APPENDIX-G AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION SYSTEM APPENDIX-G AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION SYSTEM Contents Page Chapter G-1 AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AND RURAL .............................. G-1 INFRASTRUCTURES IN THE STUDY AREA G-1.1 Canals ......................................................................................................... G-1 G-1.2 Reservoirs ................................................................................................... G-1 G-1.3 Roads .......................................................................................................... G-2 G-1.4 Other Infrastructures ....................................................................................G-2 G-1.5 Organizations Related to Agricultural Production and Rural Infrastructures ........................................................................................... G-2 G-1.6 Projects on Infrastructures in/around the Study Area .................................... G-3 Chapter G-2 UPPER SLAKOU RIVER IRRIGATION RECONSTRUCTION .......... G-6 PLAN G-2.1 Development Alternatives of Diversion System ........................................... G-6 G-2.2 Development Alternatives of Irrigation Area.................................................. G-8 G-2.3 Possible Development of Koh Kaek Canal Command Area ......................... G-10 G-2.4 Related Facilities on USP .......................................................................... G-12 G-2.5 Water Management and Operation ............................................................. G-12 G-2.6 Maintenance .............................................................................................. G-18 G-2.7 Drainage in USP Area ............................................................................... G-20 Chapter G-3 SMALL RESERVOIR REHABILITATION PLAN ............................. G-22 G-3.1 Irrigation System of Ang 160 SRP ............................................................... G-22 G-3.2 Irrigation System of Kim Sei SRP................................................................ G-22 Chapter G-4 SMALL POND DEVELOPMENT PLAN .......................................... G-24 G-4.1 Project Formulation ..................................................................................... G-24 G-4.2 Demonstration Plot at DWRAM Takeo........................................................ G-25 List of Tables Page Table G-1 List of Existing Canals by Commune ................................................G-T1 Table G-2 List of Existing Canals by System .....................................................G-T3 G - i Table G-3 Existing Small Reservoirs in the Study Area .....................................G-T4 Table G-4 List of Roads by Commune in the Study Area .....................................G-T5 Table G-5 Number of Wells by Commune..........................................................G-T12 Table G-6 Number of Latrines by Commune......................................................G-T12 Table G-7 Number of Primary School, Classroom, Classes and Students in the Related Districts ..............................................................................G-T13 Table G-8 Priority Projects on Infrastructures in the Tram Kak District Development Plan for the Year 2001 - 2005 ....................................G-T14 Table G-9 Projects and Programs Related to Infrastructures in/around the Study Area ......................................................................................G-T16 Table G-10 Construction Cost of Revised M/P for Main Canal ............................G-T17 Table G-11 Construction Cost of Alternative-1 for Main Canals ..........................G-T18 Table G-12 Construction Cost of Alternative-2 for Main Canal............................G-T19 Table G-13 Modified Small Reservoir Rehabilitation Plan ...................................G-T20 Table G-14 Half-monthly Irrigation Water Requirement by Canal........................G-T21 Table G-15 Water Distribution Schedule by Tertiary Block ..................................G-T24 List of Figures Page Fig. G-1 Existing Diversion Canals ................................................................. G-F1 Fig. G-2 Irrigation Diagram of Revised Master Plan ........................................ G-F2 Fig. G-3 Irrigation Diagram of Alternative-1 ................................................... G-F3 Fig. G-4 Irrigation Diagram of Alternative-2 ..................................................... G-F4 Fig. G-5 Minutes of Meeting with Related Officials of Koh Kaek Canal Command Area ................................................................................. G-F5 Fig. G-6 Utilization of the Existing Koh Kaek Main Canal .............................. G-F6 Fig. G-7 Drainage System of USP Area .......................................................... G-F7 Fig. G-8 A Prototype Irrigation Layout Plan of Ang 160 SRP ......................... G-F8 Fig. G-9 A Prototype Irrigation Layout Plan of Kim Sei SRP .......................... G-F9 Fig. G-10 Layout Plan of the Demonstration Plot .............................................. G-F1 G - ii APPENDIX-G AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION SYSTEM CHAPTER G-1 AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AND RURAL INFRASTRUCTURES IN THE STUDY AREA G-1.1 Canals Present condition of existing irrigation and drainage system was confirmed in the following manner. - Inventory Survey - Survey at District and Communes - Site Inspection Procedure of the inventory survey including survey forms is given in the “Planning Guideline for Rehabilitation and Reconstruction of Irrigation Systems in the Kingdom of Cambodia” (hereinafter referred to as “Guideline”). Results of the survey are given in the Main Report (Section II-1.6). During the first field study period, information on the existing canals was collected and confirmed at commune level. The information includes name, length, dimension and location of the canals, irrigation capacity (area) at present, direction of the water flow, and present condition. The results are given in Table G-1. According to the results of the survey, total length of major irrigation canals amounts to 453 km with present irrigation capacity of 14,533 ha in the rainy season. Table G-2 shows a list of the canals by system. G-1.2 Reservoirs There are a number of small reservoirs in the Study Area. They were constructed along (on the upstream side of ) roads with gate structures (stop log) and culverts as “intake cum spillway”. Constructed during the Pol Pot Regime, most reservoirs have malfunctioned due to sedimentation and flood damage to the dikes or structures. Few reservoirs are being used for the dry season cultivation. It seems that no proper design and planning were made for optimizing the scale of the reservoirs. There are 31 reservoirs in the Study Area as shown in Table G-3. Roles and benefit of the reservoirs in the Study Area are considered as follows: G-1 - Regulation in water distribution, - Supplemental irrigation for the main crops (paddy rice) in the rainy season, and - Planting of paddy rice in early rainy season, which enables two cropping in a year. G-1.3 Roads Condition of the existing roads is mentioned in the Main Report, II-1.9.1 “Rural Road” and illustrated in Fig. II-1.9.1. Details of the existing roads such as length, width, road surface, present condition, related improvement programs and their funding agencies are given in Table G-4. G-1.4 Other Infrastructures Numbers of wells for domestic purposes, latrines, primary schools, etc. which are explained in the Main Report, II-1.9.2 “Other Infrastructures” are given in Table G-5, G-6, and G-7, respectively. G-1.5 Organizations Related to Agricultural Production and Rural Infrastructures (1) Department of Water Resources and Meteorology (DWRAM) Details on MOWRAM and DWRAM are mentioned in the Main Report, Section I-2.5 “MOWRAM”. (2) Department of Rural Development (DRD) Organization of Department of Rural Development (hereinafter referred to as DRD) is given below. Director Development Rural Water Health Community Admini- and Training Economy Supply Care Development stration Center Development Angkor Bati Kirivong Borei Cholsa Doun Kaev Tram Kak Treang Samraong Koh Andet Prey Kabas Borei Provincial Direction of Rural Development Development Training Center is in charge of guidance and training on operation and G-2 maintenance of equipment such as pumps, engines, etc. The center also carries out some vocational training like weaving for both male and female. Rural Economy Development Section deals with credit and rice bank related to development works. Water Supply Section mainly deals with development of wells in rural areas. Shallow closed wells (tube well) with hand pumps are mainly provided to the rural areas incorporated in the programs of the RGC, NGOs and IOs. Rural Health Care Section is in charge of introducing and spreading of sanitation facilities (latrine) and health education. Community Development Section deals with community-based development including small irrigation, road improvement, community center, food security (food for work), etc. (3) Local Administration Local administration such as Provincial Office, District Office, Commune, and village are closely involved in development activities. Provincial Rural Development Committee (PRDC) is the top management chaired by the Governor. The committee consists of about 30 members including chiefs of line agencies related to agricultural and rural development. Under the committee, development committees are organized at commune