8/8/2019 ESRL Global Monitoring Division - Global Greenhouse Gas Reference Network (http://www.noaa.gov) Earth System Research Laboratory (https://www.esrl.noaa.gov) Global Monitoring Division (/gmd/) Global Greenhouse Gas Reference Network (/gmd/ccgg/) (/gmd/webdata/ccgg/trends/rss.xml) Trends in Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Mauna Loa, Hawaii (mlo.html) Global (global.html) CO2 Animation (history.html) CO2 Emissions (ff.html) Last Month (monthly.html) Last 1 Year (weekly.html) Full Record (mlo.html) Growth Rate (gr.html) Data (data.html) Interactive Plots (graph.html) Monthly Average Mauna Loa CO2 July 2019: 411.77 ppm July 2018: 408.71 ppm Last updated: August 5, 2019 https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/ccgg/trends/mlo.html 1/4 8/8/2019 ESRL Global Monitoring Division - Global Greenhouse Gas Reference Network PNG Version (/gmd/webdata/ccgg/trends/co2_trend_mlo.png) PDF Version (/gmd/webdata/ccgg/trends/co2_trend_mlo.pdf) https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/ccgg/trends/mlo.html 2/4 8/8/2019 ESRL Global Monitoring Division - Global Greenhouse Gas Reference Network PNG Version (/gmd/webdata/ccgg/trends/co2_data_mlo.png) PDF Version (/gmd/webdata/ccgg/trends/co2_data_mlo.pdf) The graphs show monthly mean carbon dioxide measured at Mauna Loa Observatory, Hawaii. The carbon dioxide data (red curve), measured as the mole fraction in dry air, on Mauna Loa constitute the longest record of direct measurements of CO2 in the atmosphere. They were started by C. David Keeling of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography in March of 1958 at a facility of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [Keeling, 1976]. NOAA started its own CO2 measurements in May of 1974, and they have run in parallel with those made by Scripps since then [Thoning, 1989]. The last four complete years of the Mauna Loa CO2 record plus the current year are shown in the first graph. The full record of combined Scripps data and NOAA data are shown in the second graph. The dashed red lines with diamond symbols represent the monthly mean values, centered on the middle of each month. The black lines with the square symbols represent the same, after correction for the average seasonal cycle. The latter is determined as a moving average of SEVEN adjacent seasonal cycles centered on the month to be corrected, except for the first and last THREE and one-half years of the record, where the seasonal cycle has been averaged over the first and last SEVEN years, respectively. The last year of data are still preliminary, pending recalibrations of reference gases and other quality control checks. Data are reported as a dry air mole fraction defined as the number of molecules of carbon dioxide divided by the number of all molecules in air, including CO2 itself, after water vapor has been removed. The mole fraction is expressed as parts per million (ppm). Example: 0.000400 is https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/ccgg/trends/mlo.html 3/4 8/8/2019 ESRL Global Monitoring Division - Global Greenhouse Gas Reference Network expressed as 400 ppm. The Mauna Loa data are being obtained at an altitude of 3400 m in the northern subtropics, and may not be the same as the globally averaged CO2 concentration at the surface (global.html#global). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (http://www.noaa.gov/) Earth System Research Laboratory (/) Global Monitoring Division (/gmd/) (https://www.facebook.com/NOAAESRL) (https://twitter.com/NOAA_ESRL) (https://www.youtube.com/user/NOAAESRL) (https://www.flickr.com/photos/noaa_esrl) Contact Us (/gmd/about/contacts.html) | Webmaster (mailto:[email protected]) | Site Map (/gmd/sitemap) Privacy Policy (http://www.noaa.gov/privacy.html) | Accessibility (https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/about/accessibility.html) | Disclaimer (/gmd/about/disclaimer.html) | USA.gov (https://www.usa.gov/) https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/ccgg/trends/mlo.html 4/4 8/8/2019 June 2019 was hottest on record for the globe | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration U.S. Department of Commerce June 2019 was hottest on record for the globe Antarctic sea ice coverage shrank to new record low Climate Satellites climate analyses and statistics July 18, 2019 — Mother Earth worked up a major sweat last month. Scorching temperatures made June 2019 the hottest June on record for the globe. And for the second month in a row, warmth brought Antarctic sea-ice coverage to a new low for June. Here’s a closer look into NOAA’s latest monthly global climate report: Climate by the numbers https://www.noaa.gov/news/june-2019-was-hottest-on-record-for-globe 1/3 8/8/2019 June 2019 was hottest on record for