Report 2012 AFRICA UNFPA AFRICA UNFPIMPACT Getting Everyone Helping Mothers Counted Round of 2010 Live censuses in Africa Special on CARMMA Young People Africa prioritizes youth Changing Gender Norms 2 Delivering a world where every pregnancy is wanted, every childbirth is safe, and every young person’s potential is fulfilled. Report 2012 Dr. Babatunde Osotimehin Executive Director United Nations Population Fund, UNFPA UNFPA AFRICA UNFPA strategic focus Population dynamics Young people The goal... including adolescents Achieve universal access to sexual and To improve the reproductive health, lives of... promote reproductive rights, reduce maternal mortality, and accelerate progress on the Human rights ICPD agenda and MDG 5 (A&B) Women Gender equality enabled by... 3 UNFPA in Africa Cameroon Botswana Report 2012 UNFPA AFRICA Côte d’Ivoire UNFPA The United Nations Population Fund’s goal is to achieve universal access to sexual and reproductive health (including family planning), São Tomé promote reproductive rights, & Príncipe reduce maternal mortality and accelerate progress on the Sub-Regional Liaison Sub-Regional International Conference on Office Office Office Population and Development Dakar Johannesburg (ICPD) Agenda and Millennium Development Goal 5 (A and B) in order to empower and improve the lives of underserved populations, especially women and young people (including adolescents), enabled Regional by an understanding of population Office dynamics, human rights and gender equality, and driven by country Johannesburg needs and tailored to the country context. Headquarters CONTENT • UNFPA in Africa • How we are changing the picture • The focus of our work • Act always, for women and youth • The challenges in sub-Saharan Africa P 9 Helping mothers live: Maternal Health Extent of maternal mortality in Africa CARMMA: Campaign for Accelerated Reduction of Maternal Mortality in Africa CARMMA in Sierra Leone: leading with change African countries’ commitment to the UNSG global strategy Cameroon: Enabling more women to deliver safely Huge drop in maternal mortality in Congo Progress on family planning in Africa Madagascar: tripling contraceptive use in 10 years The benefits of investing in family planning Training of midwives Midwives in Ghana overcome barriers to giving birth in facilities Using mobile phones to tackle fistula in Tanzania P 21 Adolescents and Youth P 25 Getting everyone counted: African Youth Charter Population Dynamics Teaching Madagascar’s youth about STIs Round of 2010 censuses in Africa 7 billion actions, WOMEN Chad’s census 7 billion stories! - a succesful undertaking Providing evidence to enhance quality of life P 33 HIV Prevention YOUNG PEOPLE HIV prevalence declines in Zimbabwean districts Sex work and HIV in Rwanda Developing a national EMTCT plan in Rwanda P 29 Changing Gender Norms School of Husbands in Niger Cutting out Female Genital P 38 Mutilation Special Report: UNFPA in Addressing girls’ vulnerability in Humanitarian Settings Ethiopia A refugee’s journey to Dadaab (Kenya) • Did you know? • Spreading UNFPA’s message through music • Looking ahead: Africa Regional Consultation Meeting 5 The focus of our work Getting Helping everyone Changing mothers live counted gender norms UNFPA helps governments If a country is to see to UNFPA tackles four to deliver sexual and its people’s needs, the elements of gender reproductive health care government needs a full inequality and violations of throughout a woman’s life set of facts and figures to rights – girls’ education, cycle. We advocate for understand the population women’s economic the right of all people to dynamics, chart the trends empowerment, women’s voluntarily decide the number and plan for the future. This political participation and the and timing of their children. allows it to build sound balancing of reproductive We support programmes policies and generate political and productive roles. Report 2012 that ensure reliable supplies, will to appropriately address improve access and the nation’s needs – now and Providing affordability, and promote the in the future. UNFPA assists acceptance and utilization humanitarian UNFPA AFRICA countries in every aspect of of family planning services. this task, from developing assistance We also promote maternal capacity in data collection, health, which includes good analysis and utilization, to Within the interagency care for pregnant women and participating in national, response to disasters, safe childbirth, to safeguard regional and global policy UNFPA takes the lead the lives of mothers and their dialogue. It includes migration, in providing supplies newborn babies. ageing, climate change and and services to promote urbanization. reproductive health, Empowering emphasizing the special youth needs and vulnerabilities HIV prevention of women and young UNFPA’s four key strategies people. Both groups can for empowering young people As a co-sponsor of UNAIDS, figure prominently in and protecting them from we focus on HIV prevention rebuilding communities. sexual and reproductive among young