MONITORING FOR TERRESTRIAL ARTHROPODS (INSECTS AND RELATIVES) WITHIN THE KAHULUI AIRPORT ENVIRONS, MAUI, HAWAI‘I, PHASE II FINAL REPORT NOVEMBER 2007 By Francis G. Howarth and David J. Preston Hawaii Biological Survey Bishop Museum 1525 Bernice Street Honolulu, Hawai‘i 96817-2704, USA Prepared for Edward K. Noda & Associates, Inc. 615 Pi‘ikoi Street, Suite 300 Honolulu, Hawai‘i 96814-3139 And for the State of Hawaii, Department of Transportation, Airports Division Contribution No. 2007-013 to the Hawaii Biological Survey Hawaii Biological Survey Report on Monitoring Arthropods within Kahului Airport Environs, Phase II TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of contents ...... ...................................................................................................................................................i Executive Summary ...................................................................................................................................................1 I. Introduction .............................................................................................................................................................2 II. Methods ..................................................................................................................................................................2 III. Results .................................................................................................................................................................10 IV. Results of Selected Monitoring Methods .........................................................................................................10 V. Notable Interceptions ..........................................................................................................................................17 VI. Taxonomic Overview and Protocols for Monitoring Alien Arthropods .......................................................18 VII. Discussion ..........................................................................................................................................................23 VIII. Proposal to Develop Aids for Identifying Alien Arthropods ......................................................................24 Acknowledgments .....................................................................................................................................................25 Bibliography ..............................................................................................................................................................26 LIST OF TABLES Text Table 1. Numbers of arthropod species added during this study ...............................................................11 Text Table 2. Numbers and geographic status of arthropod species within Kahului Airport environs .........12 Text Table 3. Numbers of alien species representing new state records and new island records ....................13 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Map of Kahului Airport environs .............................................................................................................3 Figure 2. Increase of numbers of native and alien species during each sampling period .................................23 Figures of collecting methods: Gas aspirator .......................................................................................................................................................4 Malaise trap ............................................................................................................................................5 and 14 MV bulb ...............................................................................................................................................................5 Fogging .................................................................................................................................................................6 Ant bait ................................................................................................................................................................6 Bottle/bait trap ....................................................................................................................................................6 Pan and trunk traps ............................................................................................................................................7 Lingren funnels (Beetle trap) .............................................................................................................................7 Tulgren funnel .....................................................................................................................................................7 General collecting and host searching ...............................................................................................................8 Sticky trap ............................................................................................................................................................8 Window trap ........................................................................................................................................................9 Sticky trap collection ........................................................................................................................................15 Hand aspirator at MV bulb .............................................................................................................................16 Figures of arthropods: Culicoides cf. jamaicensis, Female wing ..........................................................................................................17 Culicoides cf. jamaicensis, Male genitalia .......................................................................................................17 Stink bug, Piezodorus species A ......................................................................................................................18 Mystery moth .....................................................................................................................................................18 Orchestina species A, male ...............................................................................................................................92 Orchestina species B, male ...............................................................................................................................92 Rhipidius pectinicornis ......................................................................................................................................93 Lestremia species ...............................................................................................................................................93 Forcipomyia biannulata ....................................................................................................................................94 Forcipomyia chrysolopha ..................................................................................................................................94 Forcipomyia cf. quasiingrami ...........................................................................................................................94 Spilochroa ornata ..............................................................................................................................................95 Physiphora species A .........................................................................................................................................95 Clogmia albipunctata ........................................................................................................................................96 Rhegmoclemina parvula ...................................................................................................................................96 i Hawaii Biological Survey Report on Monitoring Arthropods within Kahului Airport Environs, Phase II LIST OF FIGURES (continued) Corynoptera latistylata? ....................................................................................................................................96 Sinea rileyi .... .......... .. .........................................................................................................................................97 Urosigalphus bruchi .........................................................................................................................................98 Ecoila impatiens ................................................................................................................................................98 Zagrammosoma possibly multilineatum ..........................................................................................................98 Polistes exclamans .............................................................................................................................................98 Ithome concolorella ..........................................................................................................................................99 Lorita scarificata ...............................................................................................................................................99 Unidentified tineid ............................................................................................................................................99 Ptycta species A ...............................................................................................................................................100