Monthly Review• Each month The Bank of Nova Scotia prepares an authoritative report on some important phase of Canadian business or finance. A copy is yours for the asking. Simply ask the manager of any branch £or a copy 0£ the "Review", or write to the General Office of the Bank in Toronto. THE BANK OF NOVA SCOTIA ..... ....,. "' .iJVVA.0 ·-·-- - -----"''---- origin of the name Micmac is to be found in their own torm M aku­ megek i.e. "On-the-ground." But these are minor criticisms. This is a good book. T. H. R. THE LOYALISTS OF NEW BRUNSWICK. By ESTHER CLARK WRIGHT. Fredericton, N. B. 1955. $4.00. In this attractively printed book on The Loyalists of New Bruns­ wick, Esther Clark Wright has thrown new light on the gathering to­ gether and exodus of thousands of refugees transported from the port of New York at the close of the American Revolution, and has traced the struggles of those Loyalists who settled in what is now New Bruns­ wick. Incidentally, Mrs. Wright explains the origin of the namfl Loyalist to supersede such names as Tory, King's man, Royalist and Loyal Refugee. Mrs. Wright is a native of Fredericton and a graduate in history and economics from Acadia and Radcliffe, and is already well known for her regional studies of New Brunswick rivers-The Petitcodiac, The Mirmaichi, and The Saint John River. She became interested in the Loyalists of New Brunswick while putting together the story of her Loyalist ancestor, Alexander Clark, and has done extensive research in Canada, the united States and England. The practice of putting footnotes at the end of the book has made it readable for the ordinary person, and yet allows serious students of history to avail themselves of Mrs. Wright's painstaking research. The frontispiece is a clear map of New Brunswick and will be useful to those not familiar with the province. In the opening chapter Mrs. Wright explains the changing of "Tory" into "Loyalist". Her quotations are extremely well chosen, particularly the extracts from different diaries to show what life was like in those days. The accounts of Walter Bates, Sarah Frost, Mrs. _ .----t· - Fisher, John Ward and 11-year old Hannah Ingraham give vivid pic­ tures of the hardships of the Loyalists and show that satisfactory ar­ rangements were not made for the arrival of Loyalists or Provincial Corps. The author discusses why May 18 was chosen as Loyalist Day when some arrived on May 10 and the disembarking of passengers occupied nearly a month; and by using Commissary-General's ac­ counts and other sources has been able to work out a more comprehen­ sive list of ships in the Spring Fleet, June Fleet, Late Summer Arrivals and Fall Fleet. Everyone has heard in a vague way that the British government gave supplies to the Loyalists, but included in this volume is an interesting table of rations and their equivalents, which should prove most interestin~ to a modern dietitian. The author is critical of the complacent attitude generally adopted by New Brunswickers toward toe Loyalists and proves false the popular beliefs that New Brunswick Loyalists came mostly from Massachusetts and that they belonged to the first families of that colony and that many were Harvard graduates. It will come as a shock to many to realize that 90% of Loyalists in New Brunswick were American born. Mrs. Wright's researches have shown that approximately 40% of Loyalists - --- ----........... '-" '-Jt..J~..l..:J .J..\IJ.:.J y ..L .l.!J yy A ""''in the Comban7'1 "'"' Wor.4.r at Cwlblt, Ontario •.. lltt larttul (Jouxr transformtr (J/ant in Canada. Her<, transformtrs art built for lltt count,.,•1 ttreal ekctric Power (Jroittts. /lfa111 tltowantls of matliematical calculations are inwl11td in duicnintt transformers, and tltt widt vnn·e11 of otlttr tkctn"cal equi1Jm111t manufactured at Ca11adian Ctn<ral Eltctric's fifittn Plants. ''That's why you should study maths, son" A close loolr. at Canada today will quiclr.ly By the time many young Canadian• have com· convince any young man that mathematic~ pleted their education the use of electricity will play an important part in his future. will again have doubled. The more abundantly Everywhere about him he will see the electric power is produced and put to work in handiwork of the professional engineer industry and homes, the higher will go our whose training, based on math em a tics, standard of living and the lower will go the is contributing so much to this country's costs of producing goods of every variety. vast expansion. In the coming years Canada's continuing de· The demand for engineers grows as Canada velopment will offer the