EUROPEAN MOZART WAYS MEMBER GUIDE 2009 Austria - Belgium - France - Germany Great Britain - Italy – Netherlands Slovakia - Switzerland - Czech Republic INDEX OF CONTENTS AUSTRIA: NETHERLANDS: WIEN INNSBRUCK SWITZERLAND: LINZ ZURICH PROCINCE OF SALZBURG CITY OF SALZBURG SLOVAKIA: St.GILGEN BRATISLAVA BELGIUM: GERMANY: AUGSBURG BAD REICHENHALL BONN FRANKFURT KIRCHHEIMBOLANDEN KOBLENZ MAINZ MANNHEIM MUNCHEN NEUBURG an der DONAU OFFENBACH SCHWETZINGEN CZECH REPUBLIC: BRNO OLOMOUC PRAGUE FRANCE : REGION BAS-RHIN / STRASBOURG PARIS GREAT BRITAIN : LONDON ITALY: REGION OF LOMBARDIA REGION OF TOSCANA ALA BOLOGNA BOLZANO CREMONA IMOLA MILAN NAPLES ROME ROVERETO SESSA AURUNCA TURIN VERONA W.A. MOZART´S 17 TRAVEL ROUTES MOZART – BRIEF BIOGRAPHY There's no better way to learn about W.A Mozart's life and W.A. Mozart was born on January 27, 1756 as the seventh child music than by tracing his footsteps through Europe, visiting the of "Salzburg's royal chamber musician" Leopold Mozart (1719 - buildings where he spent the nightstand performed his concerts. 1787) and his wife, Anna Maria Walpurga Pertl of St. Gilgen Whether small or large, many cities have traces of W.A. Mozart near Salzburg (1720 - 1778). At a very early age, the two - the young man who became the most famous and most surviving children, Maria Anna, known as "Nannerl" (1751-1829) universal composer in the history of the western world. This is and heryounger brother Wolfgang, displayed an extraordinary particularly due to the impressions and influences gained on his musical talent. Their father neglected his own musical work to journeys from the age of 5 to his death. His father, Leopold devote himself to the education and exploitation of his children. Mozart, planned and organized all the trips from 1762 to 1773. On January 12, 1762 Leopold Mozart embarked on a journey Mozart travelled through ten European countries and visited with his family which he had planned with great circumspection over 200 cities and regions. During his time, journeys were and skill. For Wolfgang, a time of travelling began, a time of taken to study or further one's education, to contact other restlessness which was to fill almost a third of his short life. The scholars (musicians and music theorists in the case of the journeys took him to the most magnificent royal courts of his Mozart's), to become acquainted with other doctrines and for time. He won great acclaim in Munich and Vienna. In the an exchange of academic experience. By tracing Mozart's travel summer of 1763, the Mozart's set out on an extensive tour of routes, travellers will visit many of the most significant music, Western Europe, taking them to Germany, Belgium, France and art and architectural venues of our cultural heritage in Europe: London. After interest in the child prodigy had subdued, the goal of the 1. Journey to Munich, 12.1. - early in Feb. 1762 first journey to Italy was to learn the skills of music where 2. Journey to Vienna, 18.9.1762 - 5.1.1763 music had originated and to obtain a commission to compose 3. Paris and London, 9.6.1763 - 29.11.1766 an opera. Wolfgang was very successful on this trip: he became 4. Journey to Vienna, 11.9.1767 - 5.1.1769 a member of the Philharmonic Society Academia Filarmonica of 5. to Italy: Rome/Naples, 13.12.1769 - 28.3.1771 Bologna and was awarded the Order of the Golden Spur by 6. to Italy: Milan: 13.8. - 15.12.1771 Pope Clemens XIV (1705/1769-1774). The performance of the 7. to Italy: Milan: 24.10.1772 - 13.3.1773 first opera seria composed for Italy "Mitridate, Re di Ponto" 8. Journey to Vienna: 14.7. - 26.9.1773 (Mithridates, King of Pontus) K. 87, was received with great 9. Journey to Munich: 6.12.1774 - 7.3.1775 enthusiasm in Milan. The desperate attempts of the young 10. to Paris: 23.9.1777 - mid of Jan. 1779 musician and composer, who had been without a salary since 11. Munich-Vienna: 5.11.1780 - 16.3.1781 1769 and concert master of the Salzburg royal orchestra since 12. to Salzburg: end of July. - end of Nov. 1783 1772, to find a permanent post during subsequent journeys to 13. to Prague: 8.1. - mid of Feb. 1787 Italy, Vienna and Munich were unsuccessful. The family moved 14. to Prag/Prague: 1.10. - mid of Nov.1787 to the house on Hannibal Square (now Makart Square 8, 15. Journey to Berlin: 8.4. - 4.6.1789 Mozart's Residence/Mozart-Wohnhaus in the autumn of 1773, 16 Frankfurt-Main: 23.9. - early in Nov. 1790 where he wrote countless symphonies, serenades, divertimenti, 17. Journey to Prague: 25.8. - mid of sep. 1791 five concerts for violin and piano ("Lützow-Concert" K. 246, "Jeunehomme Concert" K.271), "Il Re pastore" K. 208 as well as parts of "Idomeneo" K. 366. The political and social changes resulting from the installation of the new Archbishop of Salzburg in 1772 - Prince Archbishop Hieronymus Graf Colloredo (1732/1772-1803/1812) had put an enlightened ecclesiastic on the throne, forcing Mozart to lead a highly restricted life. This led to a prolonged conflict with his employer (Wolfgang had received the post of court organist in 1779 with an annual salary of 450 gulden) which caused a permanent rift with the Archbishop after the successful performance of "Idomeneo" in Munich at the beginning of June 1781. Mozart tried to establish himself as an independent composer in Vienna, which appeared to be "the best place in the world for his metier" and earned a living mostly by composing operas ("Die Entführung aus dem Serail" (The Abduction from the Seraglio) K. 384, "Der Schauspieldirektor" K. 486, "Le Nozze di Figaro" (The Marriage of Figaro) K. 492), as a piano virtuoso of his own compositions and as a teacher. On August 4, 1782 he married Constanze Weber (1762-1842) without his father's blessing. She is criticized by posterity as being extravagant, unfeeling and extremely enterprising after the death of her husband. Mozart and his wife travelled to Salzburg (1783) and twice to Prague in 1787 to attend the performance of "Le Nozze di Figaro" and the première of "Don Giovanni" K. 527. His last two successful operas were "La Clemenza di Tito" K. 621, which premièred in Prague on September 6, 1791 and "Zauberflöte" (Magic Flute) K. 620, at the Freihaustheater in Vienna. Mozart died in the house in Rauhensteingasse in which he had composed "Zauberflöte" and his unfinished "Requiem" K. 626 on December 5, 1791 at the age of 35 years of "heated military fever". AUSTRIA Today's Austria is the country where W.A. Mozart was born and died. The Cities of Salzburg and Vienna were points of departure and the final destination of his travels through Europe. Mozart visited 29 other cities traveling through Austria and on his way to Italy. PLACES OF INTEREST Baden bei Wien - Ebelsberg - Eferding - Haag am Hausruck - Hall in Tirol - INNSBRUCK Kemmelbach - Klosterneuburg - Kundl - Lambach - Laxenburg - LINZ - Lofer - Mauthausen – Melk - Poysdorf - Purkersdorf - SALZBURG - Schwechat - Schwaz i. Tirol - Stein an der Donau - Steinach am Brenner - ST. GILGEN - St. Johann in Tirol - St. Pölten - Strengberg – Vöcklabruck - Waidring - WIEN -Wörgl - Ybbs - LAND SALZBURG CONTACT Österreich Werbung Marketing Management Margarethenstrasse 1 1040 Vienna AUSTRIA Tel. + 43–1–588 66-0, Fax +43–1–588 66-500 email: [email protected] http://www.austria-tourism.at LAND SALZBURG MOZART´S STAY Lofer is a small village 42 km south of Salzburg. At Mozart's time this was roughly the distance of a daily coach drive. Therefore, Mozart father and son arrived there on the the first evening of their first Italian journey and spent the night in the building which today hosts the Hotel Post. St. Gilgen The well known tourist-resort in Salzkammergut was home to three persons of formative influence on W.A Mozart's life – his grandfather lived & worked there, his mother was born there (Hüttenstein) and his sister Nannerl lived there. PLACES OF INTEREST Post Inn / Lofer Former house of the local judge of Lofer Johann Chrysostomus Wenzel von Helmreich zu Brunnfeld. The former district court / St. Gilgen The Prince Archbishop of Salzburg, Graf Anton von Harrach, charged Mozart's grandfather Wolfgang Nicolaus Pertl with building the old courthouse, a commission fulfilled between 1719 - 1720. From 1716 - 1724 he held the office of Rechtspfleger (local judge) in St. Gilgen. Mozart's mother, Anna Maria Walburga Pertl, was born there on 25 December 1720. In 1724, her father died and the family moved to Salzburg, where she married Leopold Mozart, a native of Augsburg, in 1747. In 1784, Mozart's beloved sister Maria Anna Ignatia, known as "Nannerl", and her husband move into the house where her mother had been born. "Nannerl" - herself a great musical talent - married a successor to her grandfather's office, the judge Johann Baptist Berchtold zu Sonnenburg. Nannerl lived in St. Gilgen until her husband's death in 1801. On the street side of the memorial house is a relief of Mozart's mother and Nannerl by the sculptor Jakob Gruber, which was unveiled in 1906. Ischler Straße 15, 5340 St. Gilgen – Opening times 2009: April - November 2009 Daily from 9.00 Uhr bis 18.00 Uhr Mozart Fountain on the Mozartplatz / St. Gilgen The fountain on the Mozartplatz in St. Gilgen shows the young Mozart playing the violin, surrounded by birds spouting water. The fountain, which dates back to 1926, is the work of the Viennese art nouveau sculptor, Karl Wollek. Fountain to Mozart's mother / St. Gilgen In front of the Mozart Memorial House, there is a small, inviting garden with a charming fountain by Toni Schneider Manzell, depicting Mozart's mother as a small girl.