Football Stadium as Pride of Place Naomi Ando, Hosei University Japan Europe membership comprises 211 national associations Global Exchange of Football Players 50% (2016) History of Professional Football Leagues NPB Nippon Professional Baseball since 1936 http://npb.jp/ http:// www.jleague.jp/ J League since 1993 Attendance (yearly) of NPB (Baseball) and J League (Football) persons year (ref: NPB and J League) Attendance of NPB (Baseball) and J League (Football) per Game persons year (ref: NPB and J League) Comparison of Attendance The average attendance of J League matches is 17,968 (ref: NPB and affiliated organizations in each country) Population and GDP Change of Japan X1000 Billion JPY x1000 NPB (Baseball) J League (Football) year (ref: Statistics Bureau and Cabinet Office) Population Distribution of Japan Tokyo Nagoya Osaka Osaka Tokyo Nagoya (ref: Statistics Bureau) Distribution of NPB (Baseball) 12 Teams After 1989, three teams were moved from Tokyo/Osaka (ref: NPB) Distribution of J1 teams J League J1: Top 18 teams J2: 22 teams J3: 13 teams Total 53 teams in 38/47 prefs. (ref: J League) Super League (Greece) 2015-2016 Winning Percentage of Home Games 60.8% Calculation of Winning Percentage of Home Games as measurement of Pride of Place Serie A (Italy) 2015-2016 Winning Percentage of Home Games 61.4% Bundesliga (Germany) 2015-2016 Winning Percentage of Home Games 57.4% Premier League (England) 2015-2016 Winning Percentage of Home Games 57.5% Liga Española (Spain) 2015-2016 Winning Percentage of Home Games 63.5% J League (Japan) 1993-2016 2015: 51.1% 2016: 49.6% (ref: J League) J League (Japan) and Serie A (Italy) 2010-2016 (ref: J League and Serie A) Yokohama Nissan Stadium (1998) Capacity: 72,327 Average: 26,971 Tokyo Ajinomoto Stadium (2001) Capacity: 49,970 Average: 24,037 Kashima Stadium (1993, 2001) Capacity: 40,301 Average: 19,103 Saitama Stadium (2001) Capacity: 63,700 Average: 36,935 Two Types of Stadiums 1999 2016 ● Exclusive for Football △ Stadium with Athletic Track and Field 31.3% → 60.0% Stadiums of Serie A (Italy) 2017 ● Exclusive for Football △ Stadium with Athletic Track and Field Percentage of Exclusive Stadiums: 52.9% Average and Highest attendance 2015-16 Highest Average J League attendance average to maximum capacity: 30.9 - 96.3 % (ref: affiliated organizations in each country) Comparison of Attendances of J League and Serie A (relative percentage to average attendance) (ref: J League and Serie A) J League (Japan) 2016 Serie A (Italy) 2015-2016 TOKYO Tokyo Dome Tokyo Metropolitan City Hall FC Tokyo Ajinomoto Stadium TOKYO Railway Station Amusement Park Hotel Tokyo Dome (Baseball) Park Spa Tokyo Dome Park Amusement Park Hotel Railway Station 1600m TOKYO Airport Sports Ground Ajinomoto Stadium (Football) Railway Station TOKYO Baseball Ground TOKYO Park Airport FC Tokyo Ajinomoto Stadium Railway Station 1600m NAGOYA Nagoya Dome (Baseball) Shopping Center Railway Station NAGOYA Monorail Station Nagoya Dome Shopping Center 1600m NAGOYA Nagoya Dome Nagoya City Hall Nagoya Grand Pass 8 Toyota Stadium NAGOYA Toyota Stadium (Football) NAGOYA NAGOYA Nagoya Grampus 8 Toyota Stadium Park 1600m YOKOHAMA Yokohama Stadium (Baseball) Yokohama City Hall China Town Subway Station YOKOHAMA Yokohama Stadium City Hall Railway and Subway Station China Town 1600m YOKOHAMA Nissan Stadium Yokohama City Hall Yokohama Stadium YOKOHAMA Hospital Sports Center Railway Station Nissan Stadium (Football) YOKOHAMA Park Yokohama F. Marinos Nissan Stadium Hospital Railway Station Sports Center 1600m YOKOHAMA Hospital Sports Cultural Center Football Ground OSAKA Osaka Dome (Baseball) Hospital Shopping Center Subway Station OSAKA Osaka Dome Railway Station Shopping Center 1600m OSAKA Gamba OSAKA Suita Stadium Osaka City Hall Osaka Dome OSAKA Expo Park Railway Station Suita Stadium (Football) Shopping Center OSAKA Stadium Shopping Center OSAKA Monorail Station Shopping Center Gamba OSAKA Suita Stadium 1600m Conclusion • Football is such a great global culture based on “Pride of Place” as local identities. • From a view point of urban planning, Japanese football environment is not matured. • From the map data, poor urbanization of the surrounding has been confirmed. • However, large amounts of empty space in the surroundings have possibilities for future development. Thank you for your attention .