DOCUMENT RESUME ED 341 242 FL 019 998 AUTHOR Fisiak, Jacek, Ed. TITLE Papers and Studies in Contrastive Linguistics, Volume Twenty-Two. The Polish-English Contrastive Project. INSTITUTION Adam Mickiewicz Univ. in Poznan (Poland).; Center for Applied Linguistics, Washington, D.C. SPONS AGENCY Office of Educational Research and Improvement (ED), Washington, DC. REPORT NO ISBN-83-232-0104-8; ISSN-0137-2459 PUB DATE 88 NOTE 240p. PUB TYPE Collected Works - Serials (022) JOURNAL CIT Papers and Studies in Contrastive Linguistics; v22 1988 EDRS PRICE MF01/PC10 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Arabic; Bilingualism; *Comparative Analysis; Consonants; *Contrastive Linguistics; Discourse Analysis; English (Second Language); Language Acquisition; *Language Classification; Lexicology; *Polish; Sentence Structure; *Structural Analysis (Linguistics); Uncommonly Taught Languages; Word Lists IDENTIFIERS Polish English Contrastive Project ABSTRACT Fifteen articles are presented in this collection on contrastive linguistics: "On Syntactic Levels--One Tertium Comparison is in Contrastive Linguistics" (L. F. Jakobsen and J.Olsen); "EquivElence in Bi1ingui.1 Lexicography: From Correspondence Relation to Communicative Strategy" (R. R. K. Hartmann); "How Useful Are Word Lists in Contrastive Analysis?" (J. L. Wyatt); "Coarticulatory Propensity: The Case of English and Polish Consonant Clusters" (S. Puppel); "Some General Remarks on Ulrich Blau's Interpretation of Sentences with Referential Put Actually Nonreferring Expression Co-occurring with Referential Predicates" (E. Mioduszewska); "Post-transforma6ional Stem Derivation in Fox" (I. Goddard); "Notes on Subjacency as a Syntactic Constraint in Arabic and English"(M. J. Bakir); "The Intonation of Questions in English and Arabic" (S. El-Hassan); "Some Cases of Lexicalization" (B. Korponay); "Contrastive Analysis at Discourse Level and the Communicative Teaching of Languages" (S. Marmaridou); "Connecting Ll and FL in Discourse-Level Performance Analysis" (L. S. Evensen and I. L. Rygh); "How Do Poles Perform English 'Tips of the Slung'?" (K. Dziubalska-Kolaczyk); "Contrastive Studies and the Problem of Equivalence in Translation" (G. Weise); "Accuracy Order for English as a Foreign Language in Pol?nd" (B. Krakowian); and"A Study of Some Factors Affecting the Sequence and Rate of Acquisition of ESL by Adult Refugees in Western Pennsylvania" (M. Siudek).(LB) * ********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** FO RTHCOMING PSiCL XXIII PAPERS Fier Aarts and Herman Weltker (Nijmegen):Contrastive grammar: theory and practice Wolf-Peter Funk (Berlin): On the semantic andmorphologioal status of reversativs verbs in English and German Roman Kalisz (Gdansk): The problem of directionalityin contrastive studies based on cogni- tive linguistics Adam Wdjeicki (Warsaw): Towards contrastivemorphology: the comparative degreeof Polish and English adjedives Pierre Swiggers (Leuven): Dutch loanwords in Munsee: thecontrastive phonology of borrow- ing Hanna Y. Tusliyeh (Bethlehem, West Bank): Transferand related strategies in theacquisi- tion of English rdative clauses by adult Arab learners Boiena Pasternak-Cetnarowska (Katowice): Onthe disparity between morphologicaland semantic structure of derivatives John P. Kirby (Antwerp): English verbal complements,Dutch-speaking learners and the role of length: an investigation of error in c le area ofEnglish grammar Maeiej Pakosz (Lublin): Tonic prominence andthe coding of thematic-rhematiorelations Adela Grygar.Reehziegol (Amsterdam): On quantifiersand negation in Czech REVIEW Mary Snell-Hamby. I 981 Verb desoriptivity inGerman and English: a constrastivestudy in semantic fields. (Barbara Lawandowska-Toznaszezykand Jerzy Tomaiszczyk) BIBLIOGRAPHY Larry Selinker and Ahmed Faldtri (Michigan): .lnannotated bibliography of U.8, Ph. D. dissertations in contraiiee linguistics; 1970 - 1983 THE POL1SH-ENGLISH CONTRASTIVEPROJECT PAPERS AND STUDIES IN CONTRASTIVELINGUISTICS VOLUME TWENTY TWO Editor: JACEK F18.1.4K Auistant to the editor: KRYSTYNA DROZDZIAL-SZELEST Advisory Board Chairman: Nils Erik Enkvist (Abo) Vice-Chairman: A. Hood Roberts (Washington) Members W.-D. Bald (Aachen) Andri Jolly (Lille) Rolf Berndt (Rostock) Dieter Kaitovsky (Vienna) Broder Carsteneen (Paderborn) Wolfgang Kuhlwein (Trier) Dumitru Chitoran (Bucharest) Liam Mao Mathuna (Dublin) Lank: Demo (Budapest) Lewis Mukettash (Amman) Robert di Pietro (Weahington) Gerhard Nickel (Stuttgart) Stig Eliasson (Uppsala) Kari 88j:wears (Jyviskylii) L. K. Engels (Leuvc .) Michael Sherwood Smith (Utrecht) Rudolf Filipovió (Zagreb) Roland Sussex (Melbourne) Thomas Fraser (Lille) Jan Svartvik (Lund) Udo Fries (Zurich) Shivendra Kiehore Verma (Hyderabad) Stig Johansson (Oslo) Werner Winter (Kiel) POZNAN" 1988 ADAM MICKIEWICZ UNIVERSITY, POZNAN" CENTER FOR APPLIED LINGUISTICS,WASHINGTON, D.C. Proof-reading: Andrzej Pietrzak Technical layout: Jacek Grzeikowiak ISBN 83-232-0104-8 ISSN 0137-2459 WYDAWWICITWOIfAXIXOVFX:UXIN/111,13YTIITII IX. A. XICILIEWICZA 3lakla4 1410+80 ows. Ark. wyd. 11,115. Ark.des*. 