THE Pennsylvania Magazine OF HISTORY AND BIOGRAPHY VOLUME CXXXIII 1300 LOCUST STREET, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19107 2009 CONTENTS ARTICLES Page The Lancaster County Cholera Epidemic of 1854 and the Challenge to the Miasma Theory of Disease John B. Osborne 5 Reconstructing Philadelphia: African Americans and Politics in the Post–Civil War North Andrew Diemer 29 The Assimilation of German Immigrants into a Pennsylvania German Township, 1840–1900 Robert F. Hueston 59 Pennsylvania, the Militia, and the Second Amendment Nathan R. Kozuskanich 119 Federalist Decline and Despair on the Pennsylvanian Frontier: Hugh Henry Brackenridge’s Modern Chivalry Robert Battistini 149 “I shall speak in Philadelphia”: Emma Goldman and theFree Speech League Bill Lynskey 167 Anxious Hospitality: Indian “Loitering” at Fort Allen, 1756–1761 Daniel Ingram 221 A Common Law of Membership: Expulsion, Regulation, and Civil Society in the Early Republic Kevin Butterfield 255 A Looking-Glass for Presbyterians: Recasting a Prejudice in Late Colonial Pennsylvania Benjamin Bankhurst 317 EXHIBIT REVIEW A Common Canvas Eliza Jane Reilly 277 NOTES AND DOCUMENTS Newly Available and Processed Collections at The Historical Society of Pennsylvania Eric Klinek and HSP Archives Staff 89 Political Influence in Philadelphia Judicial Appointments: Abraham L. Freedman’s Account Isador Kranzel, with Eric Klinek 349 Elizabeth Kirkbride Gurney’s Correspondence with Abraham Lincoln: The Quaker Dilemma Max L. Carter 389 REVIEW ESSAYS A Roundtable Discussion of Gary Nash’s The Urban Crucible John M. Murrin, Benjamin L. Carp, Billy G. Smith, Simon Middleton, Richard S. Newman, and Gary B. Nash 397 BOOK REVIEWS 97, 203, 285, 441 INDEX 457 THE HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF PENNSYLVANIA OFFICERS Chair SARAH D. PRICE Executive Vice Chair BRUCE K. FENTON Vice Chairs LEONARD L. COMBS HOWARD H. LEWIS WALTER LICHT CHALRES E. MATHER III PAGE TALBOTT Secretary HENRY LAFAYETTE COLLINS III Treasurer MAJID ALSAYEGH Councilors DEBORAH DILWORTH BISHOP ROBERT J. RITTENHOUSE THOMAS BISHOP ROBERT G. SOUAID ROBERT W. BOGLE THOMAS J. SUGRUE BARBARA GREENFIELD ALICE LEA TASMAN KRISHNA LAHIRI JOSEPH P. WATKINS TSIWEN M. LAW GEORGE W. CONNELL, Emeritus CAROL CLARK LAWRENCE JACK M. FRIEDLAND, Emeritus LEON L. LEVY BRUCE H. HOOPER, Emeritus JERRY J. MAGINNIS DAVID W. MAXEY, Emeritus COLLIN F. M CNEIL HARRISON M. WRIGHT, Emeritus KAREN NAGEL THOMAS BARBANO, Ex officio DAVID A. OTHMER JOHN C. HAAS, Ex officio NATHAN K. RAAB STAFF KIM SAJET, President & CEO LAURA PROCTOR, Administrative Assistant & Coordinator of Board Materials LIBRARY AND COLLECTIONS PROGRAMS AND SERVICES LEE ARNOLD, Senior Director of the Library TAMARA GASKELL, Historian and Director of and Collections Publications and Scholarly Programs JOAN SAVERINO, Folklorist and Director of ARCHIVES AND COLLECTIONS MANAGEMENT Education and Outreach LAURI CIELO, Director of Programs and MATTHEW LYONS, Director of Archives and Communications Collections Management MELISSA M. MANDELL, Project Coordinator, CARY MAJEWICZ, Technical Services Archivist PhilaPlace WECKEA DEJURE LILLY, Archival Processor DWIGHT SWANSON, PhilaPlace Digitial Media HEATHER WILLEVER-FARR, Archival Processor Coordinator MICHAEL RYAN, Programs Associate Remote Services DANA M. LAMPARELLO, Digital Collections Archivist DEVELOPMENT Special Projects MARYGRACE GILMORE, Senior Director of CATHLEEN MILLER, Project Archivist, Digital Development Center for Americana CHRISTIANNE BALSASMO, Coordinator of WILLHEM ECHEVARRIA, Project Archival Membership Metadata Assistant, Digital Center for JON-CHRIS HATALSKI, Coordinator of Grants Americana and Government Relations EMILIE KRETSCHMAR, Development Associate CATALOGING JACQUELINE TADDONIO, Director of Cataloging FINANCE AND OPERATIONS CONSERVATION MICHAEL HAIRSTON, Chief Operating Officer KATHERINE WALDRON, Staff Accountant TARA O’BRIEN, Director of Preservation and TYRONE LITES, Assistant Facilities Manager Conservation Services GEORGE JAMES, Facilities Technician LEAH MACKIN, Project Conservation Technician WATSUKI HARRINGTON, Preservation Technician RESEARCH SERVICES DAVID HAUGAARD, Director of Research Services SARAH HEIM, Research Services Librarian DANIEL N. ROLPH, Historian and Head of Reference Services STEVEN SMITH, Reference Librarian RONALD MEDFORD, Senior Research Services Associate as of October 2009 INDEX 2009 Abbott, Leonard (president, Free Speech Allen, William (PA chief justice), 230 League), 171, 175, 186, 196 AME Church, book on, 102–3 Abele, Julian (architect), 94–95 American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU), abolition: book on, 300–302; Phila. and, 169, 199–200 33–34; John Woolman, book on, 203–4 American Colonization Society (ACS), Abolitionists Remember: Antislavery African American