Phase II and Phase III Archeological Database and Inventory Site Number: 18PR224 Site Name: Buck House, Wardrop-Buck House Prehistoric Other name(s) Darnall's Chance (PG:79-28) Historic Brief late 17th-early 19th century plantation complex and burial vault Unknown Description: Site Location and Environmental Data: Maryland Archeological Research Unit No. 8 SCS soil & sediment code GaB Latitude 38.8258 Longitude -76.7521 Physiographic province Western Shore Coastal Terrestrial site Underwater site Elevation 0 m Site slope 0-5% Ethnobotany profile available Maritime site Nearest Surface Water Site setting Topography Ownership Name (if any) Schoolhouse Pond -Site Setting restricted Floodplain High terrace Private Saltwater Freshwater -Lat/Long accurate to within 1 sq. mile, user may Hilltop/bluff Rockshelter/ Federal Ocean Stream/river need to make slight adjustments in mapping to cave Interior flat State of MD account for sites near state/county lines or streams Estuary/tidal river Swamp Hillslope Upland flat Regional/ Unknown county/city Tidewater/marsh Lake or pond Ridgetop Other Unknown Spring Terrace Low terrace Minimum distance to water is 0 m Temporal & Ethnic Contextual Data: Contact period site ca. 1820 - 1860 Y Ethnic Associations (historic only) Paleoindian site Woodland site ca. 1630 - 1675 ca. 1860 - 1900 Y Native American Asian American Archaic site MD Adena ca. 1675 - 1720 Y ca. 1900 - 1930 Y African American Unknown Early archaic Early woodland ca. 1720 - 1780 Y Post 1930 Y Anglo-American Y Other MIddle archaic Mid. woodland ca. 1780 - 1820 Y Hispanic Late archaic Late woodland Unknown historic context Unknown prehistoric context Unknown context Y=Confirmed, P=Possible Site Function Contextual Data: Historic Furnace/forge Military Post-in-ground Urban/Rural? Rural Other Battlefield Frame-built Domestic Prehistoric Transportation Fortification Masonry Homestead Multi-component Misc. ceremonial Canal-related Encampment Other structure Farmstead Village Rock art Road/railroad Townsite Slave related Hamlet Shell midden Mansion Wharf/landing Religious Non-domestic agri Plantation Base camp STU/lithic scatter Maritime-related Church/mtg house Recreational Rockshelter/cave Quarry/extraction Row/townhome Bridge Ch support bldg Cellar Midden/dump Earthen mound Fish weir Ford Burial area Cairn Production area Privy Artifact scatter Educational Cemetery Burial area Unknown Industrial Spring or well Commercial Sepulchre Other context Mining-related Trading post Isolated burial Unknown Quarry-related Store Other context Mill Bldg or foundation Tavern/inn Black/metalsmith Possible Structure burial vault Interpretive Sampling Data: Prehistoric context samples Soil samples taken Historic context samples Soil samples taken Y Flotation samples taken Other samples taken Flotation samples taken Y Other samples taken Human remains analysis Phase II and Phase III Archeological Database and Inventory Site Number: 18PR224 Site Name: Buck House, Wardrop-Buck House Prehistoric Other name(s) Darnall's Chance (PG:79-28) Historic Brief late 17th-early 19th century plantation complex and burial vault Unknown Description: Diagnostic Artifact Data: Prehistoric Sherd Types Shepard Keyser Projectile Point Types Koens-Crispin Marcey Creek Popes Creek Townsend 1 Yeocomico Clovis Perkiomen Dames Qtr Coulbourn Minguannan Monongahela Hardaway-Dalton Susquehana Selden Island Watson Sullivan Cove Susquehannock Palmer Vernon Accokeek Mockley Shenks Ferry Kirk (notch) Piscataway Wolfe Neck Clemson Island Moyaone Kirk (stem) Calvert Vinette Page Potomac Cr Le Croy Selby Bay Historic Sherd Types Ironstone Staffordshire Stoneware Earthenware English Brown Morrow Mntn Jacks Rf (notch) Jackfield Tin Glazed Astbury Eng Dry-bodie Guilford Jacks Rf (pent) Mn Mottled Whiteware Borderware Brewerton Madison/Potomac Nottingham North Devon Porcelain Buckley Rhenish Otter Creek Levanna Pearlware Creamware All quantities exact or estimated minimal counts Wt Salt-glazed Other Artifact & Feature Types: Prehistoric Features Lithic Material Fer quartzite Sil sandstone Prehistoric Artifacts Other fired clay Mound(s) Storage/trash pit Jasper Chalcedony European flint Flaked stone 6 Human remain(s) Midden Burial(s) Chert Ironstone Basalt Ground stone Modified faunal Shell midden Ossuary Rhyolite Argilite Unknown Stone bowls Unmod faunal Postholes/molds Unknown Quartz Steatite Other Fire-cracked rock Oyster shell House pattern(s) Other Quartzite Sandstone Other lithics (all) Floral material Palisade(s) Dated features present at site Ceramics (all) Uncommon Obj. Hearth(s) Numerous 18th and 19th century features identified Rimsherds Other Lithic reduc area at the site Historic Artifacts Historic Features Tobacco related 4 Privy/outhouse Depression/mound Unknown