Radio Times (Incorporating World-Radio ) April 16, 1964. Vol. 163: No. 2110. APRIL 18— 24 BBC Radio Times SIXPENCE LONDON AND SOUTH-EASTS ound 4 RADIO TIMES April 16, 1961 BBC-2 OPENS On Monday evening the first programme of the BBC's new television service will be broadcast from the Crystal Palace transmitter serving the London area and parts of south-east England. From then on the existing television service w ill be known as BBC-1 . Full details of BBC-1 and BBC-2 will be printed day by day and side by side in the London edition of Radio Times Other editions will follow this pattern as BBC-2 spreads to other areas BBC-2 is not intended as a menace to BBC Radio. A special A Stretch Towards Happiness correspondent of The Times recently wrote there were ‘ hatchet- men ’ of BBC-2 out for Radio’s blood. This is a highly romantic by KENNETH ADAM conception. BBC-2 is to be staffed, perhaps, by the Midwycb Cuckoos, a cold, blonde race of intellectuals, owning no allegiance BBC Director of Television except to each other, ruthlessly drowning their elder sister en route to Parnassus. Alas for this idea, by SF out of Ouida, echoed L et us consider what BBC-2 will not be. It makes a change, and also in the magazine Town, with its talk of the ‘ young masters it is a chance to correct some wrong ideas which have been put and cohorts of Channel Two’! It has no basis in reality. No about, wilfully, or guilelessly, or exasperatedly because we hung knuckle-dusters. No long knives. on to the plans until the last moment. Competition has taught us BBC-2 is not staffed by an elite. Apart from Michael Peacock a thing or two. and a handful of announcers, it is not separately staffed at all BBC-2 isnot an invitation to watch more, to become a television We reorganised the Television Service a year ago, setting up new addict. A new channel, some religious and social leaders have and smaller departments which could take in the recruits needed said, means more ‘ vegetating ’ in front of the set. We shall to keep two channels going, give them proper leadership, and a become even more of a passive, peering people. focus for loyalty. Most of the reinforcements are young; some This is not the moment to argue the effects of television; are very young; most have taken naturally and eagerly to in spite of many confident claims nobody knows what they are television; some have already been floor-managing, filming, — anyway, not yet. But it is the moment to state quite firmly editing, directing for BBC-1, without the viewer’s being any the that BBC-2 seeks to give people more of what they really wiser (or sadder). Some specialisation will emerge, naturally like, and some of what, so far, they have not had from tele­ and properly, but not by age or class. Too much would be fatal. vision, at times more convenient to them, without necessarily BBC-2 will not be ‘ the same as BBC-1, only longer,’ as other increasing the total volume of viewing at all. false prophets have foretold. Of course, every programme BBC-2 is not seeking, in un­ cannot be entirely fresh-minted holy partnership with BBC-1, to Nor would it be right if it was, seduce viewers away from ITV. because we should be denying There is no master plan designed our past. Some of BBC-2 there­ to destroy the competitor. Even fore will develop, logically and he, I think, at last believes this. obviously, from past and present In any case, as I said to him performance. Much of it, I am (several of him), surely you sure, will seem surprisingly new must have more faith in your If it calls upon the viewer product and your popularity occasionally to stretch himself a than to believe such a thing little further, it is because we could happen, whatever we did. think he is ready for the However, we pledge no sinister exercise. If we fail to be plotting between Michael Pea­ adventurous enough, we shall cock, chief of BBC-2, and Donald be glad to hear of it. Baverstock, chief of BBC-1, Summing up then, BBC-2 is against the Thirteen of ITV. not a new piece of push-button machinery in the parlour, not BBC-2 is not seeking, either, another thought-saving device, to undermine or in any way not a product of the ‘Guardians’ diminish the importance of or the ‘ samurai ’ of broadcast­ BBC-1, as critics outside London ing, but an effort, honest and have suggested. We begin as hard-thought, by a large number we mean to go on, now in the of resourceful professionals, South-East and when BBC-2 has programme people, and engin spread countrywide, by provid­ eers, working in partnership, ing between the two channels at driven by a common excitement, any one time programmes which to push back the horizon a little are either sensible alternatives We ask for recognition of what to each other or entirely we are seeking to do, and for different in kind. The new forbearance when we fall short channel will have no monopoly of our intention. ‘ Happiness,’ of new ideas or talent. BBC-l’s said Aldous Huxley, ‘ is a hard autumn plans, already well master, particularly other advanced, will provide formid­ people’s happiness.’ That master able proof of this when Donald we in television are ourselves Baverstock announces them. Kenneth Adam (right) with Michael Peacock, Chief of BBC-2 happy to serve. RADIO TIMES April 16, 1964 5 APPROXIMATE SERVICE AREA OF THE CRYSTAL PALACE UHF TRANSMITTER April1964 Channel 33 Vision frequency 567-25 mc/s Sound frequency 573-25 mc/s The first four "fill-in"stations to serve shadow areas are expected to be in service by summer o f next ye a r o io Miles 20 30 to be sited and installed with considerable care. This type of aerial is one with more elements or rods, some being a specially-designed RECEIVING BBC-2 combination amounting to two or more aerials side by side or one above the other; such aerials will also improve reception in areas where The service starting on Monday will be the first in the United Kingdom the signal is weak. to be transmitted on the 625-line standard, which is already in use in most European countries. Eventually it is expected that all television Viewers having doubts about their chimney stacks should note that programmes here will be on 625 lines but it will obviously be some UHF aerials are lighter and more compact than their VHF counterparts. years before the existing services can be changed over to the new An aerial amplifier can also improve reception when the signal is standard. weak, but to be of any real use it must have a ‘ clean ’ signal fed into Most people will now be aware that BBC-2 will be transmitted in it. The amplifier should preferably be connected close to the aerial the UHF bands whereas the present television services are transmitted because in this way the amplified signal helps to overcome any in the VHF band. These new wavelengths bands provide space for four interference picked up by the aerial feeder cable. Aerial amplifiers programmes altogether— BBC-2, the two existing services (BBC-1 and will not help to overcome ‘ ghosting ’ or interference picked up by the ITV) when eventually they are transferred to the 625-line standard, aerial itself. and a further additional service. BBC-2 will initially be available only in the Greater London area This means that over the next few years television receivers will and parts of south-east England from the Crystal Palace station, but have to be made to deal with two different standards of transmission, many additional stations will be opened throughout the country in the 405 lines on VHF and 625 lines on UHF. These dual-standard receivers shortest possible time, and the first seventeen are already planned. By are now being sold everywhere. the winter of 1966/7 it is expected that BBC-2 will be available to about For reception of BBC-2 a new, UHF, aerial is needed. Investigations two-thirds of the population, some 35-million people. made during the past few months of test transmissions have shown Large shadow areas occurring in hilly districts will be served by how essential it is to install a suitable UHF aerial if the full benefits ‘ fill-in ’ stations which it is hoped to bring into service about one year of the new system of transmission are to be realised. This will become after the main station for the area. The first four of these in the even more important in the future when many more UHF stations Crystal Palace service-area will be near Guildford, Reigate, Tunbridge come into operation. Wells, and Hertford. People living in these areas who cannot receive UHF transmissions behave very much like light waves. Hills and Crystal Palace satisfactorily without erecting a large and costly aerial other large obstructions in their path produce shadow areas in which may prefer to wait until the local ‘ fill-in ’ station is working. A reception may be weak and may also reflect the signals and cause comparatively simple aerial will then suffice and, it should be noted, multiple images or ‘ ghosts ’ on the screen. Multiple images can this will need to be designed for a group of channels different from usually .be overcome by using a highly-directional aerial, which needs the group to be used by the main station.