Rochester Institute of Technology RIT Scholar Works Theses 9-1-2001 Hardware Implementation of JPEG-LS codec Michael Piorun Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.rit.edu/theses Recommended Citation Piorun, Michael, "Hardware Implementation of JPEG-LS codec" (2001). Thesis. Rochester Institute of Technology. Accessed from This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by RIT Scholar Works. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses by an authorized administrator of RIT Scholar Works. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Hardware Implementation of a JPEG-LS Codec ! "#! ! Michael Piorun $!%&'()(!*+",)--'.! )/! 012-)13!4+35)33,'/-!65!-&'! 7'8+)2','/-(!562!-&'!9':2''!65! ;$*%<7!=4!*>?<@><! )/! >6,A+-'2!</:)/''2)/:! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! $AA26B'.!"#C! ! ! Principal AdvisorDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD! $/.2'1(!<E!*1B1F)(G!$((6H)1-'!0265'((62!1/.!9'A12-,'/-!I'1.! ! Committee MemberDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD! 76#!*E!>J'2/)F6K(F)G!0265'((62! ! Committee MemberDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD! L'//'-&!ME!I(+G!0265'((62! ! 9'A12-,'/-!65!>6,A+-'2!</:)/''2)/:! >633':'!65!</:)/''2)/:! 76H&'(-'2!?/(-)-+-'!65!%'H&/636:#! 76H&'(-'2G!@'K!N62F! *'A-',"'2!OPPQ! RELEASE PERMISSION FORM ! Rochester Institute of Technology Hardware Implementation of a JPEG-LS Codec! ! ! ! ! ?G!;)H&1'3!0)62+/G!&'2'"#!:21/-!A'2,)(()6/!-6!-&'!M1331H'!R)"212#!1/.!-&'!9'A12-,'/-!65! >6,A+-'2!</:)/''2)/:!1-!-&'!76H&'(-'2!?/(-)-+-'!65!%'H&/636:#!-6!2'A26.+H'!,#!-&'()(!)/!K&63'! 62!)/!A12-E!!$/#!2'A26.+H-)6/!K)33!/6-!"'!562!H6,,'2H)13!+('!62!A265)-E! ! ! ! ! ! ! ______________________________________________ ;)H&1'3!9E!0)62+/! ! ! DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD! 91-'! ! ! Abstract ! %&'!A2),12#!:613!65!-&)(!-&'()(!)(!-6!),A3','/-!1!&12.K12'!B'2()6/!65!-&'!S0<TUR*G!62!S0<TU R6((3'((G! ),1:'! H6,A2'(()6/! 13:62)-&,! )/! VI9RE! ! %&'! S0<TUR*! 13:62)-&,! )(! H+22'/-3#! -&'! .'():/1-'.! (-1/.12.! 562! 36((3'((! H6,A2'(()6/! 65! :21#(H13'! 1/.! H6362! ),1:'(! "#! -&'! S0<T! H6,,)--''E! ! $3-&6+:&! 36((#! ),1:'! H6,A2'(()6/! )(! K).'3#! +('.! K&'/! .'13)/:! K)-&! :21#(H13'! ),1:'(G!-&'2'!12'!(6,'!1AA3)H1-)6/(!-&1-!2'8+)2'!36((3'((!),1:'!H6,A2'(()6/!(6!-&1-!-&'!62):)/13! ),1:'!,1#!"'!2'H6B'2'.E!!%&)(!)(!65-'/!-&'!H1('!562!&)(-62)H13!1/.!3':13!.6H+,'/-!),1:'!12H&)B'(G! ,'.)H13!1/.!(1-'33)-'!),1:'2#G!1/.!")6,'-2)H!),1:'(E!!! ! %&'!S0<TUR*!13:62)-&,!)(!,+H&!3'((!H6,A3'W!-&1/!6-&'2!H+22'/-!36((3'((!),1:'!H6,A2'(()6/! 13:62)-&,(! 1/.! 655'2(! (),)312! 62! "'--'2! H6,A2'(()6/! :1)/(E! ! @'12U36((3'((! H6,A2'(()6/! 655'2(! &):&'2!H6,A2'(()6/!:1)/(!"#!+()/:!1!A)W'3!-63'21/H'!(A'H)5)'.!"#!-&'!+('2E!!!!%&'!13:62)-&,!+('(!1! A2'.)H-)B'!-'H&/)8+'!562!H6,A2'(()6/G!1/.!-&'!2'(+3-)/:!A2'.)H-)6/!'2262!)(!'/H6.'.G!/6-!-&'!A)W'3! B13+'!)-('35E!!%&)(!A2'.)H-)6/!'2262!)(!'/H6.'.!K)-&!T636,"U7)H'!H6.)/:G!K&)H&!)(!6A-),13!562!1! :'6,'-2)H!.)(-2)"+-)6/!(+H&!1(!A2'.)H-)6/!'2262E!!