Pottery (all) 270 Activity item(s) 2 Const feature Well/cistern Burial(s) Other Glass (all) 156 Human remain(s) Foundation Trash pit/dump Railroad bed Architectural 118 Faunal material Cellar hole/cellar Furniture Misc. kitchen 98 Sheet midden Earthworks Hearth/chimney Arms Floral material Planting feature Mill raceway Postholes/molds Clothing 2 Misc. 8 Road/walkway Wheel pit Personal items 1 Other Paling ditch/fence All quantities exact or estimated minimal counts Radiocarbon Data: Sample 1: +/- years BP Reliability Sample 2: +/- years BP Reliability Sample 3: +/- years BP Reliability Sample 4: +/- years BP Reliability Sample 5: +/- years BP Reliability Sample 6: +/- years BP Reliability Sample 7: +/- years BP Reliability Sample 8: +/- years BP Reliability Sample 9: +/- years BP Reliability Additional radiocarbon results available Phase II and Phase III Archeological Database and Inventory Site Number: 18PR224 Site Name: Buck House, Wardrop-Buck House Prehistoric Other name(s) Darnall's Chance (PG:79-28) Historic Brief late 17th-early 19th century plantation complex and burial vault Unknown Description: External Samples/Data: Collection curated at Additional raw data may be available online Summary Description: Site 18PR224 is the archeological deposits associated with the Buck-Wardrop House (or Buck House), one of the earliest mansion houses in 18th Century Maryland. The house dates back to ca. 1742 and was built on the site of an earlier plantation home for the property known as “Darnall’s Chance”, which was operated as a tobacco plantation from the late 17th through the 19th Century. The site is operated as the Darnall's Chance House Museum by the Maryland National Capital Park and Planning Commission (MNCPPC) and is situated in the City of Upper Marlboro, the county seat of Prince George’s County, Maryland. The surrounding landscape consists of manicured lawns and stands of mature hardwoods. Schoolhouse Pond, an old mill pond formed by the damming of the Western Branch of the Patuxent, is located just to the west of the standing structure. Galestown soils dominate the site. The original ca. 1742 standing house was a 1½ storey Flemish bond brick house. Architectural evidence suggests that the house had a gambrel roof, although this was altered in the mid 19th century when a full second storey was added in common bond brick. By the mid 19th century, the brick had been stuccoed (to cover the transition from Flemish to common bond) and the structure embellished with Greek Revival and primarily Italianate stylistic elements. In 1986, the entire second floor and roof were removed, and the house was reconstructed to a more 18th century appearance. The planned reconstructions and subsequent development as a historical park were key drivers for the archeological work conducted at 18PR224 around that time. As it now stands, the Buck House is a 1½ storey brick house with a hip-on-gambrel roof. Walls are laid in Flemish bond with queen closers and quoins at corners, as well as masonry openings and tooled joints. Quoins are rare on 18th Century structures in Maryland, and are unique for a house that is less than two storeys. The foundation is English bond with a beveled water table surrounding the building, and is pierced by four elliptical arched cellar windows on the principal (south) façade. The center bay of this façade projects slightly (another rarity), and is surmounted by a pediment with a small round window filled with leaded diamond-pane glass. This center bay contains the principal entrance flanked by 24-light casement windows set in segmental-arched openings with splayed jack arches. The entrance door is set in an arched opening containing a transom of wooded panels above the 8-panel door. The remaining bays on this façade contain leaded four-part windows that include paired 18-light casements below paired 9-light transoms of rectangular panes. The north façade is six bays long, with an entrance in the third bay from the east, consisting of a paneled door with a rectangular wood paneled transom. All six openings have the same tall brick arches as on the south windows, and the windows are the same four-part casements. Two flush chimneys rise from each end of the building. Between these, the wall is pierced by a single window on each floor. These casement windows with leaded diamond-shaped glass panes are surmounted by segmental brick arches. A three-brick string course divides the floors at the level of the gambrel eaves. Hip-roofed dormer windows are symmetrically arranged on the north and south elevations; these are fitted with pairs of leaded diamond-pane casement windows. Four pierce the south slope, on either side of the pediment, and five are evenly spaced on the north slope. Both the gambrel and hip slopes