Pakistan Missile Chronology Last update: June 2012 This annotated chronology is based on the data sources that follow each entry. Public sources often provide conflicting information on classified military programs. In some cases we are unable to resolve these discrepancies, in others we have deliberately refrained from doing so to highlight the potential influence of false or misleading information as it appeared over time. In many cases, we are unable to independently verify claims. Hence in reviewing this chronology, readers should take into account the credibility of the sources employed here. Inclusion in this chronology does not necessarily indicate that a particular development is of direct or indirect proliferation significance. Some entries provide international or domestic context for technological development and national policymaking. Moreover, some entries may refer to developments with positive consequences for nonproliferation. 2012‐2008 5 June 2012 Pakistan successfully tests the Hatf‐VII (Babur) cruise missile. The Hatf‐VII has a range of 700km and can carry both conventional and nuclear payloads. The missile was first tested in 2005. ‐“Pakistan Successfully Test Fires Hatf‐VII Cruise Missile,” DAWN (Pakistan), 5 June 2012, http://dawn.com. “Pakistan Says It Tested Nuclear‐Capable Missile,” New York Times, 5 June 2012, www.nytimes.com. 31 May 2012 Pakistan successfully tests a nuclear‐capable, air‐launched cruise missile, the Hatf‐VIII (Ra’ad). With a range of 350km, the Hatf‐VIII employs “low altitude, terrain‐hugging” stealth technology. The development of Pakistan’s nuclear‐capable cruise missile program is viewed by many analysts as an attempt to undermine India’s nascent ballistic missile defense systems. ‐ “Pakistan Test‐fires Nuclear‐capable Cruise Missile,” DAWN (Pakistan), 31 May 2012, http://dawn.com. “Pak Tests Nuclear‐capable Hatf‐VIII Cruise Missile,” Times of India, 31 May 2012, http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com; “Pakistan PM, President Congratulate Scientists for Successful Missile Launch,” BBC Monitoring South Asia, 29 April 2011, www.lexisnexis.com. 29 May 2012 Pakistan tests a nuclear‐capable, short‐range ballistic missile, the Hatf‐IX (Nasr). With a range of 60km, the missile can be used in battlefield operations against enemy troop formations. Pakistan’s pursuit of short‐range ballistic missile technology is characterized as “consolidat[ing] Pakistan’s deterrence capability at all levels of the threat spectrum.” ‐ “Press Release No PR130/2012‐ISPR,” Inter‐Services Public Relations (Pakistan), 29 May 2012, www.ispr.gov.pk; “Details of Missile Tested by Pakistan on 29 May 12,” BBC Monitoring South Asia, 29 May 2012, www.lexisnexis.com. 10 May 2012 Related content is available on the website for the Nuclear Threat Initiative, www.nti.org. This material is produced independently for NTI by the James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies at the Monterey Institute of International Studies and does not necessarily reflect the opinions of and has not been independently verified by NTI or its directors, officers, employees, or agents. Copyright © 2011 by MIIS. Pakistan successfully tests the Hatf‐III (Ghaznavi) short‐range ballistic missile (SRBM). The missile can carry both conventional and nuclear warheads, and has a range of 290km. The test is carried out during a training exercise by the Strategic Missile Group of the Army Strategic Forces Command. ‐“Press Release No PR115/2012‐ISPR,” Inter Services Public Relations (Pakistan), 10 May 2012, www.ispr.gov.pk; “Pak Tests Nuclear‐capable Hatf‐III Ballistic Missile,” Indian Express, 10 May 2012, www.indianexpress.com. 25 April 2012 Pakistan successfully test‐fires the Hatf‐IV (Shaheen‐1A) intermediate‐range ballistic missile. An upgraded version of the Shaheen‐1, the nuclear‐capable Shaheen‐1A is Pakistan’s most powerful missile with an estimated range of 2500‐3000km, bringing all of India within reach. The missile test takes place five days after India tests its long‐ range Agni‐V missile. ‐ “Pakistan Successfully Test Fires Hatf‐IV Ballistic Missile,” DAWN (Pakistan), 25 April 2012, http://dawn.com; Jay Menon, “Pakistan Tests Missile Shortly After Rival India,” Aerospace Daily & Defense Report, 26 April 2012, www.lexisnexis.com. 5 March 2012 Pakistan successfully tests the Hatf‐II (Abdali) short‐range ballistic missile. The Hatf‐II can carry conventional and nuclear payloads, and has a range of 180km. Pakistan asserts the test is part of a “process of validation of land based ballistic missile systems.” ‐“No PR34/2012‐ISPR,” Press Release, Inter Services Public Relations, 5 March 2012, www.ispr.gov.pk;. “Pak Test‐ fires Nuclear Capable Hatf‐II Ballistic Missile,” Indian Express, 5 March 2012, www.indianexpress.com. 28 October 