challenge and reward grows. Just 15 years ago, only one in 660 of engineering careers to thousands of young worlters was a graduate engineer. Now there Canadians. For them there will be the satis- is one to every 180 and the need continues faction of participating in an important and to increase. For wherever big things are going skilful profession and the deeper satisfaction on, there you will find the engineer . of contributing to the strength and prosperity whose vision and initiative make him a key of our nation. man in Canada's progress. For over 60 years, Canadian General Electric Nearly a thousand engineers arc employed by has engineered and manufactured much of the this Company alone .. one to about every electricalequipmcntthatbasplayedsuchavital 15 employees. They design, develop, role in malr.ing this country one of the most manufacture, sell and service complex highly electrified in the world. T oday the electrical equipment ... equipment that Company continues to expand its generates power, transmits it and puts facilities, not only for present require- 1 i t to work in homes, farms and flI. ments, but also to meet the needs industry. ~ of the Canada of tomorrow. -,:J-ogre$S Is Ovr Most lmporlant Protlvcf CANADIAN GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY NEW BOOKS came from New York, 22% from New Jersey, 12.9% from Connecti­ cut and 7.7% from Pennsylvania and only 6.1% from Massachusetts. Nor do they fit into the categories usually accepted by American his­ torians that Loyalists belonged to the governing, wealthy and profes­ sional classes or to the Church of England clergy. The writer estimf!-tes that bet~een 14,000 and 15,000 Loyalists came to New. Bruns:wi~k, and has listed the names of 6 000 of these in the Appendix. This list shows names of families thei~ former homes, service during the Re­ vol.ution, their first gra~ts, and their subsequent g~an_ts or place of residence. However, it is a pity that so many abbrev1at1ons were used in this valuable list. Mrs. Wright has been able to draw on her past studies for the .chap­ ters on "The Old Province" and "The New Province," but she blames bad leadership at Halifax for dividing the Old Province of Nova Scotia and condemns Governor John Parr and Nova Scotian officials without in~icating clearly .the difficulties they had to overcome with the ~?pu­ l~t10n of the provmce doubled overnight. Parr may ha:ve lac~ed .far­ s1g~ tedness, goo~ judgment, ability to seize on t~e salient pomts m a policy or suggestion, and let the non-essentials go and may have been "timid about acting without instructions from home" as Mrs. Wright declares, but I disagree with her statement that the "members of the Council were even less statesmanlike than Parr, and the question of fees loomed eyen larger in their eyes than in the governor's." . Mrs. Wright has described the harsh treatment of the Loyalists by .the ~eb~ls, the delay in getting rations and gr!l'n~ in Noya Scotia, their exile m a strange country and their hardships m carvmg ho.mes and farms and towns from a wilderness and has thrown some new light on this familiar story by her careful r~search. There are many happy turns of phrase as when she men !;ions that Cartier had discovered ~ai~ de Chaleur "on one of its rare hot days" and. t~~t Willia~ Frank- lin was as fond of words as his father Benjamm. The writer con­ cludes that many descendants of Loyalists remain in New Brunswick to~ay and t~at the "belief in constitutional procedure for redress of -:-­ grievances, like the loyalty to the British crown one o! t~e funda~ental tenets of the Loyalists, meant patience and a conviction of ultimate triumph of justice. It meant respect for law and order and f?r orderl.Y procedure.... As the Loyalist developed into New Brunsww.ker, this was the most valuable contribution he made to the new province and to the ~ation of which it ultimately became a part." . ~his hands?me looking volume on The Loyalists of l:f ew Brunswick, W!th its cle~r pnnt and binding in scarlet cloth, is a cre41~ to the B_runs­ wick Pre~s m Fredericton and to publishers in the Mar1t1me Provmces. Mrs. Wright has produced a vivid and well-documented account of those families who settled in the wilderness north of the Bay of Fundy in what is now New Brunswick. P. R. BLAKELEY. THE DALHOUSIE REVIEW 291 Burchell, Smith, Jost, Willis & Burchell i&arnsurs. i;oliritors. £tr. Canadian Pacific Building HALIFAX. N . S. HON. c. J. Bt1RCBl:LL, Q.C. JoeN WtLLIS F. D. SMITH, Q.C. c. w. BURCHELL w. H. JOST, Q.C. s. P. CHISHOLM G. H. FITZGERALD Compliments of Maritime Photo Engravers Ltd.