opposition to, 33 Autobiographies and the Unfinished American history 1815–48, book on, 209–10 Work of Emancipation, by Jeffrey, rev., American Journal of Medical Science (jour- 300–302 nal), 19 Ackerknecht, Erwin H. (medical historian), 8, American naval history, book on, 206–7 15, 28 American Revolution, book on, 205–6 ACLU (American Civil Liberties Union), Ames, Fisher, 161; Federalism and, 152 169, 199–200 anarchism, Emma Goldman and, 167–202 ACS (American Colonization Society), passim African American opposition to, 33 “Anarchism: What It Really Means,” by Adams, John: Alien and Sedition Acts of 1798 Goldman (speech), 179 and, 169; Declaration of Independence “Anarchism and Why It Is Unpopular,” by and, 136, 139; voluntary military corps Goldman (speech), 197 and, 146 Anarchist Exclusion Act of 1903, 172, 201 Adams, John Quincy, death of, 209 Anderson, Patricia Dockman, book rev. by, African Americans: antebellum period, 208–9 women during, book on, 105–6; crime and Anglicans, Anti-Presbyterianism among, violence, women and, book on, 106–8; 317–48 passim employment and, book on, 310; Fifteenth Anne (queen of England), 323 Amendment, 50, 52; William Fontaine, Annenberg, Walter (philanthropist), 354–55, book on, 213–15; as founding fathers, 363–85 passim book on, 102–3; interracial unionism in “Another Urban Crucible: Gary Nash and the Progressive-era Phila., book on, 108–9; in New Black Urbanism,” by Richard S. post–Civil War Phila., 29–58; Newman, 424–30 “respectability” as a strategy for equality An Answer to the Pamphlet Entituled the of, 34, 34n; Social, Civil and Statistical Conduct of the Paxton Men, 332 Association of the Colored People of antebellum period, African American women Philadelphia, 35; streetcar segregation in during, book on, 105–6 Phila. and, 34–42 passim; suffrage and, anthracite miners. See coal miners/mining 42–57 (with political cartoons) anti-Catholicism in colonial PA, 333–36 African Methodist Episcopal Church, book anticontagionism, 5–28 passim on, 102–3 anti-Presbyterianism in colonial PA, 317–48 Age (newspaper), 40–41, 43 (political cartoon), anti-Semitism in early America, book on, 48, 50, 51, 54–56 97–98 Alabama (ship), print of, 91 “Anxious Hospitality: Indian ‘Loitering’ at alcohol: at Fort Allen, 221–53 passim; Fort Allen, 1756–1761,” by Daniel German American immigrants into PA Ingram, 221–53 and, 84–85 architecture: PA Germans and, book on, Alcorn, James L. (Phila. city attorney), 184 445–47; Horace Trumbauer (1868–1938), Alexander, Raymond Pace (Phila. council- collection (ca. 1898–1947), 94–95 man), 354, 363–85 passim, 386 Architecture and Artifacts of the Pennsylvania Alien and Sedition Acts of 1798, 169 Germans: Constructing Identity in Early Alison, Francis (vice provost of the College of America, by Falk, rev., 445–47 Philadelphia), 325–27, 333, 337 Armstrong, William G. (diarist), 40, 53 Allen, Anita L., book rev. by, 213–15 Aronson, Michael, Nickelodeon City: Allen, Richard, book on, 102–3 Pittsburgh at the Movies, 1905–1929, Allen, James, Declaration of Independence rev., 451–52 and, 136 art: design of Philadelphia Museum of Art, 458 94; exhibit rev., 277–84 (with photos) Billy Budd, by Melville, 166 “‘Artisans’ and the ‘Middling Sort’ in Gary Binns, John (Democratic Press newspaper edi- Nash’s Eighteenth-Century Urban tor), 258–71, 274 America?” by Simon Middleton, 416–23 Black Philosopher, White Academy: The Ashbridge, Samuel H. (Phila. mayor), 176 Career of William Fontaine, by Kuklick, Assembly Party, 320–48 passim rev., 213–15 assimilation: of German American immigrants Blanc, Victor H. (Phila. district attorney), 352, in PA, 59–87; six stages of, 60, 60n 355, 363–85 passim “The Assimilation of German Immigrants Blankenburg, Rudolph (Phila. mayor), 196, into a Pennsylvania German Township, 350 1840–1900,” by Robert F. Hueston, 59–87 Blodget, Samuel (economist), 257 Atlee, Dr. John, 5–28 passim Blue Mountain region (1756–61), 221–53 Audenried, Charles Y. (judge), 182, 186–88 passim, 223 (map) Aurora (newspaper), 260–71 passim Bodies of Work: Civic Display and Labor in The Autobiography of Alice B. Toklas, by Industrial Pittsburgh, by Slavishak, rev., Stein, 166 303–4 Avondale, PA 1869 mining disaster, book on, Boone, Daniel, book on, 292–93 210–11 Borish, Bernard (attorney), 355, 363–85 passim Bowers, John C. (activist), 38, 39 badge, Order of Cincinnatus, 155–56, 155n, Bowman, Hans (trader), 249, 251 160–61 Bowser, David (activist), 41 Baldwin, Roger (progressive), 169 Brackenridge, Hugh Henry: Law Bankhurst, Benjamin, “A Looking-Glass for Miscellanies, 164, 164n; Modern Presbyterians: Recasting a Prejudice in Chivalry, article on, 149–66; Six Political Late Colonial Pennsylvania,” 317–48 Discourses, 160 Barclay, Thomas (diplomat), book on, 288–89 Braddock, Gen. Edward, 226 Barkan, Elliott (historian),