High Peak Borough Council Land at Market Street, Buxton Heritage Impact Study Wood Environment & Infrastructure Solutions UK Limited – September 2018 3 © Wood Environment & Infrastructure Solutions UK Limited Executive summary High Peak Borough Council (hereafter ‘the Council’ proposes to redevelop land at Market Street in Buxton for residential development of up to 40 dwellings (hereafter ‘the proposed development’). The site is located at National Grid Reference (NGR) SK058730 within the historic heart of Buxton, Derbyshire. This report has been produced for the purpose of assessing the potential impact of the proposed development upon heritage assets within the site and the surrounding area. Impacts may occur through disturbance within the site or upon the setting of surrounding assets, changing the way they may be viewed, understood or experienced. Due to the intimate and enclosed character of the Conservation Areas contained within the area surrounding the site there is very limited visibility towards the proposed development form these and their associated individual listed buildings and historic structures. As the site is outside of the designated areas and of a design that is sympathetic to the character of the neighbouring Conservation Areas it will have a negligible effect upon the built heritage of Buxton. There is a potential for as yet unknown archaeological material to be present within the site as identified by the site being contained within the Central Buxton Area of Archaeological Interest and the presence of numerous Historic Environment Records present within the surrounding area. The majority of the site appears to be relatively undisturbed by recent activity with the exception of the current structures that are present and as such if any archaeological remains are present they are likely to have survived in a coherent form. It is recommended that a programme of archaeological investigation should be arranged for the site ahead of construction work in order to identify the presence, extent and nature of any archaeological remains within the site. These investigations should be designed and managed in consultation with the Derbyshire County Council Archaeologists. September 2018 Doc Ref: 40718R007i1 4 © Wood Environment & Infrastructure Solutions UK Limited Contents 1. Introduction 5 1.1 Overview of Proposed Scheme 5 1.2 Purpose of this report 5 1.3 Site Location and Description 5 2. Methodology 7 2.1 Data Collection 7 2.2 Historical and Archaeological Summary 11 2.3 Assessment Selection 12 3. Statement of Significance 13 3.1 Legislative Overview of Importance 13 3.2 The Buxton Central Conservation Area and Buxton Hardwick Conservation Area 14 3.3 Assets Contained within the Buxton Central Conservation Area 17 4. Impact of Proposed Development 20 4.1 The Buxton Central Conservation Area and Buxton Hardwick Conservation Area 20 4.2 Assets Contained within the Buxton Central Conservation Area 22 5. Conclusions and Recommendations 24 5.1 Conclusions 24 5.2 Recommendations 24 Designated Heritage Data 1 Non-Designated Heritage Data 4 Figure 1 Designated Heritage Assets After Page 8 Figure 2 Non-Designated HER Records & the Central Buxton Area of Archaeological Interest After Page 9 Figure 3 DCC HER Historic Landscape Characterisation After Page 10 Figure 4 Conservation Area Character Areas After Page 15 Bibliography 25 Appendix A Historic Environment Data Index September 2018 Doc Ref: 40718R007i1 5 © Wood Environment & Infrastructure Solutions UK Limited 1. Introduction 1.1 Overview of Proposed Scheme 1.1.1 High Peak Borough Council (hereafter ‘the Council’ proposes to redevelop land at Market Street in Buxton for residential development of up to 40 dwellings (hereafter ‘the proposed development’). 1.2 Purpose of this report 1.2.1 This report has been produced for the purpose of assessing the potential impact of the proposed development upon heritage assets within the area surrounding the site. Impacts may occur directly through disturbance within the site or upon the setting of surrounding assets, changing the way they may be viewed, understood or experienced. If any adverse effects are identified, this report will provide suggestions of potential mitigation for these. 