14,115. Papior druk. ost. kl. III. EC c 70)(100. Oddaso do skludenis 11 IV1983 r. Podigowo do drag 13 I 18 r. Druk ukorkoceo w !Ana 1288 r. taas. ar 101107.esza a 140. DIIITSCAZNIA IIIIIWIUTTITI1 Ilk.A. MCNIXWICI141. W l'OZNARI17 5 TAI3LE OF CONTENTS Ilsbeth Fa later Jakobsen and Jergen Olsen(Copenhagen): On syntaotio levels one tertium oomparationis iii isontrastive linguistics R. R. K. Hartmann (Exeter): Eguivaleswein bilingual lexioography: fromnor- respondence relation to communicative strategy 21 James L. Wyatt (Tallahassee): How toefulam word lists in contrastive analysis? 29 Stanislaw Puppel (Poznan): Maraca:slatypropensity: the case of English and Polish consonant dusters 39 Ewa Mioduszewska (Warsaw): Some generalremarks on Ulrioh Blases interpretation of senlessoes with referential Out actuallynonrefening expressions co-oocurrint, with referential poldioates 50 Ives Goddard (Washington, 1). C.): Post-fransformationalstem derivation in Fox 59 Murtadha 3. Bakir (Baarah): Noteson subjaoency as a ayntactio constraint in Arabic and English 73 Shahir El-Haasan (Jordan): The intonation ofquestions in English and Arabia . 97 Bala Korponay (Debrecen): SOMeoases of lexioalization 109 Sophia Marmaridou (Athena): Contrastive analysisat disoourse level and the oom- munioative geaohing of languages 123 Lars Sigfred Evanson and Irmgard Lintermann Rygh(Trondheim): Connecting Li and FL in discourse-level performanoe analysis 133 Katarzyna Dziubalska-Kolaczyk (Poznan): Howdo Poles perform English "tips of ths slung"? 179 . Gunter Weise (Halle): Contrastive studies and the problemof equivalenoe in granola- lion 187 Bogdan Krakowian (Lodi): Aocuraoy orderfor English as a foreign language in Poland 195 Margaret Siudek (Letchworth): A study oftome factors qffecting tho sequence and rote of aoquisition of ESL by adult refugus in WesternPennsylvania 203 ON SYNTACTIC LEVELS ONE TERTI131 COMPARATIONIS IN CONTRASTIVE LINGUISTICS* LISBETH FALSTNE JAROBSEN AND JORGEN OLSEN thrivereir of Copan &sees In contrastive linguistiLi one aim is to establish theoretically sound and valid models for description; in otlwr words to find the appropriate tertium comparationis, which is proper for the occasion. This article is meant to contribute to this aim; when occasionallywe refer to treatments of the subject in foreign language grammars, it is because, first thosegrammars are the sole entry to studying the grammar of tit,foreign language and secondly they all have some theoretical basis or fundamental concept, however vague and implicit. In both the traditional source language grammars and the target language grammars, it is striking that generally much attention is paid to the elements of sentence, especially to their form and sometimes to their definition, too. The interest taken in the elements of the sentence connects closely with the interest taken in the surface structures and in a receptive approach to lan- guage. Normally the elements of the sentence are treated us classes: first the subjects, then the objects etcetera;on rare occasions you find a description of how to combine elements of the sent,we in a specific production of sentences. And if you put the question, whysome sentence has materialized just, this number of elements there is no answer: in the traditional grammars i.e. before the era of TG there is no treatnwnt of principles of conjoining the elements of the sentence. Recently valencygrammar, a theory which is quite closely related to Surritee structure, has been the most rewarding attempt to improve these shortcomings, but somehow it has not, prospered according to its deserts especially in foreign language grammars. Before trying to substantiate this ciim,we want to touch briefly on why vakney grammar is a suitabh basis for sonic parts of foreign language grammar. If foreign languagegramniar intends among other things to give in- * We want to expreaR our sine,)re gratitude to Mr. Cay Dollerup and Mr. Steen Sehoushoe, the English Department, University of Coperthagen, for a revisior. of our English. 7 6 L. P. Jakobsen sad I. Olsen struetions how to construct correct sentences, this kind of grammar must necessarily refer closely to surface structure and emphasize correctexpressions. Moreover it must focus on the points where the expression of theforeign language is especially