GRADE- 4 SOCIAL STUDIES Chapter-15 EMPEROR AKBAR • Short question answer. 1. Akbar was the son of which Mughal emperor? Ans: Humayun 2. Whom did Akbar defeat at the battle of Haldighati? Ans: Maharana Pratap 3. Who was the famous singer at Akbar’s court? Ans: Mian Tansen. 4. Who wrote the Akbarnama? Ans: Abul fazl. 5. Name any one monument build by Akbar. Ans: Agra fort. 6. Who was the advisor of Akbar in court? Ans: Raja Birbal. 7. Between whom the second battle of Panipat was fought? Ans: It was fought between Mughals and Afghans. 8. What is Din-i-ilahi? Ans: A religious path. • Long question answer. 1. Write the names of the rulers whom Akbar defeated. Ans: Akbar defeated many rulers. Some of them are. Hemu – general in afghan force. Rani Durgavati – Gondwana’s queen. Maharana pratap – Mewad. Chand bibi – ruler of Ahmadnagar. 2. How did Akbar gain the support of the Rajputs? Ans: Akbar gained the support of the Rajputs in following way: Treated them with respect. Gave high posts to Rajput kings. Married to Rajput Princesses. 3. Akbar got two epics translated into Persian. Write their names. Ans: Ramayana and Mahabharata. 4. Write the names of five famous people in Akbar’s court? Ans: Mian Tansen, Abul Fazl, Raja Birbal, Raja Todar Mal, Raja Man singh. 5. What is Fatehpur sikri? Where was it built? Ans: Fatehpur Sikri was the new city built by Akbar. It was built near Agra. 6. Why did Akbar try to gain the Support of the Rajputs? Ans: Akbar tried to gain the support of the Rajputs because he wanted to make is empire strong and stable with their help. Chapter-16 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION • Short question Answer. 1. What did the Europeans need from Asia? Ans: Spices. 2. What did Christopher Columbus discover? Ans: The new world. 3. Where did Vasco-Da-Gama land in India? Ans: Calicut. 4. Who was the first to sail round the world? Ans: Feridanand Magellan. 5. What did the sailors use at sea to find directions? Ans: Compass. 6. In which year Vasco-Da-Gama started his voyage? Ans: 1497. • Long question answer. 1. What did the Europeans to find a sea route to the east? Ans: Trade with Asia was important for the Europeans as they needed cloth and spices. But the land trade route was Controlled by the Arabs who resisted the presence of the Europeans. So in order to keep trading the Europeans had to find a sea route to the east. 2. Why did Bartholomew Diaz decide to turn back from the cape of storms? Ans: Because sea was very rough he could not go farther. 3. Briefly describe Vasco-Da-Gama’s first voyage to India. Ans: Vasco-Da-Gama started for his first voyage to India in 1497 Lisbon at Portugal. He looks the same route as Bartholomew Diaz and reached the Cape of Good Hope. From there he sailed northwards and reached Calicut in India In 1498. 4. How were adjustable sails useful to the sailors? Ans: Adjustable sails were useful to the sailors because by adjusting the sails to the direction of the wind, they could more their ships faster. 5. What instruments did the sailors use at sea? Ans: The sailors used compass, quadrant and astrolabe at sea. 6. While at sea the sailor were surrounded by water. But they could not drink it. Why? Ans: Because the sea water is salt and thus unfit for drinking. Chapter-17 OUR RICH CULTURE • Short question answer. 1. Who is Sonal Mansingh? Ans: Classical Dancer. 2. Name two types of classical music in India? Ans: Hindustani and Carnatic. 3. How many languages are recognized in India constitution? Ans: 22 4. Give any two examples of harvest festivals? Ans: Baishakhi, Bihu. 5. Name any two examples of classical dancers. Ans: Pandit Birju Maharaj, Mallika Sarabhai. • Long question answer. 1. What is the difference in the way Hindi and Urdu are written? Ans: Hindi -> Written from left to right. Urdu -> Right to left. 2. What dresses do Indian women and man wear? Ans: Indian women wear sarees, salwar – kameez, jeans, shirt, skirts and gowns. Many Indian men wear jeans, trousers, shirts, kurta – payjama and kurta – dhoti. Some men also wear turbans of difference types. 3. List four occasions whom people perform falk dances. Ans: Marriages, the birth of a child, festivals, change of seasons, sowing and harvesting of crops. 4. Write the names of three monuments built by the British. Ans: The Rashtrapati Bhavan, the Parliament house the Victoria memorial. 5. What are cave paintings? What do the paintings at Ajanta caves show? Ans: The cave paintings are paintings on the walls of caves done by the early humans. The paintings inside the Ajanta caves show scene from the life of lord Buddha. 