1.3 Site Location and Description 1.3.1 The site is located at National Grid Reference (NGR) SK058730 (Figure 1 and Plate 1) within the heart of Buxton, Derbyshire. It is bounded to the north by housing in South Mews and College Place off of South Street, to the east by Market Street and associated housing, to the south by houses along Hollins Street and to the west by an access road, garages and boundary walls for the commercial properties located along High Street. Plate 1: Site Location. September 2018 Doc Ref: 40718R007i1 6 © Wood Environment & Infrastructure Solutions UK Limited 1.3.2 The site currently accommodates a public car park within its northern extent and an area of derelict residential buildings, commercial garages and yard space to the south which is currently being used as a depot and storage for rubbish bins and skips (Plates 2-5 below). Plate 2: Public car park within the northern extent of site Plate 3: View available of the central area of the site looking WSW. looking southwest from Market Street. Plate 4: South-Eastern extent of site looking east. Plate 5: Derelict buildings within site fronting on to Market Street, looking south. September 2018 Doc Ref: 40718R007i1 7 © Wood Environment & Infrastructure Solutions UK Limited 2. Methodology 2.1 Data Collection 2.1.1 In order to establish whether the proposed development will have an impact upon the heritage of the site and the surrounding area data was collected for an area spanning 500m from the site boundary, not including the existing associated access. Data was initially obtained from two primary sources with designated data contained within the National Heritage List for England (NHLE) obtained from Historic England Website and data for local non-designated heritage records and designated conservation areas received from the Derbyshire County Council (DCC) Historic Environment Record (HER). The data covered by these sources are as follows: Historic England: World Heritage Sites; Scheduled Monuments; Listed Buildings; Registered Park and Gardens; and Registered Battlefields. DCC HER: Designated conservation areas; Non-designated asset records including: Extant structures and monuments; Sites of former activity and buildings; and Records of artefact find spots. Records of previous archaeological events including: Desk-Based Assessments (DBA); Archaeological Watching Briefs and Monitoring; Evaluations including Trial Trenching, Geophysics and Field Walking; and Site Excavations. Historic Landscape Characters 2.1.2 All Historic Environment asset data collected is shown on Figures 1, 2 and 3 and the associated titles and descriptions of the individual assets are provided in Appendix A. th 2.1.3 This information has been supplemented by a visit to the Derbyshire Record Office on Thursday 5 July 2018 and through documentary and online sources where relevant. Site and receptor visits within the study area were undertaken on Wednesday 4th July 2018 in order to assess the data collected and assess the current conditions of the area. September 2018 Doc Ref: 40718R007i1 406000 Key Site Boundary 500m Study Area 1257876 1257841 Buxton Conservation Area !!! 1257910 Character Areas 1257837 *# 1257938 !!! 1259266 *# *# Grade II* Registered Park & 1259275 *# Garden 1258025 *# *# *# *# 1257949 *# 1257989 *# *# 1257964 !!!!!!!! *# 1257899 !!!!!!!! Grade II Registered Park & 1257987 *# *# 1259237 1257818 *# 1257871 *# 1257955 !!!!!!!! Garden 1257829 *# !!!!!!!! Buxton - The Park *# 1257914 *# 1257920 1257789 *# # 1258018 *# *# * *# Grade I Listed Building 1257843 1258023 *# *## 1257868 1257991 *# * *# *# 1257856 *# 1257996 *# 1257904 *# Grade II* Listed Building *# 1257847 1001456 1257993 *# 1259256 1257997 1259387 *# *# Grade II Listed Building 1257823 *#*# 1259417 *# 1259215 1259418 *# *# 1259216 1259389 1259217 *# 1259171 1000675 *# *# 1259390 *# *# 1257906 *# 1259385 1258033 # * *# 1258031 1259327 Buxton Hardwick 1259420 *# *# 1259419 # 1258032 *# 1259421 * *# 1259422 *# 1259423 *# 1259424 *# 1259425 *# 1259384 1259229 *# *# 1259232 1259407 *# 373000 Buxton Central 1259388 *# *# 1259386 1259392 *# Inset @ 1:5,000,000 Contains OS data © Crown copyright and database right *# 1436521 *# *# 1259380 *# *# 1259440 1259393 1259181 Note: The Historic England GIS Data contained in this material 1259367 was obtained on 18/05/2018. The most publicly available up to date Historic England GIS Data can be obtained from *# http://www.historicengland.org.uk. © Historic England 2018. Contains Ordnance Survey data © Crown copyright Buxton College and database right 2018. Mapping Contains Ordnance Survey data © Crown copyright and database right 2018. 0 50 100 150 200 250 m Scale at A3: 1:5,000 Land at Market Street, Buxton Heritage Impact Statement Figure 1 Designated Heritage Assets August 2018 \\gos-fs14\shared\GWM\DATA\PROJECT\40718-01 Buxton (Subfolder)\D040 Design\Historic Environment\Market Street\40718-Lea09.mxd Originator:\\gos-fs14\shared\GWM\DATA\PROJECT\40718-01 amy.roberts 406000 Key EDR1762 Site Boundary 500m Study Area EDR3922 EDR2982 HER Asset Record EDR3922 31128 31116 HER Asset Record EDR2752 EDR3737 !H HER Asset Record 31172 2897 !H 2837 99019 Previous Archaological Event 2836 !H 2834 EDR3847 31189 EDR1918 Previous Archaeological Event 31177 !H 31174 2832 !H !H