA) ....................................................... 8 WLPA Regulations for Bird Shooting Season ................................... 8 Hunter’s Licence ............................................................................... 8 Game Birds ....................................................................................... 9 Shooting Days and Times ............................................................... 9 Bag Limits ......................................................................................... 9 Bird Shooting Report Form ......................................................... 10 Head Evidence ............................................................................... 10 Game Wardens .............................................................................. 10 Breaches of the WLPA ........................................................................ 11 Penalties under the WLPA ................................................................... 11 Game Sanctuaries/ Game Reserves .......................................................... 12 The Great Morass, Holland Bay, St. Thomas .................................. 13 Portmore and Greater Portmore, St. Catherine ............................... 14 Cabarita Point, St. Catherine ............................................................... 15 Amity Hall, St. Catherine ..................................................................... 16 Long Island, Clarendon ....................................................................... 17 West Harbour-Peake Bay, Clarendon ................................................ 18 Alligator Pond, Gut River and Canoe Valley, Manchester ............. 19 Mason River Savanna, Clarendon ...................................................... 20 The Black River Upper Morass, St. Elizabeth .................................. 21 The Black River Lower Morass, St. Elizabeth .................................. 22 The Great Morass Parottee, St. Elizabeth ........................................ 23 Great Morass, Negril, Westmoreland and Hanover ........................ 24 i TABLE OF CONTENTS ...cont’d Bogue Lagoon Creek, St. James .......................................................... 25 Glistening Waters, Trelawny ............................................................... 26 Fairy Hill-Port Antonio, Portland ...................................................... 27 Reigate, Manchester .............................................................................. 28 Stanmore Hill, St. Elizabeth ................................................................ 29 Knapdale, St. Ann ................................................................................. 30 Kingston and St. Andrew ..................................................................... 30 Forest Reserves ............................................................................................. 32 Hunting Statistics .......................................................................................... 34 Age Distribution Assessment of Game Bird Populations .............. 34 Introduction ..................................................................................... 34 Method ............................................................................................ 34 Results ............................................................................................... 34 Summary of the 2015 Bird Shooting Season ..................................... 35 Hunter’s Code of Conduct .......................................................................... 37 Important Biosecurity Information …………………………………38 Hunting Safety Rules .................................................................................... 39 References ...................................................................................................... 40 ii GAME BIRD HUNTING IN JAMAICA Historical Perspective Game bird hunting in Jamaica has been recognised since the arrival of the Eu- ropeans in the fifteenth century, but it had also been a major source of food for the Tainos who inhabited the island at the time. It is the intervention of the gun that has seen this past-time evolve from a major source of food to become a major sport. The laws pertaining to regulating the sport at the time where adopted from England and had lengthy hunting seasons, as much as six months long. Fines and other penalties were levied against anyone caught hunting contrary to the law. Prior to 1834 for example, by an Act of the Colo- nial Legislature of the time, wild pigeons (and doves) were forbidden to be killed in the parishes of St. Catherine or St. John's or on any island or cay, in the months of May, June and July, under a penalty of forty shillings. However, with the abolition of slavery in 1834, this, as well as many other laws were re- pealed. The Wild Life Protection Act (WLPA), enacted in 1945, and its regulations replaced the colonial laws which governed game bird hunting. In 1974, the hunting season was closed and this lasted for eight years to allow the game bird population to increase. The hunting season was re-opened in 1982 but by 1990 it became apparent that the game bird population was diminishing. This resulted in a comprehensive review of all regulations governing game bird hunting under the WLPA. The duration of the season, bag limits, declaration of Game Sanctuaries and Game Reserves and shooting times were reviewed, and where necessary, the regulations were amended. The duration of the sea- son was reduced to six weeks, starting on the third weekend in August each year. Bag limits were reduced from 30 birds per session to 20 and then to 15 in 1997. Since 2000, the bag limit has increased to 20 birds per ses- sion, with a maximum of 15 White-crowned Pigeons per session allowed. Today, there are approximately twelve recognized gun clubs operating in dif- ferent sections of the island, the oldest of which is the PWD Gun Club, which started in 1937. Other clubs that followed include the Jamaica, Trelawny, Cornwall and Wanderers Gun Clubs and the Monymusk and Jackson Bay Gun, Rod and Tiller Clubs. The majority of the clubs now own or lease their shooting grounds. Over the years, the gun clubs have worked very closely with the Natural Resources Conservation Authority (NRCA) in enforcing the hunt- 1 ing season regulations which are declared under the WLPA while instilling their own club rules in the process. Present Day Scenario The Annual Game Bird Hunting Season is managed by the National Envi- ronment and Planning Agency (NEPA). This is done by means of the Game Birds Working Group of the Biodiversity and Game Birds Commit- tee appointed by the NRCA. This working group comprises representa- tives from NEPA, the Ministry with responsibility for environment, Envi- ronment and Risk Management Division, the Caribbean Coastal Area Management (C-CAM) Foundation, the Forestry Department and the hunting fraternity. The process of declaring a hunting season starts with an assessment of the game bird populations and breeding activities during the months of February to June. Based on the results of this assessment it is determined whether a hunting season should be declared as well as the dates, duration and bag limits for the season. The agreed recommendations are tabled as a submission to the NRCA and are subsequently sent to the Minister re- sponsible for the Environment portfolio. The signed Order is then gazet- ted as Hunting Regulations of the WLPA for that specific year. The hunt- ing fraternity and the general public are informed of the hunting dates and times through print and electronic