the globe | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration June 2019 The average global temperature in June was 1.71 degrees F above the 20th-century average of 59.9 degrees, making it the hottest June in the 140-year record, according scientists to NOAA’s National Centers for Environmental Information. Nine of the 10 hottest Junes have occurred since 2010. Last month also was the 43rd consecutive June and 414th consecutive month with above-average global temperatures. Year to date I January through June The period from January through June produced a global temperature 1.71 degrees F above the 20th-century average of 56.3 degrees, tying with 2017, as the second-hottest year to date on record. It was the hottest first half of the year for: South America, parts of the southern portion of Africa, Madagascar, New Zealand, Alaska, western Canada, Mexico, eastern Asia, the Atlantic and Indian oceans, and the Bering Sea. An annotated map of the world showing notable climate events that occurred around the world in June 2019. For details, see the short bulleted list below in our story and at http://bit.ly/Global201906. More notable stats and facts https://www.noaa.gov/news/june-2019-was-hottest-on-record-for-globe 2/3 8/8/2019 June 2019 was hottest on record for the globe | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Sea ice keeps melting: Average Antarctic sea-ice coverage was 8.5% below the 1981-2010 average – the smallest on record for June. Average Arctic sea ice coverage was 10.5% below average – the second-smallest on record for June. A slightly cooler year, so far, for some: The contiguous U.S. and southern Canada had year-to-date temperatures at least 1.8 degrees F cooler than average. More > Access NOAA’s full climate report and download images from NCEI website. Media contact John Leslie, (301)-713-0214 https://www.noaa.gov/news/june-2019-was-hottest-on-record-for-globe 3/3 8/8/2019 High temperatures smash all-time records in Alaska in early July 2019 Author: Tom Di Liberto Tuesday, July 16, 2019 Experiencing a summer heat wave with temperatures in the nineties is probably pretty normal for most people. But now imagine you live in Alaska. Not so normal anymore, is it? Alaska has just come to the end of a period of warmth that re-wrote the record books for multiple cities and communities across the state. And crazy enough, it was one of several jaw dropping climate events taking place across our largest state. https://www.climate.gov/print/834345 1/4 8/8/2019 High temperatures smash all-time records in Alaska in early July 2019 This animated gif shows the build-up of extremely high daytime high temperatures across Alaska from July 4–8, 2019. Temperatures cooler than 65°F are shades of blue; those warmer than 65°F are yellow, orange, and red. NOAA Climate.gov image, based on RTMA data. How hot? ALASKA hot. Starting on the Fourth of July and lasting multiple days, temperatures across Alaska were 20 to 30 degrees above average in some locations. On July 4, all-time high temperature records were set in Kenai, Palmer, King Salmon, and Anchorage International Airport. The airport reached an astounding, for Alaska, 90°F, breaking the previous all-time record by 5°F! The average temperature in Anchorage during summer is normally in the mid-sixties. Anchorage, Talkeetna (which saw a July record daily high of 93°F), and King Salmon also observed their warmest week on record. And the anomalous Arctic heat has not been short-lived. Through July 10, Juneau saw the high temperature reach at least 70°F for a record 17 consecutive days. In Anchorage, the highs have reached 80°F for a record six consecutive days, doubling the previous record. And three of those days broke or tied the previous all-time record! The average high temperature from June 27 through July 8 was nearly 81°F, 5.5°F higher than the previous 12-day record. There’s out of the ordinary, and then there is what has been happening in Alaska. What was going on in the atmosphere? A large dome of high pressure sat over the region for more than a week, keeping clouds away and allowing for muc warmer than average temperatures to persist. Over Anchorage, the average height of the 500mb pressure level in the atmosphere set a July record, and tied the July record in Fairbanks, according to Rick Thoman of Alaska Center for Climate Assessment and Policy. (Atmospheric pressure generally declines with altitude. A pressure level is the height above the surface at which the air pressure has fallen off to a given threshold, for example, 500 mb.) https://www.climate.gov/print/834345 2/4 8/8/2019 High temperatures smash all-time records in Alaska in early July 2019 A dome of high pressure squatted over Alaska July 4–8, 2019, keeping temperatures high and skies cloud-free.