EXPERIENCES IN LIBRARY DIGITAL LENDING (NON-EXHAUSTIVE LIST) DENMARK Ereolen.dk ebog.dk Ebib.dk FINLAND Pilot project - Next Media, a tivit programme (FIN) (From Helsinki notes) FRANCE Cairn Cyberlibris IZNEO NUMILOG The PNB Project GERMANY Divibib Public Library Online (UK service launched by Bloomsbury) is also available in Germany. ITALY Media Library Online Casalini NETHERLANDS Bibliotheek.nl (pilot) Unnamed project (email from David Martijn) NORWAY The Norwegian Association of Publishers - Biblioteksentralen AL POLAND ibuk.pl ( PWN “e-book.pl” SPAIN Libranda OdiloTK XeBook SWEDEN eLib UK Public Library Online Ebrary Overdrive BELGIUM (FLANDERS) De Bib (pilot) Project group: Flemish government Lending practicalities: 400 e-books available, available on the App store and Android app on Google Play. Use of an e-book card with a value of 5 euros to pick up in your library. Download the app, log in, give the code to be found on your e-book card, choose an e-book. 3 e-books available with one voucher, the loan of 1 e-book entitles you to keep the e-book for four weeks. Payment model: 5 euros, 3 e-books Other information: - 1 pilot year DENMARK Ereolen.dk Project group: Denmark’s two largest publishers and some local libraries Lending practicalities: Originally: 30 days download with the right to reloan for 30 days Now: streaming Payment model: Price according to agreements. Libraries pay for every e-book loaned. Clickmodel meaning payment pr. downloan Other information: - 96 libraries - 99% of the population - Agreement originally entered into force on 1 November 2011 and lasts for one year. - The website was developed and is owned by the libraries - Covers lending of Danish trade e-books – about 100 publishers participate, 3200 titles available - e-books can be read on several devices including the iPad; It is planned that in the future there should be apps available. - Free access to read 3% of the book. - DRM protection is used (no printing, no copying) - Libraries pay for every e-book lent out. The price starts at 18.50 DKR pr. click and falls to 16.50 DKR per click when the libraries have lent out more than 145,000 e-books. Books that are older than one year range between 15 DKR and 13 DKR - There will be a “buy” button on the webpage. However, this has been tested by some booksellers so the plan is on hold E-books are considered free Very little or no incentive to buy No friction No limits except the economy of the library Titles are chosen centrally Notes: Everything is avaible. The loaners define the loans Very convenient. No queueThe library service has been extremely popular so the publishers have experienced an immense increase in e-book lending whereas the commercial market only has grown very little. The situation calls for more restrictions on the library lending. The Danish PA has had talks with the Danish competition authorities. Since June, it started to renegotiate the general terms but libraries refused to negotiate an Overdrive type of model. Since 1 November, Danish large publishing houses refused to participate in eReolen because of the cannibalisation of the front list and the bestsellers Therefore ereolen.dk: Blocks the development of the commercial e-book market Blocks the development of new business models ebog.dk Project group: Public-private partnership between Dansk BiblioteksCenter (Danish Library Centre) and some of the biggest book publishing houses in Denmark. Lending Practicalities: Loans for one week, after which access to the file laspes. Access can be remote or in the library. Loans can be renewed (library must pay again). The system keeps track of every individual title and libraries can access loaning statistics; they can select the titles they want to make available and they have various options to limit access and loaning by their users (weekly, monthly, yearly). Payment model: Libraries that subscribe to the service pay a one time access fee based on the number of potential users and then make payments for each book visualised by their users (pay-per-view); the conditions offered to libraries allow an 8 day loan at 10% of the book’s selling price, which constitutes a 65% discount on the conditions normally applied to printed books (7 day loan and 20% of the retail price). Renewals prompt another payment. Libraries can set a limit to their total expenditure with ebog.dk (again by different time frameworks) in order not to deplete their acquisition budget too quickly. Such budget, for a mid-sized library, can be around 500€ per month; typical limitations allow users to borrow 10 to 15 books per month. 