CONTRIBUTORS JAMES E. ALT is Frank G. Thomson Professor of Government and director of the Center of Basic Research in the Social Sciences at Harvard University. MARGARET LEVI is professor of political science and Harry Bridges Chair in Labor Studies, University of Washington, Seattle. She is also director of the University of Washington Center for Labor Studies. ELINOR OSTROM is codirector of the Workshop in Political Theory and Policy Analysis and the Center for the Study of Institutions, Population, and Environ- mental Change at Indiana University, Bloomington. She is also Arthur F. Bentley Professor of Political Science. KENNETH J. ARROW is Joan Kenney Professor of Economics Emeritus and profes- sor of Operations Research Emeritus at Stanford University. He is also director of the Stanford Center on Conflict and Negotiation. GARY S. BECKER is professor of economics and sociology at the University of Chicago. JAMES M. BUCHANAN is advisory general director of the Center for Study of Public Choice at George Mason University. NORMAN FROHLICH is professor of business administration at the University of Manitoba and senior researcher at the Manitoba Centre for Health Policy and Evaluation. BARBARA GEDDES is associate professor of political science at the University of California at Los Angeles. ROBERT E. GOODIN is professor of philosophy in the Research School of Social Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia. RUSSELL HARDIN is professor of politics at New York University. BRYAN D. JONES is professor of political science at the University of Washington, Seattle. ROBERT O. KEOHANE is James B. Duke Professor of Political Science at Duke University. xi xii Contributors DAVID D. LAITIN is William R. Kenan Jr. Professor of Political Science and direc- tor of the Center for the Study of Politics, History of Culture (Wilder House) at the University of Chicago. DOUGLASS C. NORTH is Spencer T. Olin Professor in Arts and Sciences at Wash- ington University. JOE A. OPPENHEIMER is professor of political science and director of the Public Choice Center at the University of Maryland at College Park. VINCENT OSTROM is codirector of the Workshop in Political Theory and Policy Analysis and Arthur F. Bentley Professor Emeritus of Political Science at Indi- ana University, Bloomington. RONALD ROGOWSKI is professor and chair of political science at the University of California at Los Angeles. NORMAN SCHOFIELD is William Taussig Professor and director of the Center in Political Economy at Washington University. THOMAS SCHWARTZ is professor of political science at the University of California at Los Angeles. REINHARD SELTEN is professor emeritus of economics at the University of Bonn, Germany. KENNETH A. SHEPSLE is George Dickson Markham Professor of Government at Harvard University. HERBERT A. SIMON is Richard King Mellon University Professor of Computer Science and Psychology at Carnegie Mellon University..