Hur, Jai‐Joon [email protected] .kr 24‐25 Oct. 2013, New Delhi Korea Labor Institute 12th India‐Korea Dialogue: Forty Years of India‐Korea Diplomatic Relations and Roadmap for a More Intensified Partnership Contents y Several snapshots of India or Indians in Korea y Some facts about cross‐border movement of persons y A way for bridging the distance 2 Indian Authors in Korea: surprisingly few and limited y Bhagavadgita: Ghandi, Sri Sankaracharya y Ramayana: R.K. Narayan, C. Rajagopalachari, not Valmiki’s original Sanskrit text y Kalidasa’s Meghaduta, Sakuntala y Mahabharata: Sanskrit text being translated by Gyeongsook Park, 5 volumes completed y Bu ddhis t StSutras: from AitAncient Chinese → retltdtranslated from PliPali y Ghandi, Neru y Amartya Sen 3 Indians into Koreay Taking opportunity of IT booms in 2001‐02 and IT firms start‐up, y Shortage of S/W engineers y Diversification of ethnic restaurants y Korean, Chinese, Japanese only → + Italian, French → + Thai, Indian, Russian, etc. y Now participates in joint‐business start‐up 4 Korea‐India CEPA in 2010: a good momentum y Trade growth 40.7% in 2010, 20.4% in 2011: export 42.7%, import 37.0% (cf. total trade growth 28.3%) y 7th export partner, 16th import partner y Commitment on movement of natural persons made for the first time in Korea’s FTA, including commitment on IP’s 5 Cultural Exchanges and Interactions y Joint Cultural Committee in 2009 committed more proactive cultural exchange y Korean dramas in Indian public TV: <Haeshin> and <Daejangeum> y Korean movies in India: <Arahan>, <Monster>, <D‐ War> y Indian movies in Korea: <My name is Khan>, <3 idiots> y July 2011 India Cultural Center in Seoul, Dec. 2012 Korea Cultural Center in Delhi 6 Changes of view about India: balanced? y Traditional: spiritual land y Land of Yogi, meditation, Buddha y Journalists and entrepreneurs: rising economy y BRICs, Big elephant rising, investment, Tata, Reliance, Wipro, etc y Academics and indologists: country of thousands of faces y “Incredibly diverse/optimistic/secular…” 7 Cultural and Personal Exchanges Still Limited y As of 2012, only seven Indians visited Korea for cultural and artistic activity y Thirty journalists came to Korea for newsgathering and coverage y Fifty‐six Indians came into Korea for religious activity y In 2012, 232 Indians stayed in Korea for investment purposes, 265 Indians as intra‐corporate transferees, 248 Indians for trades, and 862 Indians for research purposes. y In total, Indians accounted for about 0.6% of total foreign arrivals/stayers/students in Korea 8 Indian Visitors 60,000 0.8 y Increased in number up 0.7 50,000 to 56,000 in 2012, but 060.6 slightly declining in 40,000 0.5 relative proportion in 30,000 0.4 recent years 0.3 20,000 y India’s economic slow‐ 0.2 down seems responsible 10,000 0.1 for it ‐ 0.0 05 09 10 11 12 No. of Indian entrants(persons, left axis) Ratio, over total foreign entrants(%, right axis) 9 Stayers 9,000 0.9 y Increased in number up 8,000 0.8 to 8,300 in 2012, stable in 7,000 0.7 relative proportion since 6,000 0.6 2009 5,000 0.5 4,000 0.4 y Increased economic and 3,000 0.3 cultural exchanges 2,000 0.2 account for the trend 1,000 0.1 ‐ 0.0 05 09 10 11 12 No. of Indian stayers(persons, left axis) Ratio, over total foreign stayers(%, right axis) 10 Non‐legitimate stayers 3,500 1.8 y Declining both in 1.6 3,000 number and proportion 1.4 2,500 1.2 y Cross‐bdborder movement 2,000 1.0 of Indians becomes more 1,500 080.8 sound 0.6 1,000 0.4 500 0.2 ‐ 0.0 05 09 10 11 12 No. of Indian non‐legitimate stayers(persons, left axis) Ratio, over total non‐legitimate foreign stayers(%, right axis) 11 Indians in Korean firms & Koreans in Indian firms (Hur 2011) y Indians in Korean firms are found mainly in IT firms y Those in large Korean firms are recruited in India and sent to Korea y Those in SMEs are employed due to SME subsidy ppgrogram for skilled foreigners y Korean workers employed by Indian firms work in business relation w/ Korean firms y For example, Indian firms in logistic sector such as forwarding company which want to business w/ Korean firms employ Korean workers in India 12 Indians in Korea y Think it pays to work in Korea y for its high salary y because it can be a stepping stone before they go to American firms y Have difficulties y in communication w/ colleagues, y for lack of cons ide rat io n for vegetari an adand regoeligion 13 Koreans in India y Are ready to invest a part of their work‐life for future chance y and/or paid iilinternational market wage y Express their discomfort for y public services, security, water and electricity, 14 For bridging the distance, we need y Closer economic partnership and increased trade y To be more proactive in visa issuance and in facilitating resident status y To make joint efforts to improve infrastructure in India y More Indologists and Indology classes in Korea, Koreanologists and Koreanology classes in India y Exhibitions of India’s cultural heritages and modern paintings in Korea and vice versa y To show audio‐visual programs on constant basis in Seoul and Delhi cultural centers and to regularize exchanges of cultural programs y To support, in pp,articular, youth exchange pgprograms 15 y Socio‐Cultural distance? y Yes, the distance seems considerable for the moment. Let’s not deny it. y It will continue w/ shortage of our efforts and consideration. y But it is not a bridge too far. It can be narrowed down. y We are here for it! Thank you 16.