%&'!A2'.)H-62!'/-'2(!1!(A'H)13!2+/U3'/:-&!,6.'!-6! '/H6.'!A)W'3(!K)-&!).'/-)H13!B13+'(!)/!36((3'((!,6.'!X62!/'123#!).'/-)H13!B13+'(!K)-&)/!1!F/6K/! B13+'!)/!/'12U36((3'((!,6.'YG!K&)H&!,1W),)J'(!H6,A2'(()6/!5+2-&'2E!!! ! ?/!-&)(!-&'()(G!-&'!S0<TUR*!13:62)-&,!)(!),A3','/-'.!)/!>G!VI9RG!1/.!5+2-&'2!(#/-&'()J'.!+()/:! -&'!*#/6A(#(!(#/-&'()(!-663!(+)-'E!!0)H-62)13G!.6H+,'/-G!,'.)H13G!2',6-'!('/()/:G!1/.!")6,'-2)H! ),1:'(! 12'! +('.! 562! -'(-)/:! -&'! A26Z'H-! 1:1)/(-! 1/6-&'2! (-1/.12.UH6,A3)1/-! (65-K12'! ),A3','/-1-)6/E! ! %&'! H6,A2'(()6/! 21-)6! 562! 36((3'((! H6,A2'(()6/! )(! 1AA26W),1-'3#! O! 1/.! )(! :2'1-'2!562!/'12U36((3'((!H6,A2'(()6/E!!%&'!'/.!2'(+3-!)(!1!*#/6A(#(!(H&',1-)H!-&1-!2'A2'('/-(!1! S0<TUR*! H6.'HG! K&)H&! )(! H1A1"3'! 65! 36((3'((! 1/.! /'12U36((3'((! '/H6.)/:! 1/.! .'H6.)/:E!!! 0'2562,1/H'!H&121H-'2)(-)H(!(+H&!1(!H&)A!12'1G!(A''.G!1/.!A6K'2!H6/(+,A-)6/!12'!'W-21H-'.!526,! -&'! (#/-&'()(! -663E! %&'('! 12'! 1AA26W),1-'3#! [\]GPPP! :1-'(G! 1! Q]! /(! H36HF! H#H3'G! 1/.! ]^! ,M! 2'(A'H-)B'3#E!!$!&12.K12'!),A3','/-1-)6/!65!-&)(!13:62)-&,!6/!1/!40T$!62!$*?>!K6+3.!:)B'!1! .):)-13!H1,'21!62!(H1//'2!1/!'.:'!)/!-&'!,12F'-A31H'E! Acknowledgements %&'!1+-&62!K6+3.!3)F'!-6!1HF/6K3'.:'!-&'!,',"'2(!65!-&'!-&'()(!H6,,)--''!562!-&')2!:+).1/H'! 1/.!1(()(-1/H'!K)-&!-&'!A26Z'H-C!!92E!$/.2'1(!*1B1F)(G!92E!76#!>J'2/)F6K(F)G!1/.!92E!L'/!I(+G! 1/.!13(6!51,)3#!1/.!52)'/.(!562!-&')2!(+AA62-E !)) Table of Contents ! List of Figures...................................................................................................................vi! List of Tables....................................................................................................................vii! Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 2! 1! Information Coding Theory .....................................................................................4! 1.1! Entropy................................................................................................................ 4! 1.2! Huffman Coding .................................................................................................. 6! 1.3! Arithmetic Coding ............................................................................................... 8! 1.4! Golomb-Rice Coding......................................................................................... 10! 1.5! Run-Length Coding ........................................................................................... 12! 2! Image Compression Theory ................................................................................... 13! 2.1! Image Compression Background ...................................................................... 13! OEQEQ! %#A'(!65!>6,A2'(()6/EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE Q[! OEQEQEQ! R6((#!>6,A2'(()6/ EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE Q_! OEQEQEO! R6((3'((!>6,A2'(()6/ EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE Q_! OEQEQE[! @'12UR6((3'((!>6,A2'(()6/ EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE Q]! OEQEO! %21/(562,!