Louisiana’s Comprehensive Archaeological Plan Final Jeff Girard Chip McGimsey Dennis Jones November 2018 2 Table of Contents List of Figures . 6 Introduction . 7 Part I. The Division of Archaeology and Other Organizations in Louisiana Archaeology . 8 Introduction . 8 Division of Archaeology . 8 Archaeological Site Files . 10 Curation . 10 Public Outreach and Education . 11 Section 106 Program . 12 Burials and Cemeteries . 13 Other Responsibilities . 14 Other Agencies and Organizations . 15 Louisiana Archaeological Survey and Antiquities Commission . 15 Louisiana Archaeological Society . 16 The Archaeological Conservancy . 16 Louisiana Archaeological Conservancy . 18 Archaeological Contractors . 18 American Indian Tribal Nations . 21 State Recognized Tribal Organizations . 22 Academic Archaeologists . 22 Summary . 23 Part II. Regions of the State . 24 Introduction . 24 South Central Plains . 24 Tertiary Uplands and Associated Streams . 26 Pleistocene Fluvial Terraces and Flatwoods . 26 Red River Bottomlands . 27 Mississippi Alluvial Plain . 27 Holocene Meander Belts . 27 Pleistocene Valley Trains . 28 Inland Swamp and Coastal Marshes . 28 Western Gulf Coastal Plain . 29 Mississippi Valley Loess Plains . 30 Southeastern Plains . 31 Southern Coastal Plain . 32 Part III. Investigating Louisiana’s Archaeological Record . 32 Introduction . 32 Pre-Contact and Post-Contact Contexts in Louisiana . 33 Paleoindian and Archaic Periods . 33 Topic 1: Early Human Organization in Louisiana . 35 Topic 2: Human Response to the Development of Modern Climate And Landscape Conditions . 36 Topic 3: Middle Archaic Monumentality . 37 Topic 4: Understanding Poverty Point and the Poverty Point Era. 38 3 Woodland Period . 39 Topic 1: The History and Context of Ceramic Technology . 40 Topic 2: Monumentality, Mortuaries, and Social Organization . 40 Topic 3: Woodland Period Subsistence Economies . 40 Topic 4: Lithic Technology and Adoption of the Bow and Arrow . 42 Mississippi Period . 42 Topic 1: Beginnings of the Caddo and Plaquemine Cultural Traditions 44 Topic 2: Communities and Polities . 45 Topic 3: Mississippi Political and Sacred Economies. 46 Topic 4: European Introduction and Consequences . 47 Post-Contact Period . 48 Topic 1: Colonial Encounters . 51 Topic 2: Plantation Economies and Societies . 52 Topic 3: Settlement and Urbanization . 52 Topic 4: Transportation Technologies and Corridors . 53 Topic 5: Industrialization . 54 Research Themes . 54 Introduction . 54 Paleoenvironments . 54 General Goal . 54 Research Objectives . 54 Settlement Patterns and Cultural Landscapes . 55 General Goal . 55 Research Objectives . 55 Architecture and Site Configuration . 55 General Goal . 55 Research Objectives . 56 Subsistence . 56 General Goal . 56 Research Objectives . 56 Material Technology . 57 General Goal . 57 Research Objectives . 57 World View/Cosmology . 57 General Goal. 57 Research Objectives . 57 Social Identity/Status . 58 General Goal. 58 Research Objectives . 58 Group Interaction, Conflict and Mobility . 58 General Goal . 58 Research Objectives . 58 Physical Condition, Health, and Leisure . 59 General Goal . ..