Discovering Italy's Sangro Valley an exploration of the region’s archaeology, nature, and culture 14 nights/15 days This archaeological excursion will take place in the Sangro Valley in the Abruzzo province of eastern Italy; it combines intensive work on an archaeological excavation—the Sangro Valley Proj- ect’s sites on Monte Pallano—with visits to some of the most beautiful cultural and natural attractions in the Sangro Valley (Val di Sangro). The Abruzzo region is located to the east of Rome and extends from the Apennines to the Adriatic Sea; it encompasses nearly 11,000 square kilometers (three-quarters the size of Connecticut) of coastal areas, hilly uplands and moun- tains. Known as the “green province,” the Abruzzo is home to some of Italy’s oldest National Forests and Parks. It has a long history of human habitation, dating from the Paleolithic and Neolithic periods through today. Introduction to the Sangro Valley Project The Sangro Valley Project was established in 1994 by John Lloyd (Oxford University), Neil Christie (Leicester University), and Amalia Faustoferri (Italian Archaeological Superintendency). Since Lloyd’s untimely death in 1999, a new Anglo-American team (Susan Kane, Oberlin College and Ed Bispham, Oxford University) has been formed to continue operations in the region (www.sangro.org). The Project’s aim has been to study society, Overview of the excavation area on Monte Pallano economy, and settlement change within the context of a Mediter- ranean river valley system-the Sangro River valley in the terri- tory of the ancient Samnites. Using both intensive and extensive The Sangro Valley Project is currently focusing its work around archeological survey, the aim of the Project is to assess human Monte Pallano. A dominating feature in the Sangro River middle impact on, and transformation of, the Sangro Valley between the valley’s landscape—Monte Pallano—is clearly a key to the under- prehistoric and Medieval periods. Since 2000, the Sangro Valley standing of the middle Sangro Valley. Long known for its huge Project has been working with the USDA Forest Service and megalithic walls, Monte Pallano was the principal center for a the Italian Archaeological Superintendency on a number of col- multi-focal nucleated settled environment from the early Iron laborative projects, such as this excursion and the creation of Age until the High Empire, with sporadic activity continuing in the Monte Pallano archaeological park. The USDA Forest Ser- the Middle Ages. Over the two past decades, the Soprintendenza vice also serves the Italian Archaeological Superintendency as per i Beni Archeologici dell’Abruzzo has excavated a substantial an advisor for an emerging integrated plan for sustainable devel- complex of public buildings on Monte Pallano. Since 1999, the opment using cultural heritage and environmental resources to Sangro Valley Project has uncovered evidence for the temenos attract cultural tourism. of a sanctuary of unexpected wealth and sophistication nearby. The emerging archaeological evidence on the mountain confirms The Sangro River begins in the mountainous upland plateau Lloyd’s hypothesis that Monte Pallano was an important town of the Apennines of central Italy (now the modern provinces of (oppidum) or regional center (pagus). Pallano is the site of a new the Abruzzo and the Molise, an area that in part corresponds to archaeological park designed to promote community-based tour- the territory of ancient Samnium) and flows east to the Adriatic ism as part of a larger effort to support sustainable regional eco- coast. Surprisingly, large parts of ancient Samnium remain rela- nomic development. tively unknown. Portrayed in the Roman historical record as a culturally isolated area, the region’s reputation as the epitome of There are still major questions to be answered. Monte Pallano ‘backwoods’ Italy has persisted into modern times. Discoveries by was an important feature in the ritual and territorial landscape the Soprintendenza per i Beni Archeologici dell’Abruzzo and the of the ancient Samnites. The Project now seeks to develop a Sangro Valley Project have demonstrated that this area of Sam- comprehensive understanding of this complex two-valley system nium, particularly from the Iron Age through the Roman peri- and to reconstruct the region’s ancient cultural and environmental ods, was a greater participant in the broader processes that shaped landscape. ancient Italy than had been previously thought. Introduction to the Val di Sangro The countryside is dotted with small towns-on mountain tops or The planned touring itinerary will introduce you to the three nestled in valleys-that are a testament to the strong and enduring areas of the Val di Sangro: the mountainous upland region of the character of the local people. “Forza ma gentile” or “Strong but Maiella massif and the National Parks, the middle valley where kindly” is how the Abruzzese people describe themselves. The the Monte Pallano excavations are located, and the coastal plain, province is noted for its animal husbandry (good meat and cheese famous for its traditions of fishing and sea-trade. Because of products) and agriculture (excellent wines and grain to make the the richness of its natural and cultural heritage, the Abruzzo is famous Abruzzese pasta). Abruzzese cooking is one of the most considered an “open air” museum. The region is noted for its famous regional cuisines in Italy, noted for the simple but hearty low population density, geographical isolation, its long history character of its dishes and the use of traditionally made local of human habitation, and its remarkably unspoiled environment. ingredients. Itinerary: Archaeological Work Program and Touring 26 June – day 1 30 July – day 5 Arrive in Rome. Transfer from Fiumicino Airport to the Satel- Archaeological work on Monte Pallano. lite Palace Hotel in Roma Lido. Afternoon at leisure. Evening 08:30 - breakfast introductory lecture. 09:30 - work on Monte Pallano 13:00 - lunch 27 June – day 2 15:00 - work on Monte Pallano You will be driven by coach from the hotel in Roma Lido to the 20:00 - dinner at hotel hotel Colle del Lago in Pietraferrazana, a Medieval town in the 1 July – day 6 middle Sangro Valley and on the edge of the Lago di Bomba A morning visit to the nearby town of Atessa for shopping on (Bomba Lake). Along the way you will visit the city of Chieti, market day; in the afternoon continue archaeological work on the capital of the province, perched on a rocky outcrop overlook- Monte Pallano. ing the Adriatic. Some of the Roman town is still visible, includ- ing two temples and a well-preserved theatre, into whose side has 08:30 - breakfast been built a state-of-the-art interactive museum on the history 09:30 - visit Atessa for market day 13:00 - lunch of Chieti—the Museo di Civitella. We will also visit the Museo 15:00 - work on Monte Pallano Archeologico to see the “Warrior of Capestrano” statue and other 20:00 - dinner at hotel important archaeological finds from the region. 2 July – day 7 08:30 - depart Rome 11:30 - Chieti Museums Archaeological work on Monte Pallano. 14:00 - lunch on Autostrada (at Autogrille) 08:30 - breakfast 16:00 - check-in at Hotel Colle del Lago and leisure 09:30 - work on Monte Pallano 20:00 - dinner at hotel 13:00 - lunch 15:00 - work on Monte Pallano 28 June – day 3 20:00 - dinner at hotel In the morning, there will be a visit to the Monte Pallano site and in the afternoon an introductory lecture on the Sangro Valley 3 July – day 8 Project. Excursion to the seaside city of Pescara to visit the Museo delle 08:30 - breakfast Genti d’Abruzzo (Museum of the People of the Abruzzo). This 09:30 - visit to Monte Pallano lovely new museum has a range of exhibits that explore daily life 13:00 - lunch in the Abruzzo from prehistory up to today. There will also be the 15:00 - introductory lecture opportunity to explore a little of downtown Pescara. 20:00 - dinner at hotel 08:30 - breakfast 29 June – day 4 09:30 - depart for Pescara & visit Museum 13:00 - sack lunch In the morning, begin archaeological work on Monte Pallano. 14:00 - afternoon in Pescara 08:30 - breakfast 20:00 - dinner at hotel 09:30 - work on Monte Pallano 13:00 - lunch 4 July – day 9 15:00 - work on Monte Pallano Visit to the Parco Nazionale d’Abruzzo and Pescocostanzo. The 20:00 - dinner at hotel National Park of the Abruzzo was created in 1872 and made a State Park in 1923, thus making it one of the oldest Parks in Italy. It is a national treasure and one of the most important wildlife 8 July – day 13 preserves in Europe (home to the native wolf and bear). On the Visit to the archaeological sites of Iuvanum and Pietrabbondante. way home, we will stop in Pescocostanzo, a very typical Abruzz- Iuvanum was the ancient center for the Frentani tribe and later an ese mountain town well-known for its lovely Renaissance archi- important Roman municipium, located in the upper area of the tecture and artisanal working in gold, wood, wrought iron, and Sangro middle valley. Pietrabbondante, further to the southeast lace. in the Molise, is one of the most important and impressive sites 08:30 - breakfast and departure for the Parco Nazionale of ancient Samnium. Its famous 2nd century B.C. temple-theatre d’Abruzzo complex is dramatically situated on the site’s mountainous slopes. 13:00 - lunch There may also be time to visit Schiavi D’Abruzzo, another Sam- 15:00 - depart for Pescocostanzo nite site famous for its two restored temples. 20:00 - return to dinner at hotel 08:30 - breakfast and departure for Iuvanum 5 July – day 10 13:00 - bag lunch Archaeological work on Monte Pallano.