OCCASION This publication has been made available to the public on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the United Nations Industrial Development Organisation. DISCLAIMER This document has been produced without formal United Nations editing. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this document do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries, or its economic system or degree of development. Designations such as “developed”, “industrialized” and “developing” are intended for statistical convenience and do not necessarily express a judgment about the stage reached by a particular country or area in the development process. Mention of firm names or commercial products does not constitute an endorsement by UNIDO. FAIR USE POLICY Any part of this publication may be quoted and referenced for educational and research purposes without additional permission from UNIDO. However, those who make use of quoting and referencing this publication are requested to follow the Fair Use Policy of giving due credit to UNIDO. CONTACT Please contact [email protected] for further information concerning UNIDO publications. For more information about UNIDO, please visit us at www.unido.org UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION Vienna International Centre, P.O. Box 300, 1400 Vienna, Austria Tel: (+43-1) 26026-0 · www.unido.org · [email protected] ----------- -- RESTRICTED DP/ID/SER.B/508 I 24 May 1985 English [ EIii 'W'!_ · TEXTILE DEVELOPMENT CENTRE, PHASE i I . DP/EGY/77 /008 EGYPT Terminal report * Prepared for the Government of Egypt by the United Nations Industrial Development Organization, acting as executing agency for the United Nations Development Programme Based on the work of Roi Nield, Project Manager/Chief Technical Adviser United Nations Industrial Development Organization Vienna * This Jocument has been reprouuced without formal editing. \ V.35 26917 3884E - 2 - TABLE OF CONTENTS Title-page Explanatory notes A.bstract Table of contents • l. Objectives and Lo~ic of the Project 2. Activities Carried Out and Outputs Produced 3. Achievement of Immediate Objectives 4. Utilization of Project Resut±s 5. Findings 6. Recommendations ANNEXES l. The Textile Centre - Organization Chart 2. Management Structure of the Textile Development Centre 3. Organization Chart of the ~extile Development Centre 4. Layout Plan S. Equipment Provided by UNOP/UNIDO 6. International Staff 7. National Counterpart Staff 8. Fellowships and Study Tours 9. Training Courses for Mill Engineers and Technicians 10. Seminars for Mill Engineers and Chemists 11. Mill Consultancy Provided by the Experts 12. Terminal Reports 13. ~eports on Mill Visits by Experts (V) 14. Technical Reports (TR) 15. Applied Research Programme for 1983-85 16. Research Reports (RR) 17. Closing Budget Revision for Phase I 18. Closing Budget Revision for Phase II 19. Follow-up of Recommendations in Project Interim Report (1982) 20. Equipment Installed at the TDC from non-UN Sources 21. Short Training Courses Available a~ the TDC 22. Garment Manufacturing Training Programme , , . - 3 - TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONTINUED) 23. Co-operation with other Egyptian In~titutions 24. Co-operation with Foreign I;1stitutions 25. Technical Co-operation Among Developing Countries (TCDC) • • • • - 4 - EXPLANATORY NO'£ES The monetary unit in Egypt is the pound (LE). During the period covered by this report, the value of the Egyptian pound was as follows:- Prior to August 1981 US$ 1 = LE 0.70 • After August 1981 US$ l = LE 0.82168 • A comma (,) is used to distinguish thousands and millions. A full stop (.) is used to indicate decimals. In addition to abbreviations in common use, the following are also used in this report:- GTC General Textile Corporation TCF Textile Consolidation Fund TQCC Textile Quality Control Centre TDC Textile Development Centre TIC Textile Information Centre v •• Mill Visit Report (TDC reference) TR •• Technical Report (TDC reference) RR •• Research Report (TDC reference) The designations employed and the presentation of ~he material in this document do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its auchorities, or concerning the delimitation uc its frontiers or boundaries. Mention of firm namea and commercial products does not imply endorsement by the United Nations Industrial Development Organisation (UNIDO) • I I I ----------------------~ -- ---- ~ - 5 - ABSTRACT The Textile Development Centre (TDC} has been estab­ lished in Alexandria to complement the existing Textile Quality Control and Textile Information Centres. This