Integrated Curriculum for Secondary Education. Social Sciences, Years 1 and 2 Currículo Integrado hispano-británico para Educación Secundaria Obligatoria y orientaciones para su desarrollo. Ciencias Sociales, 1.º y 2.º GOBIERNO MINISTERIO DE ESPAÑA DE EDUCACIÓN, CULTURA Y DEPORTE Catálogo de publicaciones del Ministerio: www.mecd.gob.es Catálogo general de publicaciones oficiales: publicacionesoficiales.boe.es Autores del documento Mª Teresa Agudo CP Félix de la Fuente, Coslada, Madrid Colette Johnston CP Miguel Delibes, Valladolid Fionnuala Magee IES Comuneros de Castilla, Burgos América de la Torre IES Comuneros de Castilla, Burgos André Castillón Vezina IES Emilio Alarcos, Gijón, Asturias Manuel López Muñoz IES Villa de Vallecas, Madrid Hilary Edge IES Los Molinos, Cartagena, Murcia Juan Carlos Ocaña Aybar IES Parque de Lisboa, Alcorcón, Madrid Teresa Reilly Bilingual Projects Manager, British Council, Madrid M.ª Pilar Medrano Centro Nacional de Innovación e Investigación Educativa, MECD MINISTERIO DE EDUCACIÓN, CULTURA Y DEPORTE Centro Nacional de Innovación e Investigación Educativa Edita: © SECRETARÍA GENERAL TÉCNICA Subdirección General de Documentación y Publicaciones Edición 2013 NIPO en línea: 030-13-146-4 NIPO Ibd: 030-13-320-0 ISBN Ibd: 978-84-369-5530-9 Maquetación: Grafo, S.A. Table of.COntents General Introduction to the MEC/British Council Bilingual Project.................................................. 7 Introduction to the Social Sciences Curriculum............................................................................................... 11 1.. Different.approaches.to.teaching.and.learning.............................................................................................. 11 2.. Better.explanations...................................................................................................................................................... 13 3.. Better.descriptions....................................................................................................................................................... 13 4.. Teaching.materials.and.resources......................................................................................................................... 14 5.. Creating.resource.banks............................................................................................................................................ 14 6.. Cross-curricular.links.and.interdepartmental.coordination....................................................................... 14 7.. Language.for.learning................................................................................................................................................ 15 The Geography Curriculum........................................................................................................................................... 17 1.. Geography.General.Introduction.......................................................................................................................... 17 2.. Key.Concepts................................................................................................................................................................. 18 3.. Key.Processes................................................................................................................................................................. 19 4.. Range.and.Content...................................................................................................................................................... 19 5.. Geography.Curriculum.ESO.1................................................................................................................................ 20 5.1.. Introduction.......................................................................................................................................................... 21 5.2.. Topics....................................................................................................................................................................... 22 5.3.. Bands.of.Attainment.......................................................................................................................................... 33 5.4.. Web.sites.and.bibliography........................................................................................................................... 34 6.. Geography.Curriculum.ESO.2................................................................................................................................ 37 6.1.. Introduction.......................................................................................................................................................... 37 6.2.. Topics....................................................................................................................................................................... 38 6.3.. Bands.of.Attainment.......................................................................................................................................... 48 6.4.. Web.sites.and.bibliography.................................................................................................... 49 The History Curriculum................................................................................................................................................... 53 1.. History.General.Introduction.................................................................................................................................. 53 2.. Key.Concepts................................................................................................................................................................. 54 3.. Key.Processes................................................................................................................................................................. 54 4.. Range.and.Content...................................................................................................................................................... 55 5.. History.Curriculum.ESO.1........................................................................................................................................ 55 5.1..Introduction........................................................................................................................................................... 57 5.2..Topics....................................................................................................................................................................... 66 5.3.. Bands.of.Attainment.......................................................................................................................................... 89 5.4.. Web.sites.and.bibliography........................................................................................................................... 90 6.. History.Curriculum.ESO.2........................................................................................................................................ 96 6.1.. Introduction.......................................................................................................................................................... 97 6.2.. Topics....................................................................................................................................................................... 99 6.3.. Bands.of.Attainment.......................................................................................................................................... 133 6.4.. Web.sites.and.bibliography........................................................................................................................... 134 7.. Appendix.......................................................................................................................................................................... 144 General Introduction to the MEC/British Council Bilingual Project 1. Project background and objectives 7 The MEC/BC bilingual project, initiated in 1996 in primary as a unique experiment within the Spanish state education system, and in September 2004 the classes that had started their bilingual education 8 years earlier took the project forward into Secondary schools. The formal agreement between the Ministry of Education and Science and the British Council states that the aim of the project is to provide students from the age of three to sixteen with a bilingual, bicultural education through an integrated Spanish/English curriculum based on the Spanish National Curriculum and aspects of the National Curriculum for England and Wales. The implantation of such a curriculum requires, firstly, with regard to English as a subject, a very different classroom approach from the traditional EFL classroom where the focus is on learning English as a foreign language; secondly, a similar new methodology for teaching and learning other curricular areas through English. Such an integrated approach sits very positively within the Directives of the Council of Europe which insists on the need for students to be competent in three European languages by the end of the obligatory period of Secondary Education and that the learning of the first foreign language should begin in the early years of formal education. In addition to this, the secondary integrated curricula have consistently focused on the continuing development of students’ skills and learning