PEACE Psychology Newsletter of the Society for the Study of Peace, Conflict, and Violence: Peace Psychology Division of the American Psychological Association Volume 19, Number 1, ASSN 1935 – 4894 • SPRING/SUMMER 2010 2010 APA CONVENTION August 11 – 14 ��� �iegoSolutions to Intergroup Conflict: Constructing Sustainable Webs of Peace Builders I NQUIRESpring/Summer 2010 LEARN R EF PEACEL EPsychologyC T 1 Contents From the Editor From the Editor ............................................2 The Pillars of Peace Psychology ................. 4 Moving Forward ...........................................5 hen did you become a peace New Interim Internet Editor .......................6 psychologist? I don’t mean when you were Recruiting New Members for Division ........6 bestowed with the academic degree which or- dained you a member of this movement. But Join Efforts to Regain Second Division 48 rather, when did you first become aware that APA Council Seat .......................................7 Michael R. you� had passion for peace-whether it is peace Early Career Award Recipient (2009): Hulsizer, education, application, practice, etc. Send me Editor Elizabeth Levy Paluck ..................................8 your personal peace history. If I get enough Peace Psychology Early Career Award.........9 response, I will put them in a special supple- ment in Fall 2010. Nuclear Power: Psychological Perspective ... 10 that individuals who witnessed the shooting perceived the event as unjustified regardless of Peace Psychology in Action: For me, the recent 40th anniversary of the political ideology. Biased assimilation works Burundi to Bogota: Working with Peace Kent State student shootings on May 4, 1970 best when the event is ambiguous. Seeing Groups to Overcome the Effects of brought to mind when I began to identify students gunned down was not ambiguous for Trauma ....................................................12 myself as a peace psychologist. Many of you those students within 500 feet of the event. Change Agents: Bringing Oral Histories of are probably familiar with the tragic events Peace Activists to a College Campus ....14 which unfolded in Kent, Ohio on May 4th. Interestingly, more than 25 and 30 years Educators Corner: Days earlier, when it was announced that U.S. later, when I conducted my research, the troops had invaded Cambodia, protests and same effect held true. Conservative students Peace Education on the Web and in the demonstrations occurred on many campuses still perceive the shootings as justified rela- U.S. Congress .........................................16 including Kent State University. However, at tive to more liberal students. The message I Youth Efforts for Peace at the United Kent State (as well as Jackson State), tension drew from these findings was simple—it mat- Nations DPI NGO Conference on between demonstrators protesting the escala- ters who is writing history. Bias, conscious or Disarmament ..........................................17 tion and National Guardsmen who had been unconscious, can enter in to how we report Div. 48 Pull-out Program Schedule ...........19 summoned to prevent community and cam- events. It is difficult to report the news in a Hollywood Scriptures and the Moral pus property damage escalated to tragedy. On fair and balanced fashion (particularly if you Equivalent of War ......................................23 May 4th, 1970 the National Guard opened use that phrase as your network tagline). Social Responsibility Guide for APA fire on the demonstrators at Kent State, injur- Time often softens the harsh realities of mass Convention ................................................24 ing nine and killing four. violence. Students today need to be reminded Student and Early Career Research: that war is not glorious. As peace psycholo- I attended Kent State University well after gists, we need to be vigilant about the manner Study Abroad: Creating Peace One Person the shootings occurred. I was aware of what at a Time .................................................25 by which history is written. Recent reports had happened but was not really aware. My out of Texas, where the school board has pro- Research Briefs ...........................................27 mentor at Kent State was Stuart Taylor. He posed changing history books to better reflect Abdul Ghaffar Khan: Advocate of Nonvio- was an aggression researcher who had de- contemporary conservative views of historical lence Among the Muslim Pashtuns ............30 veloped the Taylor Reaction-Time Paradigm events, is chilling. Member News ............................................31 —versions of which are still used to experi- mentally examine aggressive responding. Stu However, time can also further our