report covers the project DP/EGY/77/008 Textile Develop­ ment Centre Phase II. The main activities took place from 1979 to 1982 but there was a modest extension through 1985. The purpose of the project was to establish within the TDC the necessary pilot plants to enable the Centre to carry out applied research for the textile industry in the fields of weaving, knitting, fabric finishing and ready-made garment manufacture and to provide mill-level consultancy and training services. The report explains the objectives and logic of the project, describes the activities carried out and the outputs produced, discusses the achievements and the extent to which the project results are being utilized and ends with the findings and recormnendations. There are also 25 Annexes. The immediate objective, establishment of the pilot plants was accomplished on schedule in 1982 and every­ thin~ was to a very high standard. The purpose of the extension was to help to bring the TDC to the stage of being a viable, self-sufficient, fully operational unit capable of making maximum use of the facilities provided. Unfortunately, due to shortage of funds this has only been achieved to a limited extent. Nevertheless, considerable progress has been made mainly through the efforts of the national staff. The Government have now expressed a wish to continue their cooperation with UNIDO in the field of textiles and have identified certain critical areas in which they are badly in need of assistance mainly through high-level consultancy. To consolidate what has already been achieved and to further promote the activities of the TDC it is recommended that such assistance be qiven if at all possible. I II - 0 - TEXTILE DEVELOPMENT CENTRE PHASE II DP/EGY/77/008 1. OBJECTIVE AND LOGIC OF THE PROJECT The objectives as stated in the original Project Document, DP/EGY/77/008/A/Ol/37 Textile Development Centre Phase II, duration 3 years starting in July 1979 were as follows:- Development Objectives To contribute to the establishment of a Textile Development Centre which will meet the needs of the entire textile industry in Egypt and possible extend it services to other Arab countries. Immediate Objectives To establish within the Textile Development Centre the necessary pilot plants to carry out applied research for the textile industry in the areas of weaving, knitting, fabric finishing and garment manufacture. In this connection, the facilities provided by the Textile Quality Control Centre and the Textile Development Centre Phase I will be complementary. Outputs Although not specifically stated in the Project Document it has always been understood that the following outputs would be expected:- i ) Pilot plant and testing facilities suitable for solving problems encountered by industry. ii) Facilities for carrying out in-depth studies of textile materials, particularly cotton and its blends and also textile machines, processes, finishes, etc. - 7 - (iii) The capability of carrying out quantitative and qualitative studies on industrial processes in textile mills to improve quality, productivity and efficiency. (iv) A technical consultancy service for solving management and technical problems and extending modern techniques to industry. ( v ) An on-going programme of training courses, seminars and conferences for communicating with industry at all levels. (vi) Dissemination of information to industry through Technical reports, Research reports and papers in the Textile Information Bulletin~ The Egyptian textile industry produces on average 280,000 tons of yarn and over 1 billion metres of fabric annually from its 35 public sector and 1,600 private sector factories which are divided as follows:- Percentage of Production Process Public Sector Private Sector Spinning 100% 0% Weaving 65% 3:~ Knitting 40% 60% Dyeing and Finishing 75% 25% Apparel 20% 80% Backgound Information At the start of the project, it employed over 50% of the industrial labour force and accounted for 33% of industrial production an~ 60% of exported manufactured goods. There was a large expansion and modernisation programme in progress. The industry was still based largely on the process­ ing of Egyptian long-staple cottons but there was a move towards blends with polyester and the introduction of - 3 - short-staple, imported cottons. Waste fibres, which used to be exported, were being processed on open-end spinning machines. All spinning was in the public sector but weaving and finishing were divided between public and private sectors. There was some knitting and garment manufacturing in the public sector but mostly it was carried