UNIX 1: Introduction to UNIX Workbook Edition 5 October 2001 UNIX 1: Introduction to UNIX Edition 5,October 2001 EUCS Document Number: F.5.WB-3184-10/2001 Copyright © EUCS 2001 Permission is granted to any individual or institution to use, copy or redistribute this document whole or in part, so long as it is not sold for profit and provided that the above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies. Where any part of this document is included in another document, due acknowledgement is required. Chapter 1: Using Unix . 7 What is Unix? . 9 Unix is widely used . 10 Shell : Unix’s user interface . 11 Unix and window systems . 12 Multi-user system . 13 Logging in . 14 Choosing a password . 16 Logging out! . 18 Computer files . 20 File names . 21 Manipulating files . 22 Unix commands . 24 Unix is flexible . 26 ls (list files) . 27 Filenames and directories . 28 more . 30 Modifying more . 31 Modifying more (contd.) . 32 cat . 34 Copying files - ‘cp’ and ‘mv’ . 36 Deleting files - ‘rm’ . 38 Editing: ue (microemacs) . 40 microemacs (contd.) . 41 microemacs (contd.) . 42 Printing file contents . 44 lpr (contd.) . 45 Has the file printed yet? . 46 Postscript files . 48 enscript . 50 Getting help! . 52 Chapter 2: The Unix filesystem . 55 Directory Structure . 57 Finding your location: pwd . 58 Relative pathnames . 60 Making new directories . 62 Commands and pathnames . 64 Other people’s filespace! . 66 Groups . 68 File permissions! . 70 Directory permissions . 72 Changing permissions . 74 Copying files . 76 Removing directories . 78 Backup facilities . 80 Computer disks . 81 Investigating your quota . 82 Saving space . 84 Disk usage . 86 Chapter 3: Unix Facilities. 89 Saving time using the shell . 91 Filename completion. 92 History mechanism . 94 Edit a command line . 96 Wildcards . 98 Question mark ? . 100 Redirecting information . 102 Pipes . 104 grep . ..