January 3, 2019 DOE HEP Renewal Proposal from Duke University High Energy Physics to Department of Energy Office of Science Project Title: Research in High Energy Physics at Duke University Project Director: Christopher W. Walter address: Physics Department, Science Drive Duke University, Box 90305, Durham, NC 27708-0305 email: [email protected] phone: (919) 660-2535 Principal Investigators: Task A (Energy Frontier): A. Arce, A. Goshaw, A. Kotwal, M. Kruse • Task C (Cosmic Frontier): C. Walter • Task M (Intensity Frontier): S. Oh • Task N (Intensity Frontier): P. Barbeau, K. Scholberg, C. Walter • Project Period: April 1, 2016 to March 31, 2019 DOE award number: DE-SC0010007 Funding Opportunity Number: DE-FOA-0001358 Recipient Address: Duke University c/o Office of Research Support 2200 West Main Street, Suite 710 Durham, NC 27708-4677 Recipient TIN: 56-0532129 DOE Office of Science Program Office: High Energy Physics Technical Contact: Dr. Abid Patwa email: [email protected] 1 1 Cover Page Supplement for Multiple Research Areas Lead PI: Christopher Walter Task A (Energy Frontier): A. Arce, A. Goshaw, A. Kotwal, M. Kruse • Task C (Cosmic Frontier): C. Walter • Task M (Intensity Frontier): S. Oh • Task N (Intensity Frontier): P. Barbeau, K. Scholberg, C. Walter • Name and Yearly Budget for Proposals with Multiple Research Areas Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Total Name Research Area Budget Budget Budget Budget Lead PI C. Walter - - - - Co-PI A. Arce Energy Frontier $1,117,858 $1,117,026 $1,142,970 $3,377,855 A. Goshaw A. Kotwal M. Kruse Intensity Frontier Co-PI S. Oh $249,707 $257,346 $239,386 $746,439 Muon Intensity Frontier Co-PI K. Scholberg $349,317 $470,528 $480,788 $1,300,633 Neutrino C. Walter Co-PI C. Walter Cosmic Frontier $198,406 $204,582 $209,778 $612,767 TOTAL - - $1,915,289 $2,049,482 $2,072,922 $6,037,693 2 Contents 1 Cover Page Supplement for Multiple Research Areas 2 2 Introduction 4 2.1 Summary of Research Activities . .5 3 Task A: Hadron Collider Physics at ATLAS 7 3.1 ATLAS Physics . .8 3.2 Plans for Run 2 physics at ATLAS . 15 3.3 Operations Support . 17 3.4 Community Service . 23 3.5 Budget Justification and Personnel Requests . 24 3.6 ATLAS Conference Talks . 24 4 Task C: Cosmology 24 4.1 Introduction . 24 4.2 Current Work, Accomplishments and Near Term Plans . 25 4.3 Other Contributions to LSST and the DESC . 28 4.4 Long Term Plans and Context . 28 4.5 Budget Justification and Personnel Requests . 29 5 Task M: Intensity Frontier program at Mu2E 29 5.1 Introduction . 30 5.2 Mu2e . 30 5.3 Mu2e at Duke . 31 5.4 Budget . 37 6 Task N: Neutrino Physics 38 6.1 Task N History and Overview . 38 6.2 The COHERENT Experiment . 39 6.3 Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment . 55 6.4 Super-Kamiokande and T2K . 55 6.5 Additional Activities . 58 6.6 Service to the Particle Physics Community . 58 6.7 Future Plans . 58 6.8 Publications and Presentations . 58 6.9 Budget Justification . 58 Appendices 59 Appendix 1 Biographical Sketches 59 Appendix 2 Research Scientists 75 Appendix 3 Current and Pending Support 79 3 Appendix 4 Bibliography and References Cited 84 4.1 Energy Frontier References . 84 4.2 Cosmic Frontier References . 84 4.3 Intensity Frontier References . 85 Appendix 5 Facilities and Other Resources 88 Appendix 6 Equipment 89 Appendix 7 Additional Budget Requirements 90 7.1 Task A Budget and Justification . 90 7.2 Task C Budget and Justification . 91 7.3 Task M Budget and Justification . 92 7.4 Task N Budget and Justification . 93 Appendix 8 Data Management Plan 96 Appendix 9 Other Attachment 98 2 Introduction The Duke High Energy Physics Group has been carrying out elementary particle research for over forty years. Initial experiments used bubble chambers, with a transition to electronic fixed target experiments in the 1970's. The current program is focused on measurements using hadron colliders, high energy neutrino beams, intense muon beams and survey science telescopes. The active experiments are: ATLAS at the LHC (since 1995) • Neutrino physics at Super-Kamiokande, T2K, DUNE and COHERENT (since 2004) • Search for rare processes at Mu2E (since 2011) • The study of Dark Energy with LSST (since 2013) • The ATLAS experiment forms the basis of our program at the energy frontier where we conduct studies of electroweak, exotics, Higgs and top physics. The research program at AT- LAS is carried out by four Duke faculty members (Professors Arce, Goshaw, Kotwal, Kruse), one senior scientist, two postdocs, and typically six graduate students. These activities are funded by a single umbrella Task A. The Neutrino program is centered around a set of experiments in both Japan and the United States. It is carried out by Professors Barbeau, Scholberg and Walter along with typically two postdocs (currently one) and eight students. The COHERENT program is the current focus, along with contributions to DUNE in the U.S., and continued