Viidumäe Looduskaitseala Kaitsekorralduskava 2013-2022

Viidumäe Looduskaitseala Kaitsekorralduskava 2013-2022

Viidumäe looduskaitseala kaitsekorralduskava 2015–2024 Keskkonnaamet 2015 SISUKORD 1 SISSEJUHATUS ...................................................................................................................... 6 1.1 Ala iseloomustus ............................................................................................................. 6 1.2 Maakasutus ..................................................................................................................... 7 1.3 Huvigrupid .................................................................................................................... 10 1.4 Kaitsekord ..................................................................................................................... 10 1.5 Uuritus........................................................................................................................... 14 1.5.1 Läbiviidud inventuurid ja uuringud ..................................................................... 14 1.5.2 Riiklik seire .......................................................................................................... 16 1.5.3 Inventuuride ja uuringute vajadus ....................................................................... 19 2 VÄÄRTUSED JA KAITSE-EESMÄRGID ................................................................................. 21 2.1 Elustik ........................................................................................................................... 21 2.1.1 Imetajad ............................................................................................................... 21 2.1.2 Linnud .................................................................................................................. 21 2.1.2.1 Merikotkas (Haliaeetus albicilla) ........................................................................................ 23 2.1.2.2 Must-toonekurg (Ciconia nigra) .......................................................................................... 23 2.1.2.3 Kanakull (Accipiter gentilis) ................................................................................................ 24 2.1.2.4 Karvasjalg-kakk (Aegolius funereus) ................................................................................... 25 2.1.3 Kahepaiksed ......................................................................................................... 25 2.1.4 Roomajad ............................................................................................................. 26 2.1.5 Selgrootud ............................................................................................................ 27 2.1.5.1 Suur-mosaiikliblikas (Euphydryas maturna) ....................................................................... 27 2.1.5.2 Teelehe-mosaiikliblikas (Euphydryas aurinia) .................................................................... 28 2.1.5.3 Kirjukaan e. apteegikaan (Hirudo medicinalis) .................................................................... 28 2.1.6 Seened .................................................................................................................. 29 2.1.6.1 Kuldpiimane riisikas (Lactarius chrysorrheus) .................................................................... 30 2.1.7 Samblikud ............................................................................................................. 30 2.1.8 Taimed.................................................................................................................. 31 2.1.8.1 Niitude, soostunud niitude ja paljandite kasvukohtade taimed ............................................ 33 2.1.8.2 Soo kasvukohtade taimed ..................................................................................................... 34 2.1.8.3 Valgusrikkamate metsaga seotud kasvukohtade taimed ....................................................... 38 2.1.8.4 Metsa kasvukohtade taimed ................................................................................................. 42 2.1.9 Sammaltaimed ...................................................................................................... 45 2.2 Kooslused ...................................................................................................................... 47 2.2.1 Niidud (Viidumäe loodusala) ............................................................................... 47 2.2.1.1 Liigirikkad niidud lubjavaesel mullal (6270*) ..................................................................... 48 2.2.1.2 Sinihelmikakooslused (6410) ............................................................................................... 49 2.2.1.3 Puisniidud (6530*) ............................................................................................................... 50 2.2.2 Nõmmed, liivikud ja kadastikud (5130; Viidumäe loodusala) ............................. 51 2 2.2.3 Metsad (Viidumäe loodusala) .............................................................................. 52 2.2.3.1 Vanad loodusmetsad (9010*) ............................................................................................... 53 2.2.3.2 Vanad laialehised metsad (9020*) ....................................................................................... 54 2.2.3.3 Rohunditerikkad kuusikud (9050) ........................................................................................ 55 2.2.3.4 Okasmetsad oosidel ja moreenikuhjatistel (9060) ................................................................ 56 2.2.3.5 Soostuvad ja soo-lehtmetsad (9080*) ................................................................................... 57 2.2.3.6 Siirdesoo- ja rabametsad (91D0*) ........................................................................................ 58 2.2.4 Sood ja allikad (Viidumäe loodusala).................................................................. 59 2.2.4.1 Siirde ja õõtsiksood (7140)................................................................................................... 60 2.2.4.2 Allikad ja allikasood (7160) ................................................................................................. 60 2.2.4.3 Lubjarikkad madalsood lääne-mõõkrohuga (7210*) ............................................................ 61 2.2.4.4 Liigirikkad madalsood (7230) .............................................................................................. 62 2.2.4.5 Nõrglubja-allikad (7220) ...................................................................................................... 63 2.2.5 Metsad (Vedruka raba loodusala) ....................................................................... 63 2.2.6 Sood (Vedruka raba loodusala) ........................................................................... 64 2.2.6.1 Rabad (7110*) ...................................................................................................................... 64 2.2.6.2 Nokkheinakooslused (7150) ................................................................................................. 65 2.3 Maastik, pargid ja üksikobjektid ................................................................................... 66 2.3.1 Pinnavormid ......................................................................................................... 66 2.3.2 Pärandkultuurmaastik.......................................................................................... 66 2.3.3 Kaitsealused üksikobjektid ................................................................................... 66 2.3.4 Tallinna Botaanikaaia arboreetum ja katsepunkt................................................ 66 3 ALA JA SELLE VÄÄRTUSTE TUTVUSTAMINE NING KÜLASTUSKORRALDUS ....................... 67 3.1 Visioon ja missioon....................................................................................................... 67 3.2 Kaitseala looduskeskus ja Audaku väliõppeklass/puhkekoht ....................................... 67 3.3 Õppe- ja matkarajad ...................................................................................................... 68 3.3.1 Viidumäe õpperada .............................................................................................. 68 3.3.2 Audaku matkarada ............................................................................................... 69 3.3.3 Allikasoo õpperada .............................................................................................. 70 3.4 Rauna vaatetorn ja puhkekoht ....................................................................................... 70 3.5 Viidad ja tähised ........................................................................................................... 71 3.6 Infostendid .................................................................................................................... 71 3.7 Infomaterjalid ja trükised .............................................................................................. 72 4 KAVANDATAVAD KAITSEKORRALDUSLIKUD TEGEVUSED JA EELARVE ........................... 73 4.1 Tegevuste kirjeldus ....................................................................................................... 73 4.1.1 Riiklik seire .......................................................................................................... 73 4.1.2 Kompleksprofiili kordusuuring ............................................................................ 73 4.1.3 Kaitsealuste liikide levikuandmete

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