2011 Pakistan successfully tests the Hatf‐VII (Babur) cruise missile. The indigenously‐built cruise missile has a range of 700 km, and is capable of carrying both conventional and nuclear warheads. The missile is fired from a launcher with three missile tubes, which “provides a major force multiplier effect for target employment and survivability.” ‐ “Pak Tests Nuclear‐capable Hatf‐7 Cruise Missile,” Times of India, 28 October 2011, http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com; “Press Release No PR256/2011‐ISPR,” Inter Services Public Relations, 28 October 2011, www.ispr.gov.pk. 29 April 2011 Pakistan successfully tests the Ra'ad (Hatf‐VIII) nuclear‐capable air‐launched cruise missile. The missile has a range of 350 km. —"Pakistan successfully conducts flight test of Hatf‐8 missile," The Express Tribune, 30 April 2011, http://tribune.com.pk. 20 April 2011 Pakistan successfully tests a new short‐range nuclear‐capable ballistic missile called Nasr (Hatf‐IX). The missile has a range of 37 miles. According to analysts, the missile is meant to act as a deterrent against an Indian conventional military attack, especially through its Cold Start military doctrine. —"Pakistan Launches Nuke‐Ready Missile in Trial," Global Security Newswire, 19 April 2011; Anita Joshua, "Pakistan Tests Short‐Range Ballistic Missile," The Hindu, 20 April 2011, www.hinduonnet.com. Related content is available on the website for the Nuclear Threat Initiative, www.nti.org. This material is produced independently for NTI by the James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies at the Monterey Institute of International Studies and does not necessarily reflect the opinions of and has not been independently verified by NTI or its directors, officers, employees, or agents. Copyright © 2011 by MIIS. 12 March 2011 Pakistan successfully tests the surface‐to‐surface nuclear‐capable ballistic missile Abdali (Hatf‐II). The missile has a range of 180 km. —"Pakistan test‐fires ballistic missile," The Daily Times, 12 March 2011, www.dailytimes.com.pk. 3 March 2011 Pakistan and China sign an agreement for joint construction of two fast‐attack boats equipped with missiles for eventual induction into the Pakistan Navy. —"Pakistan and China to manufacture missile boats," Dawn, 3 March 2011, www.dawn.com. 17 February 2011 Pakistan successfully tests the Babur (Hatf‐VII) nuclear‐capable cruise missile. The missile has a range of 470 miles. —"Pakistan test fires Babur cruise missile," 17 February, 2011, www.upi.com. 21 December 2010 The Strategic Missile Group of the Army Strategic Forces Command successfully tests the Ghauri (Hatf‐V)) nuclear‐ capable ballistic missile. The missile has a range of 800 miles. Prime Minister Yousuf Gilani, who witnesses the test, says, "The test amply demonstrates the credibility of our minimum deterrence strategy, which is the cornerstone of our security policy and ensures peace in the region." —"Pakistan Launches Nuke‐Ready Missile," Global Security Newswire, 21 December, 2010; "Pakistan carries out training launch of ballistic missile," Dawn, 22 December, 2010, www.dawn.com. 6 December 2010 Pakistan successfully tests an unspecified anti‐tank missile at the Tilla firing range. The missile is said to be indigenously made. —"Pak Army successfully conducts anti‐tank missile test," The Daily Times, 6 December, 2010, www.dailytimes.com.pk. 9 May 2010 Pakistan has successfully tested two nuclear‐capable ballistic missiles ‐ the 290 km‐range Ghaznavi (Hatf III) and the 650 km‐range Shaheen I (Hatf IV). —Anita Joshua, "Pakistan Tests Nuclear‐Capable Ballistic Missile," The Hindu, May 9, 2010, www.thehindu.com. 17 March 2010 The Pakistan Navy has carried out a series of tests of various missiles including the C‐802 anti‐ship missile, Excocet 39, and the Harpoon. —"Pakistan Displayes Naval Offensive Capabilities," Jane's Defence Weekly, March 17, 2010, Lexis‐Nexis. 16 March 2010 The Pakistan Navy has tested an unnamed surface‐to‐air missile. The test was carried out from a guided missile destroyer. Related content is available on the website for the Nuclear Threat Initiative, www.nti.org. This material is produced independently for NTI by the James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies at the Monterey Institute of International Studies and does not necessarily reflect the opinions of and has not been independently verified by NTI or its directors, officers, employees, or agents. Copyright © 2011 by MIIS. —"Pakistan Navy Test‐Fires Surface‐to‐Air Missile," Associated Press of Pakistan, March 16, 2010, BBC Monitoring South Asia ‐ Political, Lexis‐Nexis. 27 February 2010 According to a Pakistani news report, in recent days Islamabad has tested several missile systems. Although these tests have not been publicized, as per their agreement,