involvement with Super-K and T2K in Japan. The neutrino research program is described under Task N. Research on rare processes at Fermilab's intensity frontier was established at Duke in 2011 by Prof. Oh and one senior scientist on the Mu2E experiment. This research program, currently focussed on the tracker R&D, is described under Task M. 4 Starting in 2013, Walter started a new Cosmic Frontier effort at Duke by joining the LSST Dark Energy Survey Collaboration (DESC). He is proposing funding in the Cosmic Frontier for the first time in this proposal. This research program is described in the narrative of Task C. 2.1 Summary of Research Activities Sections 3 through 6 of this document contain the detailed project descriptions of our re- search programs carried out by each PI. We include here a summary of physics goals and contributions Duke has made to each of the frontiers. 2.1.1 Energy Frontier - Hadron Collider Physics Duke's hadron collider physics program focuses on research at the CERN LHC using the ATLAS detector. We have made major contributions to the design, construction and instal- lation of the barrel Transition Radiation Tracker. We have also played major roles in ATLAS data preparation and performance, including TRT reconstruction software and alignment, software commissioning, the alignment of silicon detectors and the global inner detector alignment, Monte Carlo simulation, electron-photon and jet substructure reconstruction: TRT software group co-leaders • Eγ group co-leader • Jet substructure group co-leader • Run-dependent Monte Carlo coordinator • MC production coordinator • Finally, we have taken on leadership roles in many aspects of USATLAS computing and management, and in project planning for the ATLAS Phase-II upgrade: Standard Model Electroweak Co-convener • USATLAS and ATLAS Tier 3 project co-leader • USATLAS Institutional Board Chair • USATLAS Physics Advisor • USATLAS Physics Support Deputy Manager • USATLAS TRT Level 3 Manager • USATLAS Outreach Coordinator • ATLAS Upgrade Physics Sub-Committee • Continuing service work in ATLAS operations will be based upon our experience from CDF and ATLAS, with tracking detector alignment and reconstruction, Eγ and jet substructure reconstruction, and computing. We are working on the ATLAS upgrade, through investi- gation of the physics case, simulation, and the upgrade of the silicon tracker. We have a number of published and ongoing physics analyses ranging from measurements of electroweak processes to searches for new physics at high mass scales. 5 2.1.2 Intensity Frontier - Neutrino Research Duke's neutrino physics program is focused on Super-Kamiokande, the ongoing T2K off-axis beam experiment, the future experiment DUNE, and the new COHERENT experiment. We have been active in: Super-K atmospheric ν oscillations, including three-flavor, Lorentz violation, sterile oscil- lation• and τ appearance analyses Beam neutrino oscillation analyses with T2K (νe appearance and νµ disappearance) • Supernova neutrino physics studies for DUNE • LBNE Supernova Burst Physics Working Group Convener (2010-2014); DUNE CD1-R Supernova• Burst Physics Task Force Convener; DUNE Low-Energy Physics Working Group Co-convener (2015-) Hyper-K Simulations Software Convener (2013-) • Our service work is extensive and primarily in support of our physics interests. Recent and ongoing responsibilities include: COHERENT Spokesperson (2014-2017) • COHERENT Analysis Coordinator (2014-) • COHERENT Deputy Spokesperson (2017-) • COHERENT Physics Coordinator (2018-) • DUNE Executive Committee (2015-2018) • DUNE Supernova Burst/Low-Energy Physics Working Group Co-Convener (2015-) • DUNE Single Phase Photon Sim/Reco Group Co-Convener (2016-) • DUNE Dual Phase Photon Sim/Reco Group Co-Convener (2016-) • Outer detector PMT calibration, data quality control and simulation for SK • In the next cycle we will continue SK and T2K responsibilities, and these experiments will continue to provide training and theses for students, and publications for postdocs. We will continue scientific leadership roles in COHERENT and DUNE. 2.1.3 Intensity Frontier - Rare Processes Research Duke's research program in this area is based on the Mu2E experiment at Fermilab. We are active in the R&D on the straw tracker which is at the heart of the experiment. The Duke group has expertise in straw trackers after building the ATLAS barrel TRT and is playing a leading role in the Mu2E straw tracker effort. 2.1.4 Cosmic Frontier - Cosmology with LSST Starting in 2013, Walter started a new Cosmic Frontier effort at Duke by joining the LSST Dark Energy Survey Collaboration (DESC). He is proposing funding in the cosmic frontier for the first time in this proposal. Currently he: Serves as a DESC Survey Simulation co-convener • Is a full member of the DESC, working in the Weak Lensing group. • Works in the Sensor Anomalies Working Group on validating dynamic sensor effects.