"S ' ^*^"B ILLINOIS '' / ^3« NATURAL \^ ' HISTORY UBSAfiX SJJRVEY A Nomenclator of Leptosphaeria V. Cesati & G. de Notaris (Mycota-Ascomycotina-Loculoascomycetes) J.L. Crane and C.A. Shearer Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Volume 34, Article 3 March 1991 ILLINOIS NATURAL HISTORY SURVEY A Nomenclator of Leptosphaeria V. Cesati & G. de Notaris (Mycota-Ascomycotina-Loculoascomycetes) J.L. Crane Center for Biodiversity Illinois Natural History Survey C.A. Shearer Department of Plant Biology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Volume 34. Article 3 March 1991 Illinois Natural History Survey. Lorin I. Nevling, Chief A Division of the Illinois Department of Energy and Natural Resources A catalog of the publications of the Illinois Natural History Survey is available without charge from the address below. A price list and an order blank are included with the catalog. Illinois Natural History Survey Distribution Center Natural Resources Building 607 East Peabody Drive Champaign. Illinois 61820 Citation: Crane, J.L.. and Shearer. C.A. 1991. A Nomenclator of Leptosphaeria V. Cesati & G. de Notaris (Mycota-Ascomycotina-Loculoascomycetes). Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin 34(3): 195-355. Editor: John P. Ballenot Designer: Gail Glende Rost US ISSN 0073-4918 Printed by Authority of the State of Illinois (X11281-MD-3-91) 1 Contents Acknowledgments iv Introduction and Historical Bacicground 195 List of Leptospluwria Species, Varieties, and Forms 198 Host Index 291 Host Family Index 308 Substrate Index 318 Geographic Index 328 Appendix I. Tdxonomic Division of Lepto.sphaeria 339 Appendix 2. Genera Historically Allied to Lcptosphaeiia 341 Appendix 3. Synonyms of Leptosphaeria 347 Appendix 4. Anamorphs of Leptospluieiia 348 Literature Cited 35 Acknowledgments We express sincere appreciation to our col- rare mycological books, journals, and exsiccati leagues at the Illinois Natural History Survey labels. We are most grateful to Drs. Lekh Batra and the University of Illinois at Urbana- and David Farr at the National Fungus Collec- Champaign who assisted us in the completion tions in Beltsville. Maryland, and to Drs. of this nomenclator. Caria G. Heister and Donald Pfister and Jean Boise at the Farlow Monica A. Lusk located many references in the Herbarium and Library of Harvard University University of Illinois library system from in Cambridge, Massachusetts, for their kind cryptic citations. Martha Landis is noted for hospitality during our visits, and for making her ability to locate references that cannot be available to us their rich mycological libraries found by others. Helen F. Sullivan and Susan and collections. Burke assisted us with many of the Slavic Several individuals helped us in a variety references. Dr. Ken Robertson assisted with the of ways, and without their willingness to con- verification of host nomenclature. tribute time and expertise this project would not Mycological literature is so diverse that have been completed. Betty A. Nelson typed no one library can encompass it all. Therefore, the original manuscript and its several revisions we are especially indebted to Dr. S. Udagawa and checked for inconsistencies in author and at the National Institute of Hygienic Sciences in journal citations. She and Patty L. Duzan spent Tokyo, Japan, who so kindly supplied copies of many hours on computer-related problems in the Japanese papers. Dr. Robbin C. Moran at sorting this nomenclator. We also thank Sabine the Missouri Botanical Garden in St. Louis M. Huhndorf. who supplied several names of provided articles from journals not available in Leptosphacria species. the University of Illinois library system. Drs. We gratefully acknowledge Dr. Richard E. Miiller of Switzerland, F.A. Stafleu of the T. Hanlin of the University of Georgia. .Athens, Netherlands, J. Rammeloo of Belgium, P. for critically reviewing the manuscript and Fanton of the University of Padua, Italy, Clark John P. Ballenot for editing the manuscript. T. Rogerson and G.J. Samuels of the New York Support for this study was provided by the Botanical Garden, Bronx, and Richard P. Korf National Science Foundation. Systematic of Cornell University, Ithaca. New York, Biology Program, grant NSF-BSR-87-0006.