people, women UNFPA supports various health problems, including and marginalized groups, data collection activities in HIV, include incorporating including sex workers. We humanitarian situations to youth issues into national support comprehensive provide detailed information development and poverty programming for male for planning and rapid health reduction strategies, and female condoms. We assessments to allow for expanding access to advocate for the linking and appropriate, effective and gender-sensitive sexual integration of sexual and efficient relief. We also and reproductive health reproductive health and HIV assist stricken communities education that encourages policies, programmes and as they move beyond the the development of life services. acute crisis stage and enter skills, promoting a core the reconstruction phase. package of health services and commodities for young people, and encouraging youth leadership and effective participation in policy dialogue and quality programming. 6 The challenges in sub-Saharan Africa More per than cent 22million 55 Africans are living with of all pregnancy-related HIV, 61 per cent of them deaths worldwide occur in women. Young people Africa. On average, more accounted for 40 per cent than five women die per of all new infections among 1000 live births. people aged 15–49 years in 2009. Almost 3000 Report 2012 youth are infected daily. Deaths of women from maternal causes each year UNFPA AFRICA 1 1 1 1 In Latin America In Africa 22 In Asia 120 290 Developed countries 7300 per per cent cent 54of the region’s 46 countries 10of people have access to condoms in West and has undertaken national Central Africa. population and housing censuses. Ensuring the collection and analysis of, In sub-Saharan Africa and access to, data needs of women aged 15 to 49 to be a top priority in the who are married or in coming decade. 1 union and have expressed the desire to use contraceptives do not have 4 access to them. Sub-Saharan Africa has 11,8 million million internally displaced people 92girls aged 10 years and above have and undergone Female Genital 2,1 million refugees (2010) Mutilation (estimation). million girls in the region are at risk for 3 Female Genital Mutilation annually. 7 How we are changing the picture Maternal mortality in Africa has reduced by 41per cent between 1990 and 2010. The proportion of women in sub-Saharan Africa who received skilled assistance Report 2012 during delivery rose from 41 per cent in 1990 to 46 per cent in 2008. UNFPA AFRICA 25 African countries have conducted their censuses to date. The African Youth Charter has been adopted and ratified by more than 28 countries. It became a legally binding document after ratification by 16 Member States. A 25 per cent reduction in HIV prevalence among young people aged 15–24 has been recorded in 15 out of the 21 countries most affected by HIV and 13 of these are in sub-Saharan Africa. This has been attributed to declining new infections and changing sexual behaviour patterns.¹ The risk of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV (PMTCT) has been reduced from nearly 40 per cent to under 5 per cent To date more than 2000 communities in Africa have publicly declared their abandonment of FGM ¹ UNAIDS 2010. Outlook Breaking News : Young people are leading the HIV prevention revolution 8 The Executive Director’s new Act always, strategic direction for the organization has confirmed our for women and youth priorities – that of MDG 5, maternal who are leading and managing us should be stronger in health and their roles than they were at that time. maternal mortality Fourthly, we seek to be an agency that is critical to UN reduction. reform. We intend to take it seriously and to partner with other agencies in this aim. The whole world is going into Bunmi Makinwa, Africa Regional Director the mode of ‘Delivering as One’. What are the priorities for UNFPA’s Africa Regional Our fifth priority area is to work on operational issues Office? At our first Regional Planning Meeting in 2009, that have become problematic. This includes the National we decided to focus on five priority areas. Execution (NEX) Audit Management System and Operating Fund Accounts (OFAs). We hadn’t had a qualified Firstly, we sought to become Africa’s foremost audit but we knew that if we didn’t deal with the issues organization on maternal health. The reason we chose promptly, we could soon run into difficulties. We took the Report 2012 this focus is that MDG 5, which includes maternal health, matter seriously and I am pleased to tell you that we have lags the furthest behind and the performance of most made significant progress in each of the files. Even today, African countries is poorest on this front. Our primary aim they remain our priorities. is to help countries in sub-Saharan Africa reduce their UNFPA AFRICA maternal death rates. The Executive Director’s new strategic direction for the organization has confirmed our priorities – that of MDG 5, Our second priority is population development and maternal health and maternal mortality reduction.