6. What are Handicrafts? Ans: handicrafts are the handmade decorative items. Terracotta horses of west Bengal, Cane and Bamboo crafts of Tripura, puppets of Rajashthan and Kanchipuram sarees of Tamil-Nadu. 7. Name different categories of festival with one example each. Ans: National Festivals – Independence day. Religious Festivals – Diwali. Harvest Festivals – Onam. Special Festival – Tulip Festival of Jammu & Kashmir. Chapter-18 OUR RIGHTS AND DUTIE • Short question answer. 1. Which country has the longest written constitution? Ans: India. 2. In which year India became a republic? Ans: 1950 3. Children in whom age group should be given free education? Ans: 6-14 years 4. What are directive principles? Ans: Guidelines. 5. What do you mean by law? Ans: Law means rules made by government. 6. Which day is celebrated in 26 th January? Ans: Republic day. 7. How many fundamental rights are there? Ans: six. 8. When did constitution came into effect? Ans: 26 th January 1950. • Long question. 1. What is a constitution? Ans: A constitution is a set of rules according to which the government governs the country. 2. What are Fundamentals rights list them. Ans: The fundamental rights are some basic rights which are given to query India citizen for their well being by the Indian constitution. A citizen can more court if these rights are denied. The six fundamental rights are as follow. Right to equality. Right to freedom. Right against exploitation. Right to freedom of religion. Cultured and educational right. Right to constitutional remedies. 3. Write any three fundamental duties mentioned in our constitution. Ans: We must abide by the constitution. We must show respect to the national flag and the national anthem. We must take care of the environment. We must take care of public property. We must pressure our culture heritage. Parents or guardians must sent their children to school. 4. What are directive principle write any two. Ans: The directive principles are guidelines listed by the constitution for governments to ensure the welfare of the people. People have proper living condition early child goes to school. Every person gets proper treatment when she/he is sick. Chapter-19 LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT IN CITIES • Short question answer. 1. What is local self-government? Ans: The government elected at the local level is called local self-government. 2. What is the other name of Municipal Corporation? Ans: Mahanagar Nigam is the other name of a municipal corporation. 3. From where did local bodies receive money? Ans: local bodies receive money from the state government. 4. Who is the head of Municipal Corporation? Ans: Mayor. 5. Who provides civic amenities in a village? Ans: The gram panchayat provides civic amenities in a village. 6. How does a local self-governing body collect money? Ans: Local self-governing bodies collect money through taxes. • Long question answer. 1. What is local self-government? Ans: The local self-government is the government elected by the people at the local levels such as villages and towns or cities. The local self-government in a town or a city is called municipal committee or Municipal Corporation. 2. What is the difference between a municipal committee and a municipal corporation? Ans: Municipal Committee Municipal Corporation a) The local government which 1. The local government which looks after a small city which look after a city with Is called municipal committee. Population of more then 10 lakh b) A municipal committee is also is called municipal corporation. Called a nagar palika or a nagar 2. A municipal corporation is nigam. Also called mahanagar palika. c) The head is chairperson or 3. The head is Mayor. President. 3. Who elects the members of the local bodies? Ans: Indian citizens who are 18 year of age and above and who live in that particular city elect the members of the local bodies. 4. Write five functions performed by local self-governing bodies. Ans: Keep the city clean. Build and repair roads. Install and repair street lights. Set up and maintain public toilet. Open and run dispensaries, healthcare centers and hospital. Provide free education to children from poor families. 5. Where do the local bodies get money from? Ans: Local bodies get money from two sources taxes and state governments. Some examples of the taxes are property tax, road tax and water tax. Chapter-7 OUR SOILS • Short question answer. 1. In which states is desert soil found? Ans: Rajashthan 2. Which oil is formed from lava rocks? Ans: Black soil. 3. Which soil is formed due to deposition of silt along river banks? Ans: Allavial Soil. 4. Name the soil rich in humus. Ans: Mountain soil. • Long question answer. 1. How is soil formed? Ans: when large rock break into smaller pieces. these pieces are further broken down into sand and silt.