^. supplied copies of species descriptions from ) Introduction and Historical Background This nomenclator ot Lepiosphaeria is an index and the Index of Fungi ( 1920-1987). For to names published in the genus through 1989 convenience, Leptosphaeria species reported and includes the source of publication, nomen- from Algae, Fungi, Lichenes, and Musci are clatural history, substrate and/or host, and listed under these headings and their respective geographical location for each species name. hosts in the host index. When available, Orthographic errors of specific epithets were specific substrate information, such as leaf, corrected, with the original spelling given in stem, water, etc., is given. brackets. Full names and initials of authorities The geographical location of species is are given. Standardized, complete names of usually described by country and is based on periodicals are cited following the system of information in the protologue and new combi- Brown and Stratton ( 1963). Porter and Koster nations. Geographical names were verified in ( 1 970), Koster and Gascoigne ( 1 97 1). and Seltzer (1952"). Smits ( 1968). The titles of books and pam- Cesati and de Notaris ( 1863) established phlets are cited according to Stafleu and Cowan the genus Leptosphaeria and included 26 ( 1976-1988). Obligate synonomy is indicated species; among these was Leptosphaeria hirta by the symbol =. Articles of the International (G.L. Rabenhorst) V. Cesati & G. de Notaris, Code of Botanical Nomenclature cited in this the type species of an earlier genus, Nodii- work follow Greuter et al. ( 1988). Several /cM/j/^aer/a G.L. Rabenhorst, 1858. Lepto- authors have described new species in Lepio- sphaeria was conserved against Nodii- sphaeha as trinomials in which the subgenus or losphaeria with Leptosphaeria doliolum (C.H. group to which the new species belongs is Persoon:E.M. Fries) V. Cesati & G. de Notaris indicated as a middle name in parentheses; an as the type species (Greuter et al. 1988). The example is Leptosphaeria (Clypeosphaeria) original description oi Leptosphaeria was hendersonlae. Such trinomials are alphabet- superficial by modem taxonomic standards, ized by specific epithet; however, the group and the genus was delimited largely by asco- name precedes the epithet. spore characteristics. The ascospore character- The scientific names of host plants are istics selected (oblong or fusoid, two- to many- given as reported in the protologue of each celled, hyaline, becoming yellowish or dark Leptosphaeria species, with the currently brown) and the poor characterization of other accepted name in parentheses. Several host structural features resulted in the inclusion of a epithets reported in the original descriptions wide range of Ascomycetes in this genus. were never published or could not be verified. Leptosphaeria now comprises approximately These are changed to "sp." Plant host families 1,689 taxa. These taxa represent, according to and genera were verified in Willis (197.3). Farr present-day concepts of ascomycete classifica- et al. (1979). and Cronquist ( 1981 ). Specific tion, a melange of Euascomycetes and Locu- epithets of vascular plants were confirmed in loascomycetes. Halliday and Beadle ( 1983), Kartesz and Few mycologists have attempted to deal Kartesz (1980), the Gray Herbarium Card with the systematics oi Leptosphaeria. Sac- Index (1894-present). and Index Kewensis cardo (1878. 1883, 1891, 1895. 1899, 1913, ( 1 89.'J-present). Names of pteridophytes were 1928) recognized 800 species, which he substantiated in Christensen (1905-1906), and grouped primarily according to host (parasites names of mosses, in Wijk et al. (19.59-1960). of dicotyledons, monocotyledons, and crypto- Lichenized fungi names follow Zahlbruckner gams) and habit (species on stems and/or (1921-1 940) and Lamb ( 1 963 ). and fungal host branches and leaves). Species were further names were verified in Saccardo (1882-193 subdivided, 1 based on the external features of 196 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 34 An. 3 the pseudothecium (glabrous, hairy, setose) and longer, narrower, and more septate. Tliese ascospore septation. Saccardo's concept of trends lead directly, without a break, to Leptnsphaeria was broad, and his emended Ophiohohis H. Riess. description specified the presence of pseu- Miiller ( 1950), circumscribing Lepto- doparaphyses (as paraphyses). sphaeria broadly, considered 1 14 sp>ecies oc- Hohnel ( 1907a) was the first to use curring in Switzerland. Within his broad information on centrum structure for the generic concept, Muller divided Leptosphaeria classification o\' Leptdsphacria-Uke fungi. He into four sections (Appendix I ). These sections established the family Pseudosphaeriaceae for were circumscribed based on pseudothecial and species in which the asci grow up into a cellular centrum structure and ascospore morphology. tissue that occupies the inner space of the Three of his sections correspond, in part, to the fruiting body. As the asci develop, the cellular three groups of Hohnel (Appendix 1 ). tissue becomes compressed and at fruiting- Munk ( 1957) accepted Miiller"s sections body maturity simulates paraphyses similar to with certain reservations and divided Lepto- those found in the Sordariales