Not logged in Talk Contributions Create account Log in Article Talk Read Edit View history Search Reinhard Heydrich From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Main page "Heydrich" redirects here. For other people with the surname, see Heydrich (surname). Contents Reinhard Tristan Eugen Heydrich (German: Featured content Reinhard Heydrich [ˈʁaɪnhaʁt ˈtʁɪstan ˈɔʏɡn̩ ˈhaɪdʁɪç] ( listen)) (7 Current events Random article March 1904 – 4 June 1942) was a high-ranking Donate to Wikipedia German Nazi official during World War II, and one of Wikipedia store the main architects of the Holocaust. He was Interaction SS-Obergruppenführer und General der Polizei as Help well as chief of the Reich Main Security Office About Wikipedia (including the Gestapo, Kripo, and SD). He was also Community portal Stellvertretender Reichsprotektor (Deputy/Acting Recent changes Reich-Protector) of Bohemia and Moravia, in what is Contact page now the Czech Republic. Heydrich served as Tools president of the International Criminal Police What links here Commission (ICPC; later known as Interpol) and Related changes chaired the January 1942 Wannsee Conference, Upload file Special pages which formalised plans for the Final Solution to the Permanent link Jewish Question—the deportation and genocide of all open in browser PRO version Are you a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API pdfcrowd.com Page information Jews in German-occupied Europe. Heydrich as an SS-Gruppenführer in 1940 Wikidata item Many historians regard him as the darkest figure Deputy Protector of Bohemia and Moravia Cite this page within the Nazi elite; Adolf Hitler described him as "the (acting Protector) Print/export man with the iron heart".[4] He was the founding head In office Create a book 29 September 1941 – 4 June 1942 of the Sicherheitsdienst (SD), an intelligence Download as PDF Appointed by Adolf Hitler Printable version organisation charged with seeking out and neutralising resistance to the Nazi Party via arrests, Preceded by Konstantin von Neurath Languages (Protector until 24 August deportations, and murders. He helped organise (1943 اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ Kristallnacht, a series of co-ordinated attacks against Беларуская Succeeded by Kurt Daluege Български Jews throughout Nazi Germany and parts of Austria (Acting Protector) Bosanski on 9–10 November 1938. The attacks, carried out by Director of the Reich Main Security Office Brezhoneg SA stormtroopers and civilians, presaged the In office Català Holocaust. Upon his arrival in Prague, Heydrich 27 September 1939 – 4 June 1942 Чӑвашла sought to eliminate opposition to the Nazi occupation Appointed by Heinrich Himmler Čeština by suppressing Czech culture and deporting and Dansk Preceded by Post created executing members of the Czech resistance. He was Deutsch Succeeded by Heinrich Himmler (acting) Eesti directly responsible for the Einsatzgruppen, the President of the ICPC (now known as Ελληνικά special task forces which travelled in the wake of the Interpol) Español German armies and murdered over one million In office Esperanto people, including Jews, by mass shooting. 24 August 1940 – 4 June 1942 Euskara Heydrich was attacked in Prague on 27 May 1942 by Preceded by Otto Steinhäusl ﻓﺎرﺳﯽ Succeeded by Arthur Nebe Français a British-trained team of Czech and Slovak soldiers Frysk who had been sent by the Czechoslovak government- Director of the Gestapo Galego in-exile to kill him in Operation Anthropoid. He died In office 22 April 1934 – 27 September 1939 한국어 from his injuries a week later. Intelligence falsely Hrvatski Appointed by Heinrich Himmler open in browser PRO version Are you a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API pdfcrowd.com Hrvatski linked the assassins to the villages of Lidice and Appointed by Heinrich Himmler Ido Ležáky. Lidice was razed to the ground; all men and Preceded by Rudolf Diels Bahasa Indonesia Succeeded by Heinrich Müller Íslenska boys over the age of 16 were shot, and all but a Italiano handful of its women and children were deported and Personal details killed in Nazi concentration camps. Born Reinhard Tristan Eugen עברית ქართული Heydrich Latina Contents [hide] 7 March 1904 Halle an der Saale, German Latviešu 1 Early life Empire Lietuvių 2 Naval career Magyar Died 4 June 1942 (aged 38) 3 Career in the SS and military Bahasa Melayu Prague-Libeň, Protectorate 3.1 Gestapo and SD Nederlands Bohemia and Moravia 3.2 Crushing the SA 日本語 (now Prague, Czech Norsk bokmål 3.3 Consolidating the police forces Republic) Norsk nynorsk 3.4 Red Army purges Political party National Socialist German Occitan 3.5 Night-and-Fog decree Workers Party (NSDAP) Polski 3.6 Acting Reich Protector of Bohemia and Moravia Spouse(s) Lina von Osten (m. 1931; Português his death 1942) Română 4 Role in the Holocaust Relations Heinz Heydrich (brother) Русский 5 Assassination Children 4 Simple English 5.1 Death in Prague Signature Slovenčina 5.2 Funeral Slovenščina 5.3 Aftermath Српски / srpski 6 Summary of career Srpskohrvatski / 6.1 SS record српскохрватски Nickname(s) The Hangman[1] 7 See also Suomi The Butcher of Prague[2] Svenska 8 Footnotes The Blond Beast[2] Türkçe 9 References Himmler's Evil Genius[2] open in browser PRO version Are you a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API pdfcrowd.com Українська 9.1 Citations Young Evil God of Death[3] 10 Bibliography Military career 中文 11 Further reading Edit links Allegiance Weimar Republic 12 External links (1922–1931) Nazi Germany (1931– 1942) Early life [ edit ] Service/branch Reichsmarine Schutzstaffel Heydrich[5] was born in 1904 in Halle an der Saale to Luftwaffe composer and opera singer Richard Bruno Heydrich Years of 1922–1942 and his wife Elisabeth Anna Maria Amalia Krantz. His service mother was Roman Catholic.[6] His two forenames Rank Oberleutnant zur See were patriotic musical tributes: "Reinhard" referred to (Reichsmarine) the tragic hero from his father's opera Amen, and Major of the Reserve "Tristan" stems from Richard Wagner's Tristan und (Luftwaffe) Isolde. Heydrich's third name, "Eugen", was his late SS- maternal grandfather's forename (Professor Eugen Obergruppenführer und Krantz had been the director of the Dresden Royal General der Polizei Conservatory).[7] Commands Reich Main Security Office held Heydrich was born into a family of social standing and Battles/wars Second World War substantial financial means. Music was a part of Awards German Order Heydrich's everyday life; his father founded the Halle (posthumous) Conservatory of Music, Theatre and Teaching and Blood Order (posthumous) his mother taught piano there.[8] Heydrich developed War Merit Cross 1st Class a passion for the violin and carried that interest into with Swords (posthumous) Wound Badge in Gold adulthood; he impressed listeners with his musical (posthumous) open in browser PRO version Are you a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API pdfcrowd.com (posthumous) [9] talent. Iron Cross First Class His father was a German nationalist who instilled (1941) Luftwaffe Pilot's Badge patriotic ideas in his three children, but was not Combat Clasp for affiliated with any political party until after World War Reconnaissance in Silver I.[10] The Heydrich household was strict. As a youth, (1941) he engaged his younger brother, Heinz, in mock Nazi Party Long Service fencing duels. Heydrich was very intelligent and Award Third Class (10 Years Service) excelled in his schoolwork—especially in science—at Police Long Service Award [11] the "Reformgymnasium". A talented athlete, he Second Class (18 Years became an expert swimmer and fencer.[9] He was shy, Service) insecure, and was frequently bullied for his high- SS-Honour Ring Honour Sword of the pitched voice and rumoured Jewish ancestry.[12] The Reichsführers-SS latter claim earned him the nickname "Moses Honour Chevron for the Old Handel".[13] Guard SS Long Service Award (12 In 1918, World War I ended with Germany's defeat. In Years Service) late February 1919, civil unrest—including strikes Grand Officer of the Order of and clashes between communist and anti-communist Saints Maurice and Lazarus groups—took place in Heydrich's home town of Halle. of Italy (1937) Knight Grand Cross of the Under Defence Minister Gustav Noske's directives, a Order of the Crown of Italy right-wing paramilitary unit was formed and ordered (1938) to "recapture" Halle. [14] Heydrich, then 15 years old, joined Maercker's Volunteer Rifles (the first Freikorps unit). When the skirmishes ended, Heydrich was part of the force assigned to protect private property.[15] Little is known about his role, but the events left a strong impression; it was a "political awakening" for him.[15] He joined the Deutschvölkischer Schutz und Trutzbund (National German Protection and Shelter League), an open in browser PRO version Are you a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API pdfcrowd.com anti-Semitic organisation.[16] As a result of the conditions of the Treaty of Versailles, hyperinflation spread across Germany and many lost their life savings. Halle was not spared. By 1921, few townspeople there could afford a musical education at Bruno Heydrich's conservatory. This led to a financial crisis for the Heydrich family.[17] Naval career [ edit ] In 1922 Heydrich joined the German Navy (Reichsmarine), taking advantage of the security, structure, and pension it offered. He became a naval cadet at Kiel, Germany's primary naval base. On 1 April 1924 he was promoted to senior midshipman (Oberfähnrich zur See) and sent to officer training at the Naval Academy Mürwik.[18] In 1926 he advanced to the rank of ensign (Leutnant zur See) and was assigned as a signals officer on the battleship Schleswig-Holstein, the flagship of Germany's North Sea Fleet. With the promotion came greater recognition. He received good evaluations from his superiors and had few problems with other crewmen. He was promoted on 1 July 1928 to the rank of sub-lieutenant (Oberleutnant zur See).