65% of the revenue from loans goes to publishers and the rest is kept by ebog.dk; around half of the total revenues of ebog.dk come from the library model. Other information: - Ebog.dk has established itself as a content aggregator building strong relationships with many publishers, private and professional customers as well as university libraries and public libraries. - Was established after winning a tender issued by the Danish Publishers Association for a digital store and library that enabled e-books from many different publishers to be bought, rented or borrowed. - It hosts, distributes and sells e-books adopting different technical solutions according to the access models of its customers, online reading or download. - Currently, some 100 Danish publishers, large and small, provide their titles to the platform. Some 1,500 Danish titles are available; at first they were only academic titles, mainly for middle and high grade education, but now also the trade sector is growing. Non-fiction titles are prevalent, but fiction offer will be increased soon since an e-reader is going to be launched on the Danish market and ebog.dk needs to prepare for the competition. - Recently, some 20,000 titles from international publishers have been added to the catalogue, from some of the main academic and STM publishers (Wiley, Reed Elsevier, Taylor&Francis, etc.); these are titles that have been deemed as very relevant for students and libraries. - Users can search the website and see book titles, covers, metadata and a brief extract, according to the publishers’ wishes; in some cases it is also possible to view the index and a sample, but not parts of the actual book. A full-text search can be performed, as well as relying on metadata and keywords (including those issued by the National Library when e-books are registered as part of the legal deposit obligations; books available at ebog.dk also appear in the National Library system). - Whenever a book is borrowed from a library, a link to a bookstore appears as well that allows buying the book. Ebib.dk Project group: - Lending Practicalities: License model, the libraries own the licenses => Libraries choose what titles to offer, with one licence they can loan to four users, but can only make one download at a time (i.e. 1 user per title at any given time, after 4 loans must get new licence). 30 days streaming access Payment model: Price follows the market price of the title. The price of one license will normally be the net-price which is the publishers sales price excl. VAT and trader profit. The publisher can also set a specifik library price. Average price pr. downloan: 2,08 euro (not pr. license!) (9,52 euro – 0,13 euro). Other information: - 64 libraries - 60% of the population - Some friction - Risk of queue - Possible for libraries to limit the number of volumes - Possible for individual libraries to choose the titles - The book will be opened in an online-reader that can be used on PC, MAC, Tablets (iPad og Android) and smartphones. Apps are available for offline use - Inter-urban loans are possible - Reading group licences possible - 4400 titles (April 2013) Entire trade catalogue of publishers involved 6500 titles FINLAND Pilot project - Next Media, a tivit programme (FIN) Project group: publishers and library organisations, pilot project with Helsinki area libraries Lending Practicalities: Licence allows one person to loan a book at a time (1 book, 1 lend). May incorporate download and streaming (Download to own device: Customer must have Adobe ID and reading software (Bluefire Reader), strong technical protection (one chapter in uploading and then disappear): no programme to download, easy. Streaming: Internet connection is needed nearly all the time, only two chapters are loaded on the device, reading on browser, no extra software needed, easy to use.)Two ways of reading e-books from libraries. 1/ Download on device, Adobe content server => Adobe Digital Editions or Adobe Reader Mobile SDK 2/ Read in browser, HTML content server => Reader Web App The Next Media platform is also available in English Library licensing model: Model 1: Valid for 1 year, 1 loan at a time, illimited number of loans Model 2: Valid for 1 year, illimited number of loans at the same time, limited to a 100 loans Model 3: Valid for a half year or a full year, limited to 20 loans at the same time, illimited number of loans It is the know-how of publishers to select the model and price of e-books It is the know-how of libraries to select the right model for the purchasing of e-books Payment model: unknown Other information: - An industry-driven innovation programme - Led by Sanoma - Total budget of 34 million euros for 4 years - Based on the sector strategy “Making the media sector a winner” - Unique cooperation in the world between publishers, libraries, system providers, research institutes - In Finland publishers are working closely with library organisations to find win-win-win solution (publisher-library-reader).