under- Reports .......................................................32 was a young faculty member at Kent State standing of events. The events surrounding Announcements ........................................36 at the time. Immediately after the shooting, the shootings at Kent State have become Division Directory .....................................38 he sent out a questionnaire to all Kent stu- clearer with time. The City of Kent and the New Members ............................................39 dents asking about the events that unfolded University have embraced their past. Indeed, that fateful day and their opinions as to who the University now houses The Institute should be held accountable. Over 7,000 stu- for the Study and Prevention of Violence This edition of Peace Psychology dents responded to his survey and he reported (ISPV). The site where the shootings oc- was produced by: the results in a book (Taylor, Shuntich, Mc- curred was just added to the National Register Michael R Hulsizer, Editor Govern, & Genther, 1971). of Historic Places on February 23, 2010. The [email protected] National Park Service stated the site “is con- As a student at Kent State, I attended several Judy Stainbrook, Design Director & sidered nationally significant given its broad Associate Editor; [email protected] memorial services, became knowledgeable effects in causing the largest student strike about the tragedy, and conducted research in the United States history, affecting public Author contributions are acknowledged in the on current student perceptions of the event opinion about the Vietnam War, creating a bylines. The opinions of individual authors do (Hulsizer, Munro, Fagerlin, & Taylor, 2004). not necessarily represent those of Division 48. legal precedent established by the trials sub- The original 1971 study found that students sequent to the shootings, and for the symbolic Published by Division 48 of the on campus during the event perceived the status the event has attained as a result of a American Psychological Association. shootings through the lens of political ide- government confronting protesting citizens Printed by: ology. Conservative students tend to see the with unreasonable deadly force” (National Acme Printers–Lithographers shootings as more justified than did more lib- Park Service, 2010). The inscription on the 36 W Lockwood Ave., eral students. However, Stuart Taylor did find May 4th Memorial at Kent State University Webster Groves, MO 63119 2 PEACE Psychology Spring/Summer 2010 From the Editor, continued from page 2 states “Inquire, Learn, Reflect.” It is a phrase I Kent State Memorial (right) to honor take to heart as a peace psychologist. the four students killed at the May 4, 1970 shootings (Allison Krause, I would like to thank everyone who contrib- Jeffrey Miller, Sandra Scheuer, uted to the newsletter. We have a full slate of and William Schroeder). organizational reports, papers, essays, and re- search reports. I have begun organizing some articles using headings derived from the pil- lars of peace psychology cited by Division 48 President Joseph H. de Rivera. Please take this newsletter to the 2010 APA Conference in San Diego. We have a great lineup of confer- ence events organized by Steven Nisenbaum and Julie Levitt. The newsletter is designed so that you can remove the program schedule if you wish. Please continue to submit your thoughts, an- nouncements, short research reports, and es- says for the next edition to the address below by September 15, 2010. In Peace, Michael R. Hulsizer, Editor Dept. of Behavioral and Social Sciences Webster University 470 E. Lockwood Ave. St. Louis, MO 63119 [email protected] The Kent State Shootings Site was added to the References National Register of Historic Places on February Hulsizer, M. R., Munro, G. D., Fagerlin, A., & 23, 2010 (above). Victory Bell (below) on the Kent State Com- Taylor, S. (2004). Molding the past: Biased as- mons. Students gathered here on May 4, 1970 similation of historical information. Journal of just prior to the shootings. Case of the bell bears a Applied Social Psychology, 34, 1048-1074. chalk inscription, “History Informs.” National Park Service (2010, March 5). Weekly Highlight: Kent State Shootings Site, Portage County, OH. Retrieved on May 4, 2010 from http://www.nps.gov/history/nr/feature/weekly_ features/10_03_05_KentStateShootingSite.htm Taylor, S. P., Shuntich, R., McGovern, P., & Gen- ther, R. (1971). Violence at Kent State May 1 to 4, 1970: The students’ perspective. New York: College Notes & Texts Inc., St. Louis, MO 63119 Spring/Summer 2010 PEACE Psychology 3 THE PILLARS PEACE Joseph H. de Rivera PSYCHOLOGY Clark University Division 48 President or over a year now we have realized that so we are not able