>6.)/: EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE Q]! OEQEOEQ! L12&+/'/UR6`B'!%21/(562,!XLR%Y EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE Qa! OEQEOEO! 9)(H2'-'!>6()/'!%21/(562,!X9>%YEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE Qa! OEQEOE[! 9)(H2'-'!M1B'3'-!%21/(562,!X9M%YEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE Qa! OEQE[! 02'.)H-)6/Ub1('.!>6.)/:EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE Q\! OEQE[EQ! R6((#!02'.)H-)B'!>6.)/: EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE Qc! OEQE[EO! R6((3'((!02'.)H-)B'!>6.)/: EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE OP! OEQE_! b)-!031/'!</H6.)/:EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE OP! OEQE]! R6((#U+A6/UR6((3'((!;'-&6.!562!@'12UR6((3'((!>6.)/: EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE OO! 2.2! Image Compression Algorithms........................................................................ 23! OEOEQ! S0<T!>6,A2'(()6/!;'-&6. EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE O[! OEOEQEQ! b1('3)/'!S0<T!;'-&6.EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE O[! OEOEQEO! R6((3'((!S0<T!;'-&6.EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE O_! OEOEO! T?4!1/.!0@TEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE O_! OEOE[! >$R?>C!>6/-'W-U"1('.!$.1A-)B'!R6((3'((!?,1:'!>6.'H EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE O]! OEOE_! 4<R?>*C!41(-!<55)H)'/-!R6((3'((!?,1:'!>6,A2'(()6/!*#(-', EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE Oa! OEOE]! *d0!%21/(562, EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE O\! OEOEa! Sb?T!e!Sb?TOEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE Oc! OEOE\! S0<T!OPPPEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE [P! OEOEc! =-&'2!>6,A2'(()6/!$3:62)-&,( EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE [Q! !))) OEOE^! >6,A12)(6/!65!R6((3'((!>6,A2'(()6/!$3:62)-&,(!-6!S0<TUR*EEEEEEEEEEEEEEE[Q! 3! Design of the JPEG-LS Encoder and Decoder ..................................................... 33! 3.1! Algorithm Description....................................................................................... 33! [EQEQ! =B'2B)'K EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE [[! [EQEO! >6/-'W-!;6.'3)/:EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE [_! [EQE[! 7':+312!;6.'!026H'(()/:EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE [\! [EQE[EQ! 02'.)H-62 EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE [\! [EQE[EO! 02'.)H-)6/!<2262!;1AA)/:!1/.!</H6.)/: EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE [c! [EQE[E[! >6/-'W-!V12)1"3'(!fA.1-' EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE [^! [EQE_! 7+/!;6.'!026H'(()/:EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE _P! [EQE_EQ! 7+/!*H1//)/:!1/.!7+/U3'/:-&!>6.)/:EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE_P! [EQE_EO! 7+/!?/-'22+A-)6/!>6.